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WorksheetsCuestionario de Derecho
Total questions: 124
Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins
According to Burneo's modern vision, what does Constitutional Law represent?
A religious current applied to politics.
A set of universal dogmas.
An achievement of modernity reached through a historical process full of challenges.
A form of concentrated power.
The majority of legal systems require contracts to meet three requirements:
El motivo que lleva a las partes a celebrar el contrato
La causa
Consentimiento
El objeto
The majority of legal systems require contracts to meet three requirements:
La voluntad de las partes.
La causa
Consentimiento
El objeto
The majority of legal systems require contracts to meet three requirements:
Las cosas o servicios que pueden ingresar en el ámbito del comercio
La causa
Consentimiento
El objeto
Se da cuando las partes que crearon una obligación por contrato deciden de común acuerdo dejarla sin efecto.
Por convención de las partes.
Perdida de la cosa que se debe.
Novación.
El art. 1686 del C.C. indica que la pérdida puede darse por destrucción, desaparición o cuando la cosa sale del comercio.
Por convención de las partes.
Perdida de la cosa que se debe.
Novación.
Consiste en sustituir una obligación antigua por una nueva, extinguiendo la anterior.
Por convención de las partes.
Perdida de la cosa que se debe.
Novación.
No son exigibles judicialmente, pero si se cumplen, no se puede pedir devolución.
Obligaciones naturales
Obligaciones civiles
Obligaciones condicionales
Obligaciones modales
Son exigibles judicialmente si no se cumplen.
Obligaciones naturales
Obligaciones civiles
Obligaciones condicionales
Obligaciones modales
Están sujetas a la ocurrencia de un hecho futuro e incierto.
Obligaciones naturales
Obligaciones civiles
Obligaciones condicionales
Obligaciones modales
El deudor debe cumplir la prestación bajo una modalidad o forma específica.
Obligaciones naturales
Obligaciones civiles
Obligaciones condicionales
Obligaciones modales
The legal affiliation is established by:
The birth of a child within marriage.
The registration of a de facto union.
A judicial declaration.
An agreement between individuals.
What happens if a norm admits several interpretations regarding a child?
The fastest one is chosen.
The interpretation that most favors the child must be chosen.
The administrative judge is consulted.
The most economical one is chosen.
Classification of contracts.
Cuando tiene por objeto la utilidad de ambos contratantes.
Oneroso
Nominado.
Real.
Unilateral.
Classification of contracts.
Cuando las condiciones están delimitadas en la norma.
Oneroso
Nominado.
Real.
Unilateral.
Classification of contracts.
Cuando es necesaria la tradición de la cosa a que se refiere.
Oneroso
Nominado.
Real.
Unilateral.
Classification of contracts.
Cuando una de las partes se obliga para con otra, que no contrae obligación alguna.
Oneroso
Nominado.
Real.
Unilateral.
What describes legal capacity?
The ability to sign contracts.
The aptitude to be the holder of rights and obligations.
The authorization to exercise public functions.
The condition to acquire nationality.
The biological affiliation is characterized by:
The existence of an administrative resolution.
The affective coexistence between parents and children.
The birth derived from natural procreation.
A legal bond imposed by contract.
How can the paternity of a child of a single woman be established?
By international adoption.
By DNA testing only.
By voluntary recognition of the father or judicial sentence.
By administrative declaration.
What scientific test proves biological truth in paternity disputes?
Traditional blood test.
DNA comparison.
Signature of notarial documents.
Testimony of relatives.
What characteristic defines personal rights?
They are exercised only over real estate.
They require a legal relationship with another person to be enforceable.
They are exercised only through judicial power.
They are based on an unlawful act.
Who can challenge a voluntary recognition of paternity according to article 250 of the Civil Code?
Only the recognizing father or mother.
Only the recognized child.
The child or any interested person, except the recognizer.
Any relative up to the fourth degree.
What happens to the child born after one hundred eighty days of marriage?
It is presumed conceived outside of marriage.
It is presumed conceived within marriage.
Additional proof is required.
What is born after one hundred eighty days of marriage?
It is presumed conceived outside of marriage.
It is presumed conceived within marriage.
Additional proof is required to presume filiation.
It is considered the child of the mother only.
Social filiation arises from:
Registration in the civil registry.
A judicial sentence.
La convivencia donde se asumen roles de padre/madre e hijo/hija.
A marital union.
What are the parties in a donation contract called?
Transferor and transferee.
Donor and donee.
Lender and borrower.
What characterizes fungible goods?
They cannot be replaced due to their individuality.
They are unique and unrepeatable.
They can be replaced by others of the same species, quality, and quantity.
They cannot be the object of loan contracts.
An immovable property is:
Any property that can be moved.
Something that cannot be moved without losing its essence, like land or buildings.
An intellectual property.
A piece of furniture temporarily attached to a property.
What are incorporeal goods?
Goods that exist physically.
Tangible things of public property.
Goods that consist of mere rights, without material existence.
Immovables by adhesion.
In a sales contract, what is the seller obligated to do?
Provide a service.
Deliver a thing.
Enter into a loan contract.
Safeguard third-party goods.
What is the main classification of real rights?
Public and private rights.
Personal and real rights.
Principal and accessory rights.
Temporary and definitive rights.
When a person voluntarily assumes the role of mother or father regarding another, it is forming:
Legal filiation.
Biological filiation.
Filiación social.
Consanguineous filiation.
What is a contract?
A unilateral act of will.
An act of public authority.
An agreement of wills between two or more people.
An obligation imposed by law.
MODO DE ADQUIRIR EL DOMINIO.
Es la entrega material del bien con el ánimo de transferir su dominio.
La tradición.
La ocupación.
La accesión
MODO DE ADQUIRIR EL DOMINIO.
Es el modo de adquirir bienes que no pertenecen a nadie, como los bienes mostrencos, los animales salvajes, o productos del mar.
La tradición.
La ocupación.
La accesión
MODO DE ADQUIRIR EL DOMINIO.
Es el modo por el cual el propietario de una cosa principal adquiere lo que ella produce o lo que se une a ella naturalmente o artificialmente.
La tradición.
La ocupación.
La accesión
The child of a married woman is presumed to be the child of:
A close relative.
The judge.
The mother's husband.
Any citizen.
What form of telework combines days at home with in-person days?
Temporary
Flexible
Partial
Mixto
What does coexistence in social filiation generate?
Only economic ties.
Only hereditary rights.
Rights, obligations, and affective, cultural, and social ties.
Military and civil duties.
28.- ¿Qué establece la ley respecto al trabajo gratuito o no remunerado?
It is allowed if the employer considers it necessary.
It can be required if there is a verbal agreement.
It is only allowed in voluntary activities.
No one can be forced to work for free, except in special cases allowed by law.
Non-fungible goods are those that:
Are used until their extinction.
Can be easily replaced.
Cannot be substituted due to their unique characteristics.
Are public property.
When is the approval given in a contract?
When approved by a family judge.
When both parties accept and sign it.
Once the notary certifies its content.
When should the remuneration be calculated to set the compensation?
Halfway through the last year worked.
At the time of hiring.
At the time of dismissal.
At the end of the fiscal year.
REQUISITOS DE LOS CONTRATOS.
La sola expresión de voluntad es suficiente para dar nacimiento a un contrato, libre, soberano y reflexivo.
Voluntad libre y espontánea.
Licitud del Objeto.
Licitud de la Causa
Observancias de las solemnidades legales
Capacidad de las partes.
REQUISITOS DE LOS CONTRATOS.
Está constituido por las obligaciones que nacen de él y por ende las prestaciones deben ser lícitas.
Voluntad libre y espontánea.
Licitud del Objeto.
Licitud de la Causa
Observancias de las solemnidades legales
Capacidad de las partes.
REQUISITOS DE LOS CONTRATOS.
No puede haber obligación sin una causa real y lícita; pero no es necesario expresarla.
Voluntad libre y espontánea.
Licitud del Objeto.
Licitud de la Causa
Observancias de las solemnidades legales
Capacidad de las partes.
REQUISITOS DE LOS CONTRATOS.
Son un requisito de validez.
Voluntad libre y espontánea.
Licitud del Objeto.
Licitud de la Causa
Observancias de las solemnidades legales
Capacidad de las partes.
REQUISITOS DE LOS CONTRATOS.
Las personas que lo celebran tengan aptitud legal para obligarse.
Voluntad libre y espontánea.
Licitud del Objeto.
Licitud de la Causa
Observancias de las solemnidades legales
Capacidad de las partes.
EL DERECHO CONSTITUCIONAL Y SU VINCULACIÓN CON OTRAS DISCIPLINAS.
Estudia con la forma de organización política.
Teoría del Estado.
Sociología política.
Economía Política
EL DERECHO CONSTITUCIONAL Y SU VINCULACIÓN CON OTRAS DISCIPLINAS.
Conocida Ciencias Políticas.
Teoría del Estado.
Sociología política.
Economía Política
EL DERECHO CONSTITUCIONAL Y SU VINCULACIÓN CON OTRAS DISCIPLINAS.
Medio de subsistencia, los recursos que brinda la naturaleza.
Teoría del Estado.
Sociología política.
Economía Política
What regulates the Constitution?
How power granted by the people is exercised
International rights
Commercial relations
Religion and beliefs
What characteristic defines personal rights?
They are exercised only over real estate.
They require a legal relationship with another person to be enforceable.
They are exercised only through judicial power.
They are based on an unlawful act.
What is understood by price in the sales contract?
The estimated value of a property.
The monetary compensation paid by the buyer.
The judicial appraisal of the asset.
The sentimental value assigned by the seller.
De acuerdo a los ejemplos, seleccione los modos de Adquirir el Dominio.
Herencia de una casa por disposición testamentaria
Sucesión por causa de muerte.
Ocupación.
Accesión.
Prescripción adquisitiva (usucapión)
Tradición.
De acuerdo a los ejemplos, seleccione los modos de Adquirir el Dominio.
Pesca en mar libre.
Sucesión por causa de muerte.
Ocupación.
Accesión.
Prescripción adquisitiva (usucapión)
Tradición.
De acuerdo a los ejemplos, seleccione los modos de Adquirir el Dominio.
Construcción sobre terreno propio.
Sucesión por causa de muerte.
Ocupación.
Accesión.
Prescripción adquisitiva (usucapión)
Tradición.
De acuerdo a los ejemplos, seleccione los modos de Adquirir el Dominio.
Adquisición de terreno tras 15 años de posesión efectiva
Sucesión por causa de muerte.
Ocupación.
Accesión.
Prescripción adquisitiva (usucapión)
Tradición.
De acuerdo a los ejemplos, seleccione los modos de Adquirir el Dominio.
Entrega de un vehículo como parte de una compraventa.
Sucesión por causa de muerte.
Ocupación.
Accesión.
Prescripción adquisitiva (usucapión)
Tradición.
To which right is filiation closely linked?
Right to privacy.
Right to identity.
Right to nationality.
Right to economic freedom.
How many years can a worker accumulate their vacation?
Cannot be accumulated.
Up to 2 years.
Up to 3 years.
Up to 4 years.
Seleccione cada enunciado con el concepto correspondiente, según los contratos.
El pago es por unidad producida.
Destajo.
Tarea
Obra cierta
Seleccione cada enunciado con el concepto correspondiente, según los contratos.
Se paga por cumplir una labor en un tiempo predeterminado
Destajo.
Tarea
Obra cierta
Seleccione cada enunciado con el concepto correspondiente, según los contratos.
Se paga por el resultado final, sin importar el tiempo.
Destajo.
Tarea
Obra cierta
Until what age is a child considered according to the Organic Code of Childhood and Adolescence of Ecuador?
Up to 10 years.
Up to 12 years.
Up to 15 years.
Up to 18 years.
Which of the following is a movable good?
A house.
An agricultural land.
A vehicle.
An apartment building.
What mechanism is mentioned as a way to protect human rights?
Administrative amparo
Appeal resource
El Hábeas Corpus
Penal Code
Which goods have physical existence and can be perceived by the senses?
Fungible goods.
Incorporable goods.
Corporal goods.
Consumable goods.
What labor right applies to the worker in teleworking mode?
Right limited by remote location.
Only right to part-time work.
Right to an additional monthly bonus.
All labor rights.
What is a characteristic of occasional teleworking?
It applies exclusively to administrative jobs.
It only applies in rural areas.
It is used in exceptional situations, such as a pandemic.
It requires a collective contract.
Do they have the right to the fourteenth salary?
Only public officials.
Only those who have more than two years in the company.
Only employees with full-time hours.
All workers who have completed a year or proportional if they have not.
What is paid to a worker with up to three years of service if they are dismissed abruptly?
Three months of remuneration.
Three days of remuneration.
One annual remuneration.
Three weeks of salary.
To whom does the principle of the best interests of the child impose obligations?
Only family judges.
Exclusively to parents.
To all administrative, judicial authorities, public and private institutions.
Only to teachers.
How can an individual employment contract be agreed upon?
Verbal or written, with written being recommended.
Only verbally.
Only in writing and with a public notary.
Exclusively through a collective contract.
¿Cuál es la característica principal de la permuta?
Free transfer of goods.
Exchange of goods without mediation of money.
Sale in installments with interest.
Delivery of goods as collateral for debt.
What does the object of the contract consist of?
In regulating the civil status of the parties.
In the obligation to give, do, or not do something.
In determining hereditary rights.
In registering the commercial activity of the parties.
Which of the following is a fundamental element that must appear in a contract?
Voting certificates.
Data of the parties signing the contract.
Professional titles of the signers.
Commercial registration of both parties.
What is the calculation period for the thirteenth salary?
From January 1 to December 31.
From December 1 to November 30.
From July 1 to June 30.
From December 15 to December 15 of the following year.
The recognition of filiation is considered, according to doctrine, as:
An act of civil registration.
An obligatory judicial act.
A legal act of will.
A bilateral promise.
What is a characteristic of the employer as a legal person?
Must be registered as a company on the stock exchange.
Can be a private company or public entity.
Is only found in the industrial sector.
Can only hire employees, not workers.
What is an essential function of Law?
To collect taxes.
To guarantee order, justice, and peaceful coexistence.
To limit economic activity.
To regulate electoral campaigns.
What is a clause in a contract?
A penalty stipulated by a judge.
A provision contained in a public or private document.
An anticipatory will of obligations.
A regulation issued by the public administration.
What right is expressly guaranteed for children and adolescents in the Ecuadorian Constitution?
Exclusive right to property.
Right to have a family and community living.
Preferential right to vote.
Right to labor contracts without restriction.
Select each statement with the corresponding concept, according to the types of remuneration.
Es una remuneración mensual
Sueldo.
Jornal
Contrato en participación.
Remuneración mixta.
Select each statement with the corresponding concept, according to the types of remuneration.
El ingreso del trabajador depende del éxito económico.
Sueldo.
Jornal
Contrato en participación.
Remuneración mixta.
Select each statement with the corresponding concept, according to the types of remuneration.
Además del sueldo o salario fijo, el trabajador participa en el producto del negocio del empleador.
Sueldo.
Jornal
Contrato en participación.
Remuneración mixta.
What requirement is necessary for a person to validly obligate themselves according to article 1461 of the Civil Code?
To have at least one guarantor.
To be legally capable.
To have entered into a verbal contract.
To have witnesses to the obligation.
¿Cuál es el período de cálculo para trabajadores de la región Costa e Insular?
July 1 to June 30 of the following year.
March 1 of the previous year to February 28 or 29 of the following year.
April to April of the following year.
January to December of the same year.
What allows a person to exercise direct and immediate power over a thing?
Personal rights.
Nationality.
Real rights.
Citizenship.
What is the limit of personnel that can be in a trial period at the same time?
There is no established limit.
20% with authorization from the Ministry.
10% of the total.
15%, except for new companies or expansions.
What fundamental characteristic do legal norms have?
They only apply in international contexts.
They are created by the State and their compliance is mandatory.
They are secret and cannot be consulted by society.
They are flexible and voluntary compliance.
What was abolished with the French Revolution regarding power?
Divine power.
Hereditary power.
Military power.
Judicial power.
What is the main object of the promise contract for real estate in Ecuadorian law?
To immediately transfer ownership.
To formalize a mortgage.
To serve as a legal, economic, and social instrument.
To constitute commercial companies.
What is one of the essential elements of the individual employment contract?
Exemption from payment of remuneration.
Dependency or subordination relationship.
Absolute autonomy of the worker.
Provision of community services.
Which of the following statements describes an employee?
Performs agricultural or artisanal activities.
Performs maintenance or cleaning work exclusively.
Performs manual or material activities.
Performs intellectual or administrative activities.
Select each statement with the corresponding concept according to the contracts.
•Para labores cíclicas
De temporada.
Eventuales.
Ocasionales
Select each statement with the corresponding concept according to the contracts.
•Por ausencias justificadas o aumento de producción temporal.
De temporada.
Eventuales.
Ocasionales
Select each statement with the corresponding concept according to the contracts.
•Para tareas no habituales del empleador.
De temporada.
Eventuales.
Ocasionales
When is the corresponding value for annual vacations paid?
Upon completing two years of work.
In December of each year.
Upon completing one year of work.
At the time of labor termination.
What sectors can have the quality of employer?
The educational sector only.
The judicial sector exclusively.
Both the private and public sectors.
Only the private sector.
¿Qué es el Derecho?
A philosophical doctrine that regulates politics.
A set of punishments imposed by the State to prevent conflicts.
A set of norms, principles, and rules that regulate human conduct within a society.
A hierarchical organization of the State.
When can the worker opt for teleworking?
At any time, at the beginning or during the employment relationship.
Only during the trial period.
Only upon signing the initial contract.
Only if requested by the worker.
What happens if the worker does not work the entire calculation period of the fourteenth salary?
Receives the full amount if the employer decides so.
Receives a fixed amount.
Loses all benefits.
Receives the benefit proportionally.
Has the worker worked the entire calculation period of the fourteenth salary?
A current unified basic salary.
Half of the unified basic salary.
A symbolic gratification from the employer.
Double the last monthly salary.
What age encompasses the adolescent category in Ecuador?
From 12 to 21 years.
From 13 to 19 years.
From 12 to 18 years.
From 14 to 18 years.
Select each statement with the corresponding concept, according to the principles of Labor Law.
Incluye normas del Código Civil y del Código Orgánico General de Procesos
Supplementary laws.
Aplicación favorable al trabajador
Protección judicial y administrativa.
Select each statement with the corresponding concept, according to the principles of Labor Law.
Exige que ante dudas legales se actúe a favor del trabajador.
Supplementary laws.
Aplicación favorable al trabajador
Protección judicial y administrativa.
Select each statement with the corresponding concept, according to the principles of Labor Law.
Garantiza que los funcionarios protejan los derechos laborales
Supplementary laws.
Aplicación favorable al trabajador
Protección judicial y administrativa.
What happens if the worker is dismissed before completing a year of service?
Has the right to the proportional value of their vacations.
Receives no compensation.
Only receives the thirteenth salary.
Is deducted from the settlement.
With which legal institution is the action of paternity impugnation related?
With criminal law.
With the right to filiation.
With property law.
With inheritance law.
The capacity to act implies:
To exist legally.
To exercise rights and fulfill obligations by oneself.
To have legal domicile.
To acquire legal personality.
Select the correct one: Community of people who share a common identity and norms.
Pueblo.
Poder.
Territorio.
Select the correct one: Capacidad de imponer normas y hacerlas cumplir dentro del territorio.
Pueblo.
Poder.
Territorio.
Select the correct one: Espacio físico sobre el cual ejerce su poder.
Pueblo.
Poder.
Territorio.
Which goods are exhausted with their use, such as food or fuel?
Bienes incorporales.
Bienes no fungibles.
Bienes consumibles.
Bienes inmuebles.
What is the condition for the worker to be free to choose their labor activity?
That they have a written contract.
That they have professional training.
That the work is lawful (legal).
That they work in the public sector.
How can filiation be established according to Article 24 of the Ecuadorian Civil Code?
Only through a private contract.
By marriage, voluntary recognition, or judicial declaration.
Only by birth within marriage.
Through testimonial declaration.
How is the value of annual vacations calculated?
As the 24th part of what was received during the calculation period.
It is 10% of the annual salary.
It is calculated as double the fourteenth salary.
According to the last base salary.
What is one of the instruments that make up the doctrine of integral protection?
The American Convention on Labor Rights.
The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC).
The Declaration of the Rights of Workers.
The OAS Charter on the sovereignty of States.
¿A qué está orientada la acción de impugnación de paternidad?
A establecer el vínculo de filiación entre padres e hijos.
A extinguir la obligación alimentaria.
A enervar la filiación de hijos nacidos dentro del matrimonio o unión de hecho.
A otorgar la adopción.
What form of remote work is characterized by not having a fixed place, like that of field technicians?
Autonomous.
Intermittent.
Mobile.
Stationary.
Which international body contributes through General Observations to the development of the doctrine of integral protection?
The ILO.
The Committee on the Rights of the Child.
The International Criminal Court.
Unesco.
What historical fact changed the conception of power and led to the recognition of the people as the source of power?
The Industrial Revolution.
World War I.
The French Revolution.
The Declaration of Independence of the USA.
