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257 Exam 4 Questions

Total questions: 40

Worksheet time: 21mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

An older adult client is having some vision problems. Which one of the following disorders is caused by oxidative damage to the lens?

a)

Macular degeneration

b)

Glaucoma

c)

Cataracts

d)

Diabetic retinopathy

2.

A client has been complaining of headaches, poor vision in dim lighting, sensitivity to glare, and impaired peripheral vision, and he has a fixed and dilated pupil. He probably has which one of the following disorders?

a)

Cataracts

b)

Diabetic retinopathy

c)

Glaucoma

d)

Macular degeneration

3.

Your client has severe hearing loss, and you are finding it increasingly difficult to talk with him. During your visit, you spend time with him to discuss options to assist him with his hearing. Which of the following would not benefit your client?

a)

Hearing aids

b)

Personal listening systems

c)

Alerting devices

d)

Talking clocks, large print books, or software that converts text into artificial voice output

4.

The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with glaucoma. Which activities does the nurse instruct the client to avoid? (Select all that apply.)

a)

Bending over to tie shoes

b)

Sitting with legs elevated

c)

Sleeping on more than two pillows

d)

Blowing the nose frequently

e)

Lifting objects weighing more than 10 pounds (4.5 kg)

5.

Which clients are at high risk for developing hearing problems? (Select all that apply.)

a)

Airline mechanic

b)

Client with Down syndrome

c)

Drummer in a rock band

d)

Teenager listening to music using ear buds

e)

Telephone operator

6.

You are taking care of a female older adult client with a loss of height and kyphosis. She is also postmenopausal. Which one of the following diagnostic tools would you order?

a)

Computed tomography (CT) scan of her bones

b)

Magnetic resonance image (MRI) of her bones

c)

Bone scan

d)

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan

7.

Your client has a history of arthritis. After assessing her condition and finding stiffness with inactivity, pain relieved by rest, and crepitus, you realize she has which one of the following types of arthritis?

a)

Rheumatic arthritis (RA)

b)

Gout

c)

Osteoarthritis (OA)

d)

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)

8.

An older adult client has recently been diagnosed with gout. You will need to teach him all of the following EXCEPT

a)

side effects of medications.

b)

how to decrease the likelihood of another attack.

c)

care of the joint.

d)

reassurance that this is a one-time occurrence.

9.

An older adult client who has osteoporosis is discharged from the hospital. What does the nurse include in client teaching related to the client’s home safety?

a)

Use area rugs on tile floors.

b)

Keep walkways free of clutter.

c)

Walk slowly on wet floor areas after mopping.

d)

Keep light low to prevent glare.

10.

The nurse is taking the history of an adult female client. Which factor places the client at risk for osteoporosis?

a)

Consuming one carbonated beverage daily

b)

Working at a desk and playing the piano for a hobby

c)

Having a hysterectomy and taking estrogen replacement therapy

d)

Consuming one alcoholic drink per week

11.

The home health nurse visits a client who is having an acute attack of gout. The nurse determines that the client needs further instruction regarding the treatment of gout if the client states to take which action?

a)

Restricting fluids

b)

Maintaining bed rest

c)

Eating a low-purine diet

d)

Taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

12.

The clinic nurse is performing an assessment on a client with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The nurse checks for which assessment finding that is associated with RA?

a)

Age of onset is generally 65 years of age or older

b)

Complaints of pain that is more severe after activity

c)

Systemic symptoms such as fatigue, anorexia, and weight loss

d)

Joint pain is asymmetrical and associated with past injuries to the joint

13.

The nurse has provided instructions to a client with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis about measures to protect the joints. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?

a)

I should slide objects rather than lifting them.

b)

I should try not to remain in the same position for a long period of time.

c)

I should use large joints instead of small joints when performing activities.

d)

Pain or fatigue is expected, and I should try to continue with the activity if this occurs.

14.

•As a nurse, you know that sleep and rest are physiological and mental necessities for survival. Which of the following statements is incorrect about rest and sleep?

a)

•Sleep is a basic need.

b)

Sleep occupies half of our lives.

c)

•Rest occurs with sleep.

d)

•Deprivation of sleep may adversely affect older adults.

15.

You want to encourage your older adult client to exercise and recommend all the following EXCEPT

a)

one hour a day of moderate intensity aerobic activity.

b)

•muscle strengthening activities.

c)

•stretching and balance exercises.

d)

playing Wii Sports

16.

•Regular recurrence of certain phenomena linked to the 24-hour day by time cues, defines which one of the following?

a)

•Non–rapid eye movement

b)

•Circadian rhythm

c)

•Obstructive sleep apnea

d)

•Insomnia

17.

•A client admitted for sleep apnea asks the nurse, “Why does it seem like I wake up every 5 minutes?” What is the nurse’s best response?

a)

“Carbon dioxide builds up while you are not breathing which stimulates your body to wake up and breathe.”

b)

“Because your body isn’t getting enough oxygen you wake up and breathe.”

c)

Your tongue may be blocking your throat, and you wake up because you are choking.”

d)

•  “You really aren’t waking up that often. It just feels that way.”

18.

Of all the following malignant skin cancers, which one is the most common?

a)

•Actinic keratosis

b)

•Squamous cell carcinoma

c)

•Melanoma

d)

Basal cell carcinoma

19.

•Pressure ulcers are defined as an injury to the skin or underlying tissue resulting from pressure or in combination with shear, usually over a bony prominence. To prevent pressure ulcers, you know that you must perform all the following EXCEPT

a)

•  turn immobile clients every 2 hours off bony prominences.

b)

•  keep the skin moist.

c)

•use lift or draw sheets to move clients in bed.

d)

•ensure that your client maintains a healthy nutritional status.

20.

•After working with the older adults, you know that which of the following skin problems are common? (Select all that apply.)

a)

Xerosis

b)

Pruritus

c)

Seborrheic keratosis

d)

•Pressure ulcers

e)

•Eschar

21.

•When the nurse is assessing the skin of an older adult client, which of these findings will be most important to report to the health care provider (HCP)?

a)

A multicolored lesion is present on the client’s thigh.

b)

•  Liver spots are present on both hands.

c)

•Cherry hemangiomas are scattered on the client’s back.

d)

•The skin on the extremities is paper-thin.

22.

•Which characteristic of a skin lesion warrants further examination by a dermatologist or surgeon?

a)

•1-mm ecchymotic area on the upper extremity

b)

•Presence of one of the “ABCDE” features

c)

•Dark red color

d)

•Round and raised appearance

23.

The nursing instructor reviews instructions with the nursing student about caring for an older adult client with a pressure ulcer. What action by the nursing student indicates a need for further instruction about proper skin care for this client?

a)

Massages bony prominences

b)

Avoids reddened areas

c)

Repositions the client every 1 to 2 hours

d)

Uses a moisturizing lotion

24.

What is the best way for the nurse to prevent a client’s stage I pressure ulcer from advancing to stage II?

a)

Massage the reddened areas.

b)

Pad the ulcer.

c)

Promote mobility and/or frequent repositioning.

d)

Suggest an egg crate mattress.

25.

The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of interventions for pressure ulcer management. Which diagnostic test result with an increased level indicates client progress and effective health care team collaboration?

a)

Calcium

b)

Hematocrit

c)

Serum Albumin

d)

Numbers of immature white blood cells (WBCs)

26.

The nurse is assigned to care for a female client with herpes zoster (Shingles). Which of the following characteristics would the nurse expect to note when assessing the lesions of this infection?

a)

Clustered skin vesicles

b)

•generalized body rash

c)

•Small blue-white spots with a red base

d)

•A fiery red. edematous rash on the cheeks

27.

The evening nurse reviews the nursing documentation in the male client’s chart and notes that the day nurse has documented that the client has a stage II pressure ulcer in the sacral area. Which of the following would the nurse expect to note on assessment of the client’s sacral area?

a)

Intact skin

b)

Full-thickness skin loss

c)

Exposed bone. tendon. or muscle

d)

Partial-thickness skin loss of the dermis

28.

The nurse is performing a skin assessment on a client with a facial lesion. It appears as a well-defined, red, scaling, thickened bump. This type of skin lesion refers to?

a)

Kaposi's Sarcoma

b)

•Melanoma

c)

•Squamous cell carcinoma

d)

Basal cell carcinoma

29.

•Diabetes, dementia, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, and vitamin B deficiencies may cause neurologic damage, leading to

a)

•  postprandial hypotension.

b)

traumatic brain injury (TBI).

c)

•  fallophobia.

d)

gait disturbances

30.

•When visiting an older adult client in his home, you note that he is unsteady on his feet, and you are concerned about him falling. Which of the following functional issues put him at risk? (Select all that apply.)

a)

He has grab bars in his bathtub and a ramp for his rolling walker.

b)

He has gnarled hands and feet because of a history of rheumatoid arthritis.

c)

•Throw rugs are throughout the house to “keep his feet warm and off the cold floor.”

d)

•He uses a walker to get around his home, both inside and outside.

e)

•He has poor lighting throughout his home.

31.

•When assessing your patient who has a history of falls, you should pay particular attention to which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

a)

•Orthostatic hypotension

b)

•Vision

c)

•Cognitive disorders

d)

•Hearing

e)

•Antibiotics

32.

•Interventions the nurse may implement to help prevent falls include (Select all that apply.)

a)

•keeping the call light within reach.

b)

•rounding on the patient every 1 to 2 hours.

c)

•reducing fluid intake after the evening meal.

d)

using a bed alarm if the patient is disoriented

e)

teaching the patient to change positions slowly

33.

•If a patient is able to use upper side rail to assist in getting in and out of bed, then this patient is considered to be placed in a form of physical restraints.

a)

true

b)

false

34.

•An older adult client who has osteoporosis is discharged from the hospital. What does the nurse include in client teaching related to the client’s home safety?

a)

“Use area rugs on tile floors.”

b)

“Keep walkways free of clutter.”

c)

“Walk slowly on wet floor areas after mopping.”

d)

 “Keep light low to prevent glare.”

35.

When taking care of an older adult client, you realize when assessing his pain level that all of the following considerations would apply EXCEPT

a)

he might not be able to express pain.

b)

he might be depressed.

c)

sedation will affect how he expresses his pain.

d)

you will have to take his culture into consideration.

e)

  because he is older, he does not feel pain as much.

36.

The best nursing care provided for older adults with pain is that in which

a)

nursing is provided in a judgmental manner

b)

the goal of comfort is to lessen pain as much as possible

c)

undertreatment of pain may be caused by a nurse’s own definitions of pain

d)

the key person in the assessment of pain is the nurse

37.

Normal aging changes that would influence an older client’s experience of pain would include all of the following EXCEPT

a)

decreased tactile sensation.

b)

delayed reaction time.

c)

degenerative spine conditions

d)

increased sensitivity to pain

e)

All of the above are normal aging changes that would influence an older client’s experience of pain.

38.

In the role of client advocate, what does the nurse do first for a client who reports pain?

a)

Administers pain medication

b)

Assesses the level of pain

c)

Believes the client’s report of pain

d)

Calls the provider for a medication order

39.

When assessing a client for acute or chronic pain, what question does the nurse ask the client to obtain the most data?

a)

“Did someone do this to you?”

b)

“Does it hurt badly?”

c)

Is the pain really that bad?”

d)

“When does it hurt?”

40.

The family of a client with chronic cancer pain says to the nurse, “Can you please reduce Dad’s pain medication so that we can spend more quality time with him?” How does the nurse respond?

a)

“I will ask his oncologist about your question.”

b)

“Let’s ask your father about your request.”

c)

“No, his pain relief is more important than your concerns.”

d)

 “Yes, this is a valuable way for all of you to make needed adjustments.”