An ideal gas at 45 psig and 80°F is heated ain a closed container to 130°F. What is the final pressure?

It is defined as a phase of a substance that is not about to vaporize.

Assuming compression is according to the law PV = constant. Calculate the initial volume of gas at a pressure of 2 bar which will occupy a volume of 6 cubic meters when it is compressed to a pressure of 42 bar?

In a constant temperature closed system process, 100 BTU of heat is transferred to the working fluid at 100°F. What is the change in entropy of the working fluid?

Given a steam pressure of 900 lb/ft^2, the temperature of 300°F, specific volume of 5.8 ft^3/lb. If the specific enthalpy is 9500 ft-lb/lb, what is the internal energy of the system?

At what temperature readings do the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales have the same value?

There are 20 kg of flue gases formed per kg of fuel oil burned in the combustion of a fuel oil C12H26. What is the excess air in percent?

If methane (CH4) is completely burned, find the percent nitrogen in the products.

Calculate the heating value of coal having the following composition by weight using Dulong’s formula. C = 75%, H = 5%, O = 6%, N = 1.5%, S = 3%, Water = 1.5%, Ash = 8%.

What is the specific gravity of an oil which has a Baume reading of 28 degrees?

Find the air fuel ratio for a combustion process to which the fuel is C8H20 with 20% excess air.

One hundred twenty percent theoretical air was supplied for combustion. What is the equivalent excess air equal to?

In an air standard Otto cycle, the clearance volume is 18% of the displacement volume. Find the compression ratio and thermal efficiency.

An Otto engine has clearance volume of 7%. It produces 300 kW power. What is the amount of heat rejected in kW?

An 850-kWh diesel generating unit has a generator efficiency of 90%. If the mass of the fuel is 209 kg, then compute for the engine fuel rate?

Calculate the thermal efficiency of an air-standard Diesel cycle operating with a compression ratio of 22 and cut-off ratio of 2.5.

The thermal efficiency of an engine operating on an ideal cycle is 34%. Calculate the heat rejected if the heat supplied is 15,000 kJ.

In an ideal Otto cycle, the initial pressure and temperature of air are 100 kPa and 18 deg. C. Determine the maximum pressure in the cycle if the maximum temperature in the cycle is 600 deg. C, and the compression ratio is 8.

The sun generates 1 kW/m^2 when used as a source for solar collectors. A collector with an area of 1 m^2 heat water. The flow rate is 3.0 L/min. What is the temperature rise in the water? The specific heat of water is 4200 J/kg-C.

What is the external heating surface area in square feet of a tube with the following dimensions: tube inside diameter = 5 in, wall thickness = ½ in, length = 18 ft.

Calculate the arithmetic mean temperature difference for a condenser if the temperature difference between condensing steam and water inlet is 790°C and that steam inlet and water is 100°C

A cool soda initially at 3°C gains 30 kJ of heat in a room at 22°C during a 20-minute period. What is the average rate of heat transfer during the process?

A plane wall is 3.5 m high wide and is 30 cm thick. It is made of material that has a thermal conductivity of 0.5 W/m-K. A temperature difference of 50°C is imposed on the two large faces. Find the heat flow in W.

Radiant energy is experienced by a person standing near a brick wall. Assuming the wall has a surface temp of 47°C and an emissivity value of 0.89. What would be the radiant thermal flux per square meter from a brick wall at this temperature?

A two-stage compressor with an ideal intercooler receives 0.5 kg/s of helium at 120 kPa and 300 K and discharges it at 4500 kPa. Calculate the intercooler pressure in kPa.

Air is compressed in a reversible compressor at an initial temperature and pressure of 28°C and 95 kPa. Air leaves the compressor at 650 kPa. Compute the compressor work per unit mass.

What is the static air power in watts of a fan designed to deliver 1000 m^3/hr of air with a static pressure of 10 cm of water column on full delivery?

It is desired to deliver 5 m^3/s at a head of 640 m in a single stage pump having specific speed not to exceed 40. If the speed is not to exceed 1352 rpm, how many stages are required?

Water is pumped to a height with a total head of 39.36 meters. The available power is 60 cycles, 220 volts, three phase. Find the horsepower of an electric motor to drive a centrifugal pump at 3450 rpm having a discharge pipe of 2 inches. Assume water flow velocity of 5 ft/s and 70% pump efficiency.

A refrigeration system operates on an ideal vapor compression using R-12 with an evaporator temperature of -30°C and a condenser exit temperature of 49.3°C and requires a 74.6 kW motor to drive the compressor. What is the capacity of the refrigerator in TOR? Note: enthalpy of condenser entrance = 382 kJ/kg, exit = 248.15 kJ/kg; at evaporator entrance = 248.15, exit = 338.14 kJ/kg.

The power output is 30 hp to a centrifugal pump that is discharging 900 gpm and which operates at 1800 rpm against a head of, H = 120 ft, 3-phase, 60 Hz. If this pump is modified to operate 1,200 rpm, assuming efficiency remains constant, determine its discharge in gpm.

The power output is 30 hp to a centrifugal pump that is discharging 900 gpm and which operates at 1800 rpm against a head of, H = 120 ft, 3-phase, 60 Hz. If this pump is modified to operate 1,200 rpm, assuming efficiency remains constant, determine its head in ft.

In a refrigeration cycle, the heat rejected in the condenser is 150 kW and the COP is 3. Find the refrigerating effect.

A reversed Carnot cycle is operating under the temp. limits -10°C and 20°C. Find the COP.

An ammonia compressor has a clearance of 5% and a pressure ratio of 5. Determine the volumetric efficiency if k for ammonia is 1.304.

The refrigeration system has a refrigeration cycle per kg of 220 kJ. The heat required to remove is 630 kJ/hr. Calculate the mass circulated per hour.

1000 kg of fish at a temperature was placed in a chiller box storage. The product temperature is 4 degrees. Determine the quantity of heat required to bring the temperature of the fish to its freezing temperature. (Note: Cp above freezing = 0.76 kCal/kg-C, Cp below freezing = 0.41 kCal/kg-C; freezing temperature = -2.2°C)

It is the study of the properties of air and its water vapor content.

What is the specific volume of an air-vapor mixture at 24°C and relative humidity = 50% at 101.3 kPa pressure? Psat at 24°C = 2.982 kPa.

Copra enters a dryer containing 60% water and 40% of solids and leaves with 5% water and 95% solids. Find the weight of water removed based on the pound of original product.

The amount of sensible heat for a sensible heat ratio of 0.8 and a total cooling load of 100 is?

Determine the barometric pressure if saturated air at 30°C has a humidity ratio of 0.029 kg water per kg dry air. Saturation pressure at 30°C is 4.241 kPa.

Water enters a cooling tower at 35°C at the rate of 180,000 kg/hr and is cooled to 25°C. Atmospheric air used for cooling enters tower with enthalpy of 25 kJ/kg and leaves with enthalpy of 88 kJ/kg. Find the mass flow rate of air in kg/hr.

If the specific volume of a certain gas is 0.7848 m^3/kg, what is its specific weight?

An atomizer forms water droplets 45 µm in diameter. Determine the excess pressure within these droplets using σ = 0.0712 N/m.

What would be the weight of 3-kg mass on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is 10 m/s^2?

An open tank contains 5.8 m of water covered with 3.2 m of kerosene (γ = 8 kN/m^3). Find the pressure at the bottom of the tank.

A vertical rectangular gate 1.5 m wide and 3 m high is submerged in water with its top edge 2 m below the water surface. Find the total pressure acting on one side of the gate.

A thin-walled hollow sphere 3.5 m in diameter holds helium gas at 1700 kPa. Determine the minimum wall thickness of the sphere if its allowable stress is 60 MPa.