"Since industrial times, with scientists forecasting that global warming would continue for around 40 years." Cụm từ "industrial times" có nghĩa là gì?

"With scientists forecasting that global warming would continue for around 40 years." Từ "forecasting" có nghĩa là gì?

"In the meantime, ice caps would continue to melt and sea levels rise." Cụm từ "In the meantime" có nghĩa là gì?

"In the meantime, ice caps would continue to melt and sea levels rise." Cụm từ "ice caps" có nghĩa là gì?

"It's in these places that innovation is thriving." Từ "innovation" có nghĩa là gì?

"In Miami Beach, Florida, USA, seawater isn't just breaching the island city's walls." Từ "seawater" có nghĩa là gì?

"Seawater isn't just breaching the island city's walls." Từ "breaching" có nghĩa là gì?

"It's seeping up through the ground." Cụm từ "seeping up" có nghĩa là gì?

"So the only way to save the city is to lift it up above sea level." Từ "lift" có nghĩa là gì?

"Starting in the lowest and most vulnerable neighbourhoods." Từ "vulnerable" có nghĩa là gì?

"The elevation work was carried out as part of Miami Beach's ambitious but much-needed stormwater-management programme." Cụm từ "elevation work" có nghĩa là gì?

"As part of Miami Beach's ambitious but much-needed stormwater-management programme." Từ "ambitious" có nghĩa là gì?

"In addition to the road adaptations, the city has set up new pumps." Cụm từ "road adaptations" có nghĩa là gì?

"The city has set up new pumps that can remove up to 75,000 litres of water per minute." Từ "pumps" có nghĩa là gì?

"In the face of floods, climate-mitigation strategies have often been overlooked." Từ "floods" có nghĩa là gì?

"Climate-mitigation strategies have often been overlooked." Cụm từ "climate-mitigation strategies" có nghĩa là gì?

"Have often been overlooked, says Yanira Pineda." Từ "overlooked" có nghĩa là gì?

"Says Yanira Pineda, a senior sustainability coordinator." Từ "senior" có nghĩa là gì?

"A sustainability coordinator." Cụm từ "sustainability coordinator" có nghĩa là gì?

"Seawalls are a staple strategy for many coastal communities." Cụm từ "staple strategy" có nghĩa là gì?

"For many coastal communities, but on the soft, muddy northern shores of Java, Indonesia." Cụm từ "coastal communities" có nghĩa là gì?

"But on the soft, muddy northern shores of Java, Indonesia." Từ "muddy" có nghĩa là gì?

"They frequently collapse, further exacerbating coastal erosion." Từ "collapse" có nghĩa là gì?

"Further exacerbating coastal erosion." Từ "exacerbating" có nghĩa là gì?

"Further exacerbating coastal erosion." Cụm từ "coastal erosion" có nghĩa là gì?

"There have been many attempts to restore the island's coastal mangroves." Cụm từ "coastal mangroves" có nghĩa là gì?

"Ecosystems of trees and shrubs that help defend coastal areas." Từ "shrubs" có nghĩa là gì?

"By trapping sediment in their net-like root systems." Từ "sediment" có nghĩa là gì?

"Elevating the sea bed and dampening the energy of waves." Từ "elevating" có nghĩa là gì?

"And dampening the energy of waves and tidal currents." Từ "dampening" có nghĩa là gì?

"And dampening the energy of waves and tidal currents." Cụm từ "tidal currents" có nghĩa là gì?

"But Susanna Tol of the not-for-profit organisation Wetlands International says that." Cụm từ "not-for-profit organisation" có nghĩa là gì?

"So, Wetlands International started out with a different approach, building semi-permeable dams." Cụm từ "semi-permeable dams" có nghĩa là gì?

"Made from bamboo poles and brushwood, to mimic the role of mangrove roots." Từ "brushwood" có nghĩa là gì?

"To mimic the role of mangrove roots and create favourable conditions." Từ "mimic" có nghĩa là gì?

"The programme has seen moderate success, mainly in areas with less subsidence." Cụm từ "less subsidence" có nghĩa là gì?

"Unfortunately, traditional infrastructure is often single-solution focused." Từ "traditional" có nghĩa là gì?

"Unfortunately, traditional infrastructure is often single-solution focused." Từ "infrastructure" có nghĩa là gì?

"For long-term success, it's critical that we transition towards multifunctional approaches." Từ "critical" có nghĩa là gì?

"It's critical that we transition towards multifunctional approaches that embed natural processes." Cụm từ "multifunctional approaches" có nghĩa là gì?

"That embed natural processes and that engage and benefit communities." Từ "embed" có nghĩa là gì?

"Homes in this part of Vietnam are traditionally built on stilts but these ones had been built to float." Từ "stilts" có nghĩa là gì?

"But these ones had been built to float." Từ "float" có nghĩa là gì?

"The modifications were made by the Buoyant Foundation Project." Từ "modifications" có nghĩa là gì?

"A not-for-profit organisation that has been researching and retrofitting amphibious houses since 2006." Cụm từ "retrofitting amphibious houses" có nghĩa là gì?

"Climate change was not on the tip of everybody's tongue, but this technology is becoming necessary." Cụm từ "on the tip of everybody's tongue" có nghĩa là gì?

"It's much cheaper than permanently elevating houses, English explains." Cụm từ "permanently elevating houses" có nghĩa là gì?

"About a third of what it would cost to completely replace a building's foundations." Từ "foundations" có nghĩa là gì?

"Most of the country is less than a metre above sea level and 80 per cent of its land lies on floodplains." Từ "floodplains" có nghĩa là gì?

"Almost 35 million people living on the coastal belt of Bangladesh are currently affected by soil and water salinity." Cụm từ "coastal belt" có nghĩa là gì?

"Are currently affected by soil and water salinity." Cụm từ "water salinity" có nghĩa là gì?

"Rather than fighting against it, one project is helping communities adapt to salt-affected soils." Cụm từ "salt-affected soils" có nghĩa là gì?

"ICCO Cooperation has been working with 10,000 farmers in Bangladesh to start cultivating naturally salt-tolerant crops in the region." Cụm từ "naturally salt-tolerant crops" có nghĩa là gì?

"Certain varieties of carrot, potato, kohlrabi, cabbage and beetroot have been found to be better suited to salty soil than the rice and wheat that is typically grown there." Từ "wheat" có nghĩa là gì?

"Chowdhury says that the results are very visible, comparing a barren plot of land to the 'beautiful, lush green vegetable garden' sitting beside it." Từ "barren" có nghĩa là gì?

"Comparing a barren plot of land to the 'beautiful, lush green vegetable garden' sitting beside it." Từ "plot" có nghĩa là gì?

"Since the project began, farmers trained in saline agriculture have reported increases of two to three more harvests per year." Cụm từ "saline agriculture" có nghĩa là gì?

"Greg Spotts from Los Angeles (LA) in the USA is chief sustainability officer of the city's street services department." Cụm từ "chief sustainability officer" có nghĩa là gì?

"He leads the Cool Streets LA programme, a series of pilot projects, which include the planting of trees." Cụm từ "pilot projects" có nghĩa là gì?

"Urban cooling is literally a matter of life and death for our future in LA." Cụm từ "a matter of life and death" có nghĩa là gì?

"Using a Geographic Information System data mapping tool, the programme identified streets with low tree canopy cover in three of the city's neighbourhoods." Cụm từ "low tree canopy cover" có nghĩa là gì?

"And covered them with a light-grey, light-reflecting coating, which had already been shown to lower road surface temperature in Los Angeles by 6∘C." Cụm từ "light-reflecting coating" có nghĩa là gì?

"Spotts says one of these streets, in the Winnetka neighbourhood of San Fernando Valley, can now be seen as a pale crescent, the only cool spot on an otherwise red thermal image." Cụm từ "a pale crescent" có nghĩa là gì?