WorksheetsINTRO_PRC-NOTES PART I
Total questions: 123
Worksheet time: 1hrs 2mins
Name
Class
Date
1.
Nuclear body: Prokaryotes
a)
Nucleoid
b)
Nucleus
2.
Point of attachment for chromosome; extension of cytoplasmic membrane
a)
Cytoplasmic membrane
b)
Ribosomes
c)
Mesosomes
d)
Endospores
3.
Nuclear body: Eukaryotes
a)
Nucleoid
b)
Nucleus
4.
Cell division of prokaryotes happens thru?
a)
Binary fission
b)
Mitosis
5.
Cell division of eukaryotes happens thru?
a)
Binary fission
b)
Mitosis
6.
Ribosomes of Prokaryotes
a)
70S
b)
80S
c)
60S
d)
90S
7.
Ribosomes of Eukaryotes
a)
70S
b)
80S
c)
60S
d)
90S
8.
Loss of surface area and the two subunits of prokaryotes produce...
a)
70S
b)
80S
c)
60S
d)
90S
9.
In Gram stain, the primary stain is..?
a)
Crystal violet
b)
Gram's iodine
c)
Acetone alcohol
d)
Acid alcohol
e)
Safranin
10.
In Gram stain, the mordant is..?
a)
Crystal violet
b)
Gram's iodine
c)
Acetone alcohol
d)
Acid alcohol
e)
Safranin
11.
In Gram stain, the decolorizer is..?
a)
Crystal violet
b)
Gram's iodine
c)
Acetone alcohol
d)
Acid alcohol
e)
Safranin
12.
In Gram stain, the secondary stain or counterstain is..?
a)
Crystal violet
b)
Gram's iodine
c)
Acetone alcohol
d)
Acid alcohol
e)
Safranin
13.
In Gram stain, upon applying the primary stain, the color of the Gram Positive bacteria would be?
a)
Purple/Violet
b)
Pink/Red
c)
Blue/Purple
d)
Green
14.
In Gram stain, upon applying the primary stain, the color of the Gram Negative bacteria would be?
a)
Purple/Violet
b)
Pink/Red
c)
Blue/Purple
d)
Green
15.
In Gram stain, upon applying the mordant, the color of the Gram Positive bacteria would be?
a)
Purple/Violet
b)
Pink/Red
c)
Blue/Purple
d)
Green
16.
In Gram stain, upon applying the decolorizer, the color of the Gram Positive bacteria would be?
a)
Purple/Violet
b)
Pink/Red
c)
Blue/Purple
d)
Green
17.
In Gram stain, upon applying the secondary stain or the counterstain, the color of the Gram Positive bacteria would be?
a)
Purple/Violet
b)
Pink/Red
c)
Blue/Purple
d)
Green
18.
In Gram stain, upon applying the mordant, the color of the Gram negative bacteria would be?
a)
Purple/Violet
b)
Pink/Red
c)
Blue/Purple
d)
Green
19.
In Gram stain, upon applying the decolorizer, the color of the Gram negative bacteria would be?
a)
Purple/Violet
b)
Pink/Red
c)
Blue/Purple
d)
Green
e)
Colorless
20.
In Gram stain, upon applying the secondary stain or counterstain, the color of the Gram negative bacteria would be?
a)
Purple/Violet
b)
Pink/Red
c)
Blue/Purple
d)
Green
e)
Colorless
21.
Cytoplasmic membrane of prokaryotes
a)
Fluid phospholipid bilayer without carbohydrate and sterol
b)
Fluid phospholipid bilayer with carbohydrate and sterol
22.
Cytoplasmic membrane of eukaryotes
a)
Fluid phospholipid bilayer without carbohydrate and sterol
b)
Fluid phospholipid bilayer with carbohydrate and sterol
23.
Site of energy production of prokaryotes
a)
Nucleus
b)
Cytoplasmic membrane
c)
Pili
d)
Mitochondria
24.
Site of energy production of eukaryotes
a)
Nucleus
b)
Cytoplasmic membrane
c)
Pili
d)
Mitochondria
25.
Site of protein synthesis of prokaryotes
a)
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b)
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
c)
Free ribosome
26.
Site of protein synthesis of eukaryotes
a)
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
b)
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
c)
Free ribosome
27.
Peptidoglycan layer of Gram Positive microorganisms
a)
Thick
b)
Thin
28.
Peptidoglycan layer of Gram Negative microorganisms
a)
Thick
b)
Thin
29.
Lipoteichoic acid of Gram positive microorganisms
a)
Present
b)
Absent
30.
Lipoteichoic acid of Gram Negative microorganisms
a)
Present
b)
Absent
31.
Lipopolysaccharide content of Gram positive microorganisms
a)
None
b)
High
c)
Low
32.
Lipopolysaccharide content of Gram Negative microorganisms
a)
None
b)
High
c)
Low
33.
Periplasm and the outer membrane of gram positive microorganisms
a)
Present
b)
Absent
34.
Periplasm and the outer membrane of gram negative microorganisms
a)
Present
b)
Absent
35.
Cytoplasmic membrane of gram positive microorganism
a)
Present
b)
Absent
36.
Cytoplasmic membrane of gram negative microorganism
a)
Present
b)
Absent
37.
represents reserves of polyphosphates used in the synthesis of ATP
a)
Metachromatic granules
b)
Polysaccharide granules
38.
consists of glycogen and starch granules
a)
Metachromatic granules
b)
Polysaccharide granules
39.
highly refractile resting cells that are highly durable and dehydrated with thick walls
a)
endospores
b)
spores
c)
vegetative cell
40.
Resting cell, highly resistant to desiccation, heat, and chemical agents
a)
endospores
b)
spores
c)
vegetative cell
41.
What is the decolorizer in Schaeffer-Fulton stain?
a)
Acid alcohol
b)
Acetone alcohol
c)
Water
42.
Color of spores using Schaeffer-Fulton stain
a)
Green
b)
Red
c)
Purple
d)
Colorless
43.
Color of vegetative cells using Schaeffer-Fulton stain
a)
Green
b)
Red
c)
Purple
d)
Colorless
44.
active and it is capable of multiplying, growing, dividing and propagating..
a)
endospores
b)
spores
c)
vegetative cell
45.
It is resistant to everything and is generally considered the most difficult to kill microorganism
a)
Bacteria
b)
Spores
c)
Viruses
d)
Prions
46.
Composed of calcium and dipicolinic acid = calcium dipicolinate
a)
Bacteria
b)
Spores
c)
Viruses
d)
Prions
47.
It is resistant to everything and is generally considered the second most difficult to kill microorganism
a)
Bacteria
b)
Spores
c)
Viruses
d)
Prions
48.
This process kills everything (100%) including bacterial spores
a)
Sterilization
b)
Disinfection
c)
Aseptic technique
49.
This process do not kill spores and only eliminates vegetative cells
a)
Sterilization
b)
Disinfection
c)
Aseptic technique
50.
Boiling is part of this process
a)
Sterilization
b)
Disinfection
c)
Aseptic technique
51.
A process that eliminates all viable microorganisms, including the most resistant forms
a)
Sterilization
b)
Disinfection
c)
Aseptic technique
52.
Microorganism surviving on an item subjected to treatment is less than the “sterility assurance level” or one in one million (10-6)
a)
Sterilization
b)
Disinfection
c)
Aseptic technique
53.
• Less lethal process than Sterilization
a)
Sterilization
b)
Disinfection
c)
Aseptic technique
54.
Eliminates nearly all recognized Pathogenic microorganisms but not necessarily all microbial forms on inanimate objects.
a)
Sterilization
b)
Disinfection
c)
Aseptic technique
55.
Involves a chemical agent used on the skin to safely reduce the number of microorganisms and reduce risks of infection (Iodine, Hydrogen Peroxide, Antibacterial soaps)
a)
Sterilization
b)
Disinfection
c)
Aseptic technique
56.
It is a chamber filled with hot steam under pressure
• Deemed as the fastest and simplest method of sterilization (Except Prions) killed within 15 minutes
a)
Boiling
b)
Using an autoclave
c)
Tyndallization
d)
Inspissation
e)
Pasteurization
57.
Biological indicator of this process involves Geobacillus sterothermophilus
a)
Boiling
b)
Using an autoclave
c)
Tyndallization
d)
Inspissation
e)
Pasteurization
58.
It is the outermost structure of the bacterial cell
a)
Cell wall
b)
RIbosomes
c)
Cell Envelope
59.
Composed of an outer membrane (Gram-negative bacteria), cell wall, periplasm (G -), and plasma membrane
a)
Cell wall
b)
RIbosomes
c)
Cell Envelope
60.
It is also referred to as the peptidoglycan or murein layer
a)
Cell wall
b)
RIbosomes
c)
Cell Envelope
61.
A rigid structure that maintains the shape of the cell
a)
Cell wall
b)
RIbosomes
c)
Cell Envelope
62.
Composed of disaccharide-pentapeptide subunits and teichoic acid or lipoteichoic acid
a)
Cell wall
b)
RIbosomes
c)
Cell Envelope
63.
Its synthesis and structure have been the primary target of antimicrobial agents
a)
Cell wall
b)
RIbosomes
c)
Cell Envelope
64.
Functions of bacterial cell wall include preventing bacterial cells from rupturing when the osmotic pressure inside the cell is greater than the pressure outside the cell. It serves as a point of anchorage for flagella.
a)
First statement is true, second statement is false
b)
First statement is false, second statement is true
c)
Both statements are correct
d)
Both statements are incorrect
65.
It is composed of a very thick protective peptidoglycan (murein) layer.
a)
Gram-positive cell wall
b)
Gram-negative cell wall
66.
It consists of glycan chains of alternating N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (NAG) and N-acetyl-D-muramic (NAM) acid.
a)
Gram-positive cell wall
b)
Gram-negative cell wall
67.
It contains a negatively charged teichoic acid and contributes to the total electric charge of the cell wall
a)
Gram-positive cell wall
b)
Gram-negative cell wall
68.
It is the prime target of antimicrobial agents, like penicillin, which prevent the synthesis of peptidoglycan.
a)
Gram-positive cell wall
b)
Gram-negative cell wall
69.
It has porins that contribute to the permeability of the cell wall
a)
Gram-positive cell wall
b)
Gram-negative cell wall
70.
It contains a periplasmic space which is involved in peptidoglycan synthesis
a)
Gram-positive cell wall
b)
Gram-negative cell wall
71.
It does not contain teichoic acid
a)
Gram-positive cell wall
b)
Gram-negative cell wall
72.
Acid fast cell wall structure
a)
Gram-positive cell wall
b)
Gram-negative cell wall
73.
Has strong hydrophobic structure that affects the permeability of the acid-fast cell wall
a)
Chitin
b)
Sterol
c)
Mycolic acid
d)
Teichoic acid
74.
Prokaryotes that do not have a cell wall is composed of ___ in their cell membrane.
a)
Chitin
b)
Sterol
c)
Mycolic acid
d)
Teichoic acid
75.
Inclusion bodies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
a)
Much granules
b)
Babes Ernst Granules
c)
Bipolar bodies
76.
Inclusion bodies of Corynebacterium diphtheriae
a)
Much granules
b)
Babes Ernst Granules
c)
Bipolar bodies
77.
Inclusion bodies of Yersinia pestis, Pasteurella multocida
a)
Much granules
b)
Babes Ernst Granules
c)
Bipolar bodies
78.
Increases virulence by preventing phagocytosis
a)
Capsule
b)
Endospores
c)
M Protein
d)
Mycolic acid
e)
Pili
79.
Adherence of bacteria to host cell
a)
Capsule
b)
Endospores
c)
Ordinary Pili
d)
Mycolic acid
e)
Sex pili
80.
Bacterial conjugation
a)
Capsule
b)
Endospores
c)
Ordinary Pili
d)
Mycolic acid
e)
Sex pili
81.
Without flagellum
a)
Atrichous
b)
Monotrichous
c)
Amphitrichous
d)
Lophotrichous
e)
Peritrichous
82.
Single flagellum on one end (pole)
a)
Atrichous
b)
Monotrichous
c)
Amphitrichous
d)
Lophotrichous
e)
Peritrichous
83.
Single flagellum on BOTH ends (pole)
a)
Atrichous
b)
Monotrichous
c)
Amphitrichous
d)
Lophotrichous
e)
Peritrichous
84.
Flagella that is spread all over the whole surface of the microorganism.
a)
Atrichous
b)
Monotrichous
c)
Amphitrichous
d)
Lophotrichous
e)
Peritrichous
85.
Tuft or group of flagella on one end or both ends (pole)
a)
Atrichous
b)
Monotrichous
c)
Amphitrichous
d)
Lophotrichous
e)
Peritrichous
86.
They are the organ of attachment since they aid in the attachment of bacteria to tissues and surfaces.
a)
Common/Somatic Pili
b)
Sex Pili
87.
Considered as a virulence factor
a)
Common/Somatic Pili
b)
Sex Pili
88.
Essential part of the genetic transfer or conjugation process.
a)
Common/Somatic Pili
b)
Sex Pili
89.
Number of basal rings of Gram-positive bacteria
a)
2 basal rings
b)
4 basal rings
90.
Number of basal rings of Gram-negative bacteria
a)
2 basal rings
b)
4 basal rings
91.
Gliding motility is exhibited by cyanobacteria, myxobacteria, and Capnocytophaga. True motility and Brownian movement are best observed through the hanging drop method.
a)
First statement is true, second statement is false
b)
First statement is false, second statement is true
c)
Both statements are correct
d)
Neither of the statements are correct
92.
It is the end of spore's dormant stage
a)
Sporogenesis or Sporulation
b)
Germination
c)
Vegetative state
93.
Process of spore formation
a)
Sporogenesis or Sporulation
b)
Germination
c)
Vegetative state
94.
Clostridium tetani type of spores according to their location and associated organism.
a)
Terminal spore
b)
Subterminal spore
c)
Central spore
95.
Clostridium botulinum type of spores according to their location and associated organism.
a)
Terminal spore
b)
Subterminal spore
c)
Central spore
96.
Bacillus anthracis type of spores according to their location and associated organism.
a)
Terminal spore
b)
Subterminal spore
c)
Central spore
97.
It is the site of protein biosynthesis and gives the cytoplasm a granular structure.
a)
Plasmid
b)
Inclusion bodies
c)
Genome
d)
RIbosome
98.
Consists of RNA and proteins, 70S in size and separates into two subunits, 50S and 30S.
a)
Plasmid
b)
Inclusion bodies
c)
Genome
d)
RIbosome
99.
Consists of a single, circular chromosome.
a)
Plasmid
b)
Inclusion bodies
c)
Genome
d)
RIbosome
100.
Appears as a diffused nucleoid or chromatin body that is attached to a mesosome (a sac-like structure).
a)
Plasmid
b)
Inclusion bodies
c)
Genome
d)
RIbosome
101.
Serves as the energy source or food reserve of the bacteria. Also, they are composed mainly of polysaccharides, which lessen osmotic pressure.
a)
Plasmid
b)
Inclusion bodies
c)
Genome
d)
RIbosome
102.
An organized material that is firmly attached to the cell wall. Mostly made up of polysaccharide polymers and responsible for protecting the bacteria from the attacks of human defense system cells since it resists phagocytosis and desiccation.
a)
Capsule
b)
Slime Layer
c)
Flagellum
d)
Pili
103.
An unorganized material that is loosely attached to the cell wall. Also consists polysaccharides; and can either inhibit phagocytosis or aid in the adherence of the bacteria to host tissue or synthetic implants.
a)
Capsule
b)
Slime Layer
c)
Flagellum
d)
Pili
104.
An exterior protein filament that rotates and cause bacteria to be motile. This is deemed important in the survivability and the pathogenic ability of bacteria.
a)
Capsule
b)
Slime Layer
c)
Flagellum
d)
Pili
105.
Hair-like proteinaceous structures, about 2 um in length, that extend from the cell membrane to the external environment.
a)
Capsule
b)
Slime Layer
c)
Flagellum
d)
Pili
106.
Corynebacterium
a)
Babes-Ernst bodies
b)
Much's granules
c)
Sulfur granules
d)
Bipolar bodies
107.
Mycobacterium
a)
Babes-Ernst bodies
b)
Much's granules
c)
Sulfur granules
d)
Bipolar bodies
108.
Nocardia and Actinomycetes
a)
Babes-Ernst bodies
b)
Much's granules
c)
Sulfur granules
d)
Bipolar bodies
109.
Pasteurella and Bordetella
a)
Babes-Ernst bodies
b)
Much's granules
c)
Sulfur granules
d)
Bipolar bodies
110.
What is the major component of the acid-fast cell wall?
a)
muramic acid
b)
peptidoglycan
c)
lipopolysaccharide
d)
mycolic acid
111.
It is the organ of attachment that helps bacteria during tissue invasion
a)
a. glycocalyx
b)
b. somatic pili
c)
c. flagella
d)
d. teichoic acid
112.
It serves as the mitochondria of the prokaryotic cell
a)
a. plasma membrane
b)
b. periplasmic space
c)
c. ribosomes
d)
d. genome
113.
It protects bacteria against phagocytosis, hence, it is considered as a virulence factor.
a)
a. capsule
b)
b. cell membrane
c)
c. plasmid
d)
d. spores
114.
Which of the following inclusion bodies are found on Corynebacterium diphtheriae?
a)
a. Much's granules
b)
b. Bipolar bodies
c)
c. Polyphosphate
d)
d. Babes-Ernst bodies
115.
It is an extrachromosomal structure that serves as a site for the development of bacterial resistance to antimicrobial agents.
a)
a. plasmid
b)
b. fimbriae
c)
c. porins
d)
d. carboxysomes
116.
Which of the following organisms lacks a cell wall?
a)
a. Bacillus
b)
b. Capnocytophaga
c)
c. Nocardia
d)
d. Ureaplasma
117.
Which of the following terms refers to organisms with a true nucleus?
a)
a. Archaebacteria
b)
b. Bacteria
c)
c. Prokaryotes
d)
d. Eukaryotes
118.
It has centrally-located endospore
a)
a. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
b)
b. Bacillus anthracis
c)
c. Halobacterium
d)
d. Clostridium tetani
119.
It is the endotoxin layer of the gram-negative cell wall
a)
a. Antigenic-O-specific polysaccharide
b)
b. Lipid A
c)
c. Intron
d)
d. Periplasmic space
120.
Intracellular inclusions found in cells infected with Chlamydia trachomatis, the causative agent of trachoma.
a)
Levinthal bodies
b)
Halberstaedter-Prowazek bodies
121.
Intracellular inclusions found in cells infected with Chlamydia psittacci, the causative agent of psittacosis.
a)
Levinthal bodies
b)
Halberstaedter-Prowazek bodies
122.
Gliding motility
a)
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
b)
Capnocytophaga spp.
c)
Campylobacter spp.
d)
Yersinia pestis
123.
Darting motility
a)
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
b)
Capnocytophaga spp.
c)
Campylobacter spp.
d)
Yersinia pestis
100 %
