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WorksheetsKidney and Diabetes Quiz
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 13mins
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
To produce insulin
To regulate blood pressure
To clean the blood
To produce digestive enzymes
Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?
Eliminate waste
Store glucose
Regulate blood volume
Regulate blood pH
How many nephrons are approximately found in each kidney?
500,000
1 million
10 million
100,000
What does the glomerulus do in the nephron?
Filters small solutes from blood
Reabsorbs sodium and chloride
Reabsorbs water into the interstitial fluid
Secretes ions to maintain pH
Where does most of the reabsorption of water, sodium, and nutrients occur?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Collecting Duct
Distal Tubule
Ascending Loop of Henle
Which part of the nephron reabsorbs Na⁺ and Cl⁻ into the interstitial fluid?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Ascending Loop of Henle
Descending Loop of Henle
Distal Tubule
Which part of the nephron is responsible for the final concentration of urine?
Glomerulus
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Collecting Duct
Descending Loop of Henle
Where is glucose reabsorbed in the nephron?
Proximal Convoluted Tubule
Distal Tubule
Ascending Loop of Henle
Collecting Duct
What is the role of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2)?
To secrete glucose into the urine
To reabsorb glucose from the filtrate into the blood
To maintain water balance
To filter waste from the blood
What happens when SGLT2 inhibitors are used in diabetic patients?
Increase glucose absorption
Reduce glucose reabsorption, leading to more glucose excretion in urine
Increase insulin production
Reduce the need for insulin therapy
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of SGLT2 inhibitors?
Reduce blood pressure
Promote weight loss
Protect the kidneys
Increase fluid retention
What is the process of converting excess glucose into glycogen called?
Glycogenolysis
Glycogenesis
Glycolysis
Gluconeogenesis
What is the process of breaking down glycogen into glucose when the body needs energy?
Glycolysis
Gluconeogenesis
Glycogenolysis
Glycogenesis
Which hormone reduces blood glucose levels?
Insulin
Glucagon
Cortisol
Epinephrine
Which hormone increases blood glucose levels?
Insulin
Glucagon
Oxytocin
Thyroxine
Which organ produces insulin and glucagon?
Liver
Pancreas
Kidney
Small intestine
What type of cells produce insulin in the pancreas?
Alpha cells
Beta cells
Delta cells
Acinar cells
What type of diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance?
Type I Diabetes
Type II Diabetes
Gestational Diabetes
Neonatal Diabetes
What is a common complication of unmanaged diabetes?
Diabetic retinopathy
Asthma
Osteoporosis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Which of the following is a first-line treatment for Type 2 diabetes?
Insulin injections
Metformin
Glucagon
Growth hormone
Which of the following is an example of a class of diabetes medications that increases insulin sensitivity?
Thiazolidinediones (e.g., Pioglitazone)
Biguanides (e.g., Metformin)
Sulfonylureas (e.g., Glimepiride)
DPP-4 inhibitors
Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of diabetes?
Frequent urination
Excessive thirst
Weight gain
Fatigue
What is the main cause of Type 1 diabetes?
Autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing beta cells
Insulin resistance
Obesity
Vitamin D deficiency
Which of the following is a known risk factor for Type 2 diabetes?
Obesity
Age below 30
Excessive insulin production
High physical activity
What are the two types of heart failure?
Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF) and Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF)
Acute and Chronic heart failure
Left-sided and Right-sided heart failure
Congestive and Ischemic heart failure
