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WorksheetsPhysical Science Pretest
Total questions: 80
Worksheet time: 40mins
Describe the particle spacing AND movement in solids, liquids, and gases.
a. Solids- Tightly packed and vibrate; Liquids- More space and move slowly; Gases- Far apart and move fast
b. Liquids- Tightly packed and vibrate; Solids- More space and move slowly; Gases- Far apart and move fast
c. Gases- Tightly packed and vibrate; Solids- More space and move slowly; Liquids- Far apart and move fast
d. Gases- Tightly packed and vibrate; Liquids- More space and move slowly; Solids- Far apart and move fast
Which state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Air
Which two states of matter take the shape of their container?
Solid and Liquid
Solid and Gas
Liquid and Gas
Gas and Air
Which of the following is true about physical and chemical properties?
The identity changes in a physical property but not in a chemical property
A physical property is describing an object without changing it, a chemical property will change the identity of the object
A chemical property can be reversed and a physical property cannot
Size, shape and color are chemical properties, the ability to burn is a physical property
What are 2 examples of physical CHANGES and 2 examples of chemical CHANGES?
Physical- cutting, folding; Chemical- burning, rusting
Physical- burning, rusting; Chemical- cutting, folding
Physical- color, shape; Chemical- ability to burn, ability to oxidize
Physical- ability to burn, ability to oxidize; Chemical- color, shape
In which phase change does a liquid turn to a solid?
Melting
Condensation
Evaporation
Freezing
How is dry ice an example of sublimation?
Solid → Gas
Solid → Liquid
Gas → Solid
Liquid → Solid
What must be added or taken away in order for something to change state?
Matter
Space
Thermal Energy
Water
Particle movement ________ as thermal energy increases.
a. Increases
b. Decreases
c. Stops
d. Remains the same
Sharpening a pencil leaves behind pencil shavings. Is this a physical or a chemical change?
Physical because the identity of the pencil changed
Physical because the identity of the pencil did not change
Chemical because the identity of the pencil changed
Chemical because the identity of the pencil did not change
Which part of the scientific method is an educated guess written as an “If… Then…” statement?
Problem/Question
Observation
Conclusion
Hypothesis
Define energy.
The ability to do work
The force of an object moving
The amount of heat an object has
The downwards attraction to Earth
What direction does heat always travel?
Cold to Hot
Hot to Cold
What is the difference between potential and kinetic energy?
Potential Energy and Kinetic Energy are both stored energy
Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy are both energy of motion
Potential Energy is stored energy and Kinetic Energy is energy of motion
Kinetic Energy is stored energy and Potential Energy is energy of motion
What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?
Energy cannot be created, only destroyed
Energy cannot be destroyed, only created
Energy cannot be transferred, only created or destroyed
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred
At what point during a roller coaster ride has the greatest potential energy? Kinetic energy?
Greatest PE is at the bottom of the first hill, Greatest KE is at the top
Greatest KE is at the bottom of the first hill, Greatest PE is at the top
Greatest PE and KE are both at the top of the hill
Greatest PE and KE are both at the bottom of the hill
_____ transfers heat through touch, _____ transfers heat through fluids, and _____ transfers heat through air.
Conduction, Radiation, Convection
Conduction, Convection, Radiation
Radiation, Conduction, Convection
Convection, Radiation, Conduction
Define thermal equilibrium.
When objects are at the same temperature as their surroundings
When one object is cooler than another object
When one object is warmer than another object
When objects are at different temperatures than their surroundings
The picture to the right shows a boy playing a drum. Which two types of energy are being produced in the picture?
Electrical and light energy
Mechanical and sound energy
Thermal and light energy
Mechanical and thermal energy
__________ make up all of the matter around us.
Atoms
Molecules
Energy
Air
Who created the Periodic Table?
James Oglethorpe
Dmitri Mendeleev
Tomochichi
Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
An element is two or more compounds chemically combined
An element is the same thing as a compound
A compound is a pure substance
A compound is two or more elements chemically combined
List one example of a homogeneous mixture and one example of a heterogeneous mixture.
Heterogeneous- Pizza, Homogeneous- Salad
Homogeneous- Pizza, Heterogeneous- Salad
Heterogeneous- Lemonade; Homogeneous- Pizza
Homogeneous- Lemonade; Heterogeneous- Pizza
What are columns on the Periodic Table called? What are rows called?
Columns are called Periods, Rows are called Groups
Columns are called Groups, Rows are called Periods
Columns are called Shelves, Rows are called Families
Columns are called Families, Rows are called Shelves
What do the colors on your Periodic Table tell you?
Family
Element
Group
Period
What is the charge of a proton?
Positive
Negative
Neutral
Opposite
What are the two parts of an atom?
Nucleus and Protons
Electrons and Neutrons
Electron Cloud and Shells
Nucleus and Electron Cloud
What family is Neon in on your Periodic Table?
Halogens
Transition Metals
Rare Earth Elements
Noble Gases
For an equation to be balanced, both sides of the equation must be __________.
Equal
Opposite
Doubled
Different
The Golden Rule: Always change the _____ in a chemical equation, never change the _____.
Reactants, Products
Subscript, Coefficient
Is the following equation balanced? Na + H2O → NaOH + H2
Yes
No
What is the atomic number of Carbon?
6
12.022
12
18
Define circuit.
A closed pathway that carries electricity
An object that is attracted to magnetic objects
Materials that prevent electric charges from flowing through them easily
Refers to the properties and interaction of magnets
Define electrical current.
The flow of electrons through wires
The flow of neutrons through wires
The flow of protons through wires
The push/pull interaction of magnets
Electrons have ___ charge.
Positive
Neutral
No
A material through which electrons flow easily is a(n)
Insulator
Conductor
Fuse
Transformer
Opposite charges _____ and likes charges _____.
Attract, Repel
Repel, Attract
Series circuits are a circuit with ___ path(s) for the electric current to flow.
More than one
One
Equal
Which of the following is a characteristic of light bulbs wired in a parallel circuit?
When one bulb goes out, all the others go out
When one bulb goes out, the others get brighter
When one bulb goes out, the others get dimmer
When one bulb goes out, the others stay on
Electric charges that move from one object to another by rubbing together is
Friction
Radiation
Conduction
Induction
What are the three types of transfer for static electricity?
Conduction, Induction, Convection
Conduction, Convection, Radiation
Friction, Conduction, Induction
Friction, Conduction, Radiation
What are two safety features of a circuit?
Switch and fuse
Switch and circuit breaker
Fuse and transformer
Fuse and circuit breaker
What type of circuit is in the picture?
Parallel
Open
Magnetic
What type of circuit is in the picture?
Parallel
Open
Magnetic
What are magnetic poles and how do they relate to magnetism?
North and South poles, where force is the weakest
North and South poles, where force is the strongest
Magnetized area around the magnet
Define magnetic field.
Magnetized area around the magnet
North and South ends of a magnet
Push/pull interaction between magnets
The flow of electricity
What is one way you can increase the strength of an electromagnet?
Use a weaker battery
Use more wire
Turn down the electricity
Increase the number of coils
Waves carry ___________.
Energy
Matter
Electricity
Water
All mechanical waves must travel through __________.
Air
Medium
Space
Solid
Microwaves, gamma rays, X-rays, and infrared waves all travel through empty space. Which type of waves are these?
Electromagnetic
Mechanical
Sound waves
Longitudinal
Waves that move the particles of the medium parallel to the direction in which the waves are traveling are called _________________.
Longitudinal waves
Transverse waves
Combination waves
Surface waves
The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave (for example: crest to crest) is the wave’s _________________
Speed
Amplitude
Frequency
Wavelength
The highest part of a transverse wave is called the _________________
Node
Wavelength
Trough
Crest
The material through which a wave travels is called a _________________
Crest
Trough
Vibration
Medium
Sound waves are considered…
Mechanical waves because they can travel through empty space
Mechanical waves because they have to travel in a medium
Electromagnetic waves because they can travel through empty space
Electromagnetic waves because they have to travel in a medium
The arrows in the image show the path of a light wave going through a glass of water. Which of the following statements BEST describes what is happening to the light wave?
The light wave is bending because of refraction
The light wave is bouncing because of reflection
The light wave is bent because of diffraction
The light wave is changing directions because of interference
You can see your image clearly in a mirror because light is _____
Refracted
Reflected
Absorbed
Transmitted
As you move across the electromagnetic spectrum, how do frequency and wavelength change?
Frequency increases and wavelength decreases.
Frequency decreases and wavelength increases.
Both frequency and wavelength increase.
Both frequency and wavelength decrease.
What are the two types of lenses and how are they shaped?
Convex is curved inwards and concave is curved outwards
Concave is curved inwards and convex is curved outwards
Cornea is curved inwards and Retina is curved outwards
Pupil is curved outwards and Cornea is curved inwards
Which part of the eye is a clear lens and allows light to pass through and also focuses the light?
Pupil
Retina
Iris
Cornea
What is the colored part of your eye that controls the amount of light entering the eye?
Pupil
Retina
Iris
Cornea
Why do apples appear red in terms of light?
All colors are reflected and red is absorbed into the apple, making it red
All colors are absorbed into the apple and red is reflected, making it red
All light bounces off of the apple, making it red
All light is absorbed in the apple, making it red
Transparent objects tend to…
Allow light to pass through completely
Allow some light to pass through but blocks some light
Does not allow any light to pass through
How is amplitude related to sound waves? How does changing the amplitude change the energy of the wave?
As amplitude increases, energy stays the same
As amplitude decreases, energy stays the same
As amplitude increases, energy increases
As amplitude increases, energy decreases
Explain the Doppler Effect.
As the loud object gets closer to you, the frequency of the sound waves gets higher
As the loud object gets closer to you, the frequency of the sound waves gets lower
As the loud object gets closer to you, the frequency of the sound waves does not change
What is a force?
The speed and direction of an object
How hard it is to stop a moving object
Any push or pull that causes something to move or change its speed or direction
The downwards pull on an object
Which type of force causes an object to move, change its speed or direction?
Balanced force
Unbalanced force
Inertia
Gravity
The greater the force, the greater the acceleration. For example, the harder you hit a golf ball, the further it will travel at a faster speed.
Newton's 1st Law
Newton's 2nd Law
Newton's 3rd Law
Law of Inertia
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Newton's 1st Law
Newton's 2nd Law
Newton's 3rd Law
Law of Inertia
An object in motion will remain in motion, and an object at rest will remain at rest, unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Newton's 1st Law
Newton's 2nd Law
Newton's 3rd Law
Law of Gravity
The downwards force that objects exert on each other based on their mass
Gravity
Inertia
Force
Net Force
Which of the following surfaces creates more friction?
The classroom floor (tile)
Carpeted floors
Your desk
Hardwood floors
Graph B above represents a car that is _____
Stopped
At a constant speed
Decreasing speed
Coming back
Graph C above represents a car that is _____
Stopped
At a constant speed
Decreasing speed
Coming back
The graph below represents the relationship between the distance traveled and time elapsed for an object in motion. During which interval is the speed of the object changing?
AB
BC
CD
DE
Which graph best represents the relationship between velocity and time for an object that accelerates uniformly for 2 seconds, then moves at a constant velocity for 1 second, and finally decelerates for 3 seconds?
Graph A
Graph B
Graph C
Graph D
The diagram shows two girls pushing on a box with equal and opposite forces. What is the net force on the box?
The net force is zero.
The net force is equal to the force of one girl.
The net force is double the force of one girl.
The net force is equal to the difference between the two forces.
Which statement best describes the forces required to move the box to the right?
The forces must be balanced, with the force to the left greater than the force to the right.
The forces must be balanced, with the force to the right greater than the force to the left.
The forces must be unbalanced, with the force to the left greater than the force to the right.
The forces must be unbalanced, with the force to the right greater than the force to the left.
What is the net force and direction for the example below?
Net force: 15 N right
Net force: 15 N left
Net force: 5 N right
Net force: 5 N left
What is the net force and direction for the example below?
Net force: 0 N
Net force: 200 N left
Net force: 200 N right
Net force: 400 N right
