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Lab #1: Marble Run

Total questions: 6

Worksheet time: 32mins

Name
Class
Date
1-7.

🌀 Introduction: The Science of a Marble Run

🌪️ Introducción: La ciencia detrás de una pista de canicas


🇺🇸 English:

A marble run might look like a toy—but it’s actually a mini physics laboratory! When a marble rolls down a track, it’s not just having fun—it’s following the laws of science. Every curve, slope, drop, and jump in a marble run is a real-world demonstration of energy and motion.

The way the marble moves helps us understand potential and kinetic energy. These are two kinds of energy that objects can have, depending on whether they’re at rest or in motion. The marble also shows us how Newton’s Laws of Motion apply in action.

As we explore how a marble run works, we’ll learn how energy is stored, how it transforms, and how forces like gravity, friction, and acceleration affect motion. Get ready to discover the hidden science behind one of the world’s most playful engineering challenges!


🇲🇽 Español:

Una pista de canicas puede parecer solo un juguete, ¡pero en realidad es un mini laboratorio de física! Cuando una canica rueda por la pista, no solo se está divirtiendo—también está obedeciendo las leyes de la ciencia. Cada curva, pendiente, caída y salto en una pista de canicas es una demostración real del movimiento y la energía.

La manera en que se mueve la canica nos ayuda a entender la energía potencial y la energía cinética. Estos son dos tipos de energía que los objetos pueden tener, dependiendo de si están en reposo o en movimiento. La canica también nos muestra cómo se aplican las Leyes del Movimiento de Newton.

Mientras exploramos cómo funciona una pista de canicas, aprenderemos cómo se almacena la energía, cómo se transforma, y cómo fuerzas como la gravedad, la fricción y la aceleración afectan el movimiento. ¡Prepárate para descubrir la ciencia oculta detrás de uno de los desafíos de ingeniería más divertidos del mundo!

1.

What is a marble run described as in the passage?

a)

A toy

b)

A mini physics laboratory

c)

A game

d)

A puzzle

2.

Which types of energy does a marble run help us understand?

a)

Thermal and chemical energy

b)

Potential and kinetic energy

c)

Electrical and magnetic energy

d)

Nuclear and solar energy

3.

How does a marble run demonstrate Newton’s Laws of Motion?

a)

By showing how marbles change color

b)

By illustrating how marbles follow a straight path

c)

By demonstrating how marbles move through curves, slopes, drops, and jumps

d)

By explaining how marbles can float

4.

What forces affect the motion of a marble in a marble run?

a)

Magnetism and electricity

b)

Gravity, friction, and acceleration

c)

Wind and water currents

d)

Light and sound waves

5.

What is the main purpose of exploring how a marble run works, according to the passage?

a)

To build the fastest marble run

b)

To discover the hidden science behind it

c)

To create a colorful design

d)

To compete in marble run races

6.

In what way is a marble run similar to a real-world physics experiment?

a)

It uses advanced technology

b)

It demonstrates energy and motion

c)

It requires a laboratory setting

d)

It involves chemical reactions

7.

What happens to energy in a marble run?

a)

It remains constant

b)

It is stored and transformed

c)

It disappears

d)

It is created from nothing

8-14.

🪜 What is Potential Energy?

⚡ ¿Qué es la energía potencial?

🇺🇸 English:

Potential energy is the energy something has because of its position or condition. In a marble run, potential energy is stored in the marble when it’s sitting at the top of the track, not moving. The higher it is, the more potential energy it has.

This kind of energy is called gravitational potential energy, because it depends on gravity and height. Gravity pulls objects downward, so when a marble is lifted high, it stores energy that will turn into motion as it falls.

Think of it like stretching a rubber band. It’s not moving, but it has energy stored—ready to go. When you release it, the stored energy becomes motion.

In marble runs, builders start by placing the marble at the highest point. That way, the marble has enough potential energy to carry it through twists, loops, and ramps. The fun begins at the top!

🇲🇽 Español:

La energía potencial es la energía que tiene un objeto debido a su posición o condición. En una pista de canicas, la energía potencial se almacena en la canica cuando está en la parte más alta de la pista, sin moverse. Cuanto más alto esté, más energía potencial tiene.

Este tipo de energía se llama energía potencial gravitacional, porque depende de la gravedad y la altura. La gravedad jala los objetos hacia abajo, así que cuando una canica está colocada en un lugar alto, almacena energía que se convertirá en movimiento cuando caiga.

Piénsalo como estirar una liga. No se mueve, pero tiene energía guardada, lista para soltarse. Cuando la sueltas, la energía almacenada se convierte en movimiento.

En las pistas de canicas, los constructores comienzan colocando la canica en el punto más alto. Así, la canica tiene suficiente energía potencial para pasar por giros, curvas y rampas. ¡La diversión empieza desde lo alto!

8.

What is potential energy?

a)

Energy due to position or condition

b)

Energy due to motion

c)

Energy due to temperature

d)

Energy due to chemical reaction

9.

In the context of a marble run, when does a marble have the most potential energy?

a)

At the top of the track

b)

At the bottom of the track

c)

In the middle of the track

d)

When it is moving

10.

What type of potential energy is described in the passage?

a)

Gravitational potential energy

b)

Elastic potential energy

c)

Chemical potential energy

d)

Thermal potential energy

11.

How does gravity affect potential energy in a marble run?

a)

It pulls objects downward, increasing potential energy when high

b)

It pushes objects upward, decreasing potential energy

c)

It has no effect on potential energy

d)

It only affects moving objects

12.

What analogy is used to explain potential energy in the passage?

a)

Stretching a rubber band

b)

Rolling a ball

c)

Boiling water

d)

Charging a battery

13.

Why do builders place the marble at the highest point in a marble run?

a)

To give it enough potential energy to complete the course

b)

To make it easier to start

c)

To reduce friction

d)

To make it look impressive

14.

What happens to the potential energy of a marble as it falls?

a)

It turns into motion

b)

It disappears

c)

It increases

d)

It remains the same

15-21.

🌀 What is Kinetic Energy?

🏃‍♂️ ¿Qué es la energía cinética?


🇺🇸 English:

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. When the marble starts rolling down the track, its stored potential energy turns into kinetic energy. The faster it moves, the more kinetic energy it has.

Kinetic energy depends on two things: mass and speed. A marble that’s heavier or moving faster has more kinetic energy than a lighter, slower one. That’s why a fast-moving marble hits harder than a slow one!

In a marble run, kinetic energy is what keeps the marble going through curves, tunnels, loops, and jumps. Every time it speeds up going down a ramp, its kinetic energy increases. When it slows down due to friction or bumps, it loses some of that energy.

Watching a marble go from still to fast shows how energy changes form—but never disappears. That’s part of what makes physics so amazing!


🇲🇽 Español:

La energía cinética es la energía del movimiento. Cuando la canica comienza a rodar por la pista, su energía potencial almacenada se convierte en energía cinética. Cuanto más rápido se mueve, más energía cinética tiene.

La energía cinética depende de dos cosas: la masa y la velocidad. Una canica que es más pesada o que se mueve más rápido tiene más energía cinética que una más ligera o más lenta. ¡Por eso una canica rápida choca con más fuerza que una lenta!

En una pista de canicas, la energía cinética es lo que mantiene a la canica moviéndose a través de curvas, túneles, giros y saltos. Cada vez que acelera al bajar una rampa, su energía cinética aumenta. Cuando se frena por la fricción o por obstáculos, pierde parte de esa energía.

Observar cómo una canica pasa de estar quieta a moverse rápido muestra cómo la energía cambia de forma—pero nunca desaparece. ¡Eso es lo que hace a la física tan increíble!

15.

What is kinetic energy?

a)

The energy of motion

b)

The energy of rest

c)

The energy of sound

d)

The energy of light

16.

What happens to potential energy when a marble starts rolling down the track?

a)

It turns into kinetic energy

b)

It disappears

c)

It turns into sound energy

d)

It remains the same

17.

Which two factors does kinetic energy depend on?

a)

Mass and speed

b)

Height and color

c)

Shape and texture

d)

Temperature and pressure

18.

Why does a fast-moving marble hit harder than a slow one?

a)

Because it has more kinetic energy

b)

Because it is larger

c)

Because it is smoother

d)

Because it is rounder

19.

What role does kinetic energy play in a marble run?

a)

It keeps the marble moving through curves, tunnels, loops, and jumps

b)

It stops the marble from moving

c)

It changes the color of the marble

d)

It makes the marble heavier

20.

What happens to kinetic energy when a marble slows down due to friction or bumps?

a)

It loses some of that energy

b)

It gains more energy

c)

It remains constant

d)

It turns into potential energy

21.

What does observing a marble go from still to fast demonstrate about energy?

a)

Energy changes form but never disappears

b)

Energy disappears

c)

Energy remains constant

d)

Energy is created

22-28.

🔄 Energy Transformation in a Marble Run

🔁 Transformación de energía en una pista de canicas


🇺🇸 English:

In a marble run, energy is always moving and changing forms. When the marble is at the top of the track, it has potential energy because of its height. Once it's released, that potential energy changes into kinetic energy as the marble begins to roll.

This transformation happens throughout the track. As the marble speeds up going down a hill, kinetic energy increases. When it climbs a small bump, some of that energy changes back into potential energy.

No energy is lost—it just transforms. Some of it may also turn into heat due to friction between the marble and the track. This follows the law of conservation of energy, which says energy can't be created or destroyed—only changed.

Watching a marble run is like watching energy move, bounce, shift, and transform in real time.


🇲🇽 Español:

En una pista de canicas, la energía siempre se está moviendo y cambiando de forma. Cuando la canica está en la parte más alta de la pista, tiene energía potencial debido a su altura. Una vez que se suelta, esa energía potencial se convierte en energía cinética cuando la canica comienza a rodar.

Esta transformación ocurre en toda la pista. A medida que la canica acelera al bajar una pendiente, la energía cinética aumenta. Cuando sube una pequeña rampa, parte de esa energía se convierte nuevamente en energía potencial.

No se pierde energía—solo se transforma. Parte de ella también se puede convertir en calor debido a la fricción entre la canica y la pista. Esto sigue la ley de conservación de la energía, que dice que la energía no se crea ni se destruye—solo cambia de forma.

Observar una pista de canicas es como ver la energía moverse, rebotar, cambiar y transformarse en tiempo real.


22.

What type of energy does a marble have at the top of the track?

a)

Potential energy

b)

Kinetic energy

c)

Thermal energy

d)

Sound energy

23.

What happens to the potential energy of the marble when it is released?

a)

It transforms into kinetic energy

b)

It is destroyed

c)

It remains the same

d)

It transforms into sound energy

24.

According to the passage, what happens to energy as the marble moves along the track?

a)

It transforms but is not lost

b)

It is lost as the marble moves

c)

It is created as the marble moves

d)

It remains constant without transformation

25.

What is the role of friction in the marble run?

a)

It transforms some energy into heat

b)

It increases the marble's speed

c)

It creates energy

d)

It prevents energy transformation

26.

Which law explains the energy transformation in the marble run?

a)

Law of conservation of energy

b)

Newton's first law

c)

Law of thermodynamics

d)

Law of inertia

27.

How does the marble's energy change when it climbs a small bump?

a)

Kinetic energy changes back into potential energy

b)

Potential energy changes into kinetic energy

c)

Energy is lost

d)

Energy is created

28.

What is the main theme of observing a marble run according to the passage?

a)

Watching energy move and transform

b)

Observing the marble's color

c)

Measuring the track's length

d)

Counting the number of marbles

29-35.

🧭 Newton’s First Law and Marble Movement

🪨 La primera ley de Newton y el movimiento de la canica


🇺🇸 English:

Newton’s First Law of Motion says that an object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion—unless a force acts on it. This is called the law of inertia.

In a marble run, a marble won’t move until you give it a push or let it go from a height. Once it starts rolling, it keeps going in the same direction and speed unless something stops it—like friction, a wall, or gravity pulling it down a slope.

The marble resists changes to its motion. That’s inertia. A heavier marble has more inertia and needs a stronger force to start moving—or to stop once it’s going.

This law explains why the marble doesn’t start by itself and why it keeps rolling until something pushes back. Newton’s First Law shows us how motion continues—and how forces interrupt it.


🇲🇽 Español:

La primera ley del movimiento de Newton dice que un objeto en reposo permanece en reposo, y un objeto en movimiento continúa en movimiento—a menos que una fuerza actúe sobre él. Esto se llama la ley de la inercia.

En una pista de canicas, una canica no se mueve hasta que la empujas o la sueltas desde una altura. Una vez que comienza a rodar, sigue moviéndose en la misma dirección y a la misma velocidad, a menos que algo la detenga—como la fricción, una pared o la gravedad que la jala por una pendiente.

La canica resiste los cambios en su movimiento. Eso es la inercia. Una canica más pesada tiene más inercia y necesita una fuerza más fuerte para empezar a moverse—o para detenerse una vez que ya va rodando.

Esta ley explica por qué la canica no comienza sola y por qué sigue rodando hasta que algo la detiene. La primera ley de Newton nos muestra cómo el movimiento continúa—y cómo las fuerzas lo interrumpen.


29.

What does Newton's First Law of Motion state?

a)

An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion unless a force acts on it.

b)

An object in motion will eventually stop on its own.

c)

An object at rest will start moving on its own.

d)

An object in motion changes direction without any force.

30.

What is the term used to describe the resistance of an object to changes in its motion?

a)

Inertia

b)

Momentum

c)

Velocity

d)

Acceleration

31.

In a marble run, what causes a marble to start moving?

a)

A push or release from a height

b)

Gravity alone

c)

The marble's own energy

d)

The color of the marble

32.

Why does a heavier marble require a stronger force to start moving?

a)

Because it has more inertia

b)

Because it is larger in size

c)

Because it is more colorful

d)

Because it is made of a different material

33.

What happens to a marble once it starts rolling in a marble run?

a)

It keeps going in the same direction and speed unless something stops it.

b)

It immediately stops after a short distance.

c)

It changes direction on its own.

d)

It speeds up without any external force.

34.

Which of the following can stop a marble from rolling in a marble run?

a)

Friction, a wall, or gravity pulling it down a slope

b)

The marble's color

c)

The marble's shape

d)

The marble's temperature

35.

How does Newton's First Law explain the motion of a marble in a marble run?

a)

It shows how motion continues and how forces interrupt it.

b)

It explains why marbles are colorful.

c)

It describes the shape of marbles.

d)

It predicts the temperature of marbles.

36-40.

⚖️ Newton’s Second Law: Force, Mass, and Acceleration of the Marble

📏 Segunda ley de Newton: fuerza, masa y aceleración de la canica


🇺🇸 English:

Newton’s Second Law of Motion tells us how much an object will accelerate when a force is applied. The formula is:

Force = Mass × Acceleration (F = m × a)

In a marble run, this law explains how fast the marble will move depending on its mass and how much force is acting on it—like gravity pulling it downhill.

A heavier marble (more mass) needs more force to accelerate. That’s why two marbles of different weights won’t always move the same way. The lighter one might roll faster with the same push, because it needs less force to speed up.

This law also explains why steeper slopes cause marbles to speed up. The stronger the pull (the force of gravity), the faster the marble accelerates.

Newton’s Second Law helps us predict motion—and make better marble runs!


🇲🇽 Español:

La segunda ley del movimiento de Newton nos dice cuánto acelerará un objeto cuando se le aplique una fuerza. La fórmula es:

Fuerza = Masa × Aceleración (F = m × a)

En una pista de canicas, esta ley explica qué tan rápido se moverá la canica dependiendo de su masa y de cuánta fuerza actúe sobre ella—como la gravedad jalándola cuesta abajo.

Una canica más pesada (más masa) necesita más fuerza para acelerarse. Por eso, dos canicas con diferentes pesos no siempre se moverán igual. La más ligera puede rodar más rápido con el mismo empuje, porque necesita menos fuerza para acelerar.

Esta ley también explica por qué las pendientes más empinadas hacen que las canicas se aceleren. Cuanto más fuerte es la fuerza (como la gravedad), más rápido se mueve la canica.

¡La segunda ley de Newton nos ayuda a predecir el movimiento—y a construir mejores pistas de canicas!

36.

What does Newton's Second Law of Motion explain in the context of a marble run?

a)

How fast the marble will move depending on its mass and force acting on it

b)

The color of the marble

c)

The shape of the marble

d)

The sound the marble makes

37.

According to Newton's Second Law, what happens to a heavier marble compared to a lighter one when the same force is applied?

a)

It needs more force to accelerate

b)

It rolls faster

c)

It changes color

d)

It makes more noise

38.

Why do steeper slopes cause marbles to speed up according to the passage?

a)

Because the stronger the pull of gravity, the faster the marble accelerates

b)

Because the marble becomes lighter

c)

Because the marble changes shape

d)

Because the marble makes a sound

39.

What is the formula for Newton's Second Law of Motion?

a)

Force = Mass × Acceleration (F = m × a)

b)

Force = Mass + Acceleration

c)

Force = Mass - Acceleration

d)

Force = Mass / Acceleration

40.

How does Newton's Second Law help in making better marble runs?

a)

By predicting motion

b)

By changing the color of marbles

c)

By altering the shape of marbles

d)

By making marbles quieter