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WorksheetsĐề Cương Sinh Học 10
Total questions: 79
Worksheet time: 1hrs 10mins
How many characteristics are features of the basic levels of living organization?
3
4
5
6
The most important characteristic that ensures the sustainability and relative stability of living organization is:
Substance and energy exchange
Reproduction
Growth and development
Ability to self-regulate and maintain homeostasis
The basic levels of organization of the living world are arranged according to the correct hierarchical principle:
2 → 3 → 4 → 5 → 1
5 → 4 → 3 → 2 → 1
1 → 2 → 3 → 4 → 5
2 → 1 → 3 → 4 → 5
Regarding the characteristics of living organization levels, which statements are true or false?
Continuously evolving
Organized according to hierarchical principles
Is a closed system
Has self-regulating ability
How many units is the world of organisms classified into?
5
6
7
8
Single-celled organisms are those that are made up of how many cells?
4
3
2
1
Multicellular organisms are those that are made up of:
Many cells
From 1 cell
From 2 cells
Complex body structure
The basic unit of living organisms is?
Organ system
Tissue
Cell
Organ
The four main elements that make up living matter are:
C, H, O, N
C, H, O, P
O, P, C, N
H, O, N, P
Which chemical element below plays a role in creating the 'skeleton' for organic macromolecules?
O
C
P
N
What are the chemical elements that make up living organisms?
C, H, O, N
C, H, O, P
O, P, C, N
H, O, N, P
Which chemical element below plays a role in creating the 'bone structure' for organic macromolecules?
O
C
P
N
The special properties of water are due to water molecules
Tend to bond with each other
Have polar characteristics
Are very small
Easily separate from each other
In cells, there are 4 main types of organic molecules:
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic acids
Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Glucose
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Amino acids
Carbohydrates, Glucose, Proteins, and Nucleic acids
In the following roles, what roles does water play in cells?
Medium for diffusion and transport of substances
Medium for biochemical reactions
Raw material for biochemical reactions
Participates in the structure and protection of cell structures
Provides energy for cell activities
What characteristic is used to classify saccharides into three types: monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides?
Number of monomers in the molecule
Molecular weight
Number of types of monomers in the molecule
Solubility in water
Lipids are a group of substances:
Made up of 3 elements C, H, O connected by non-polar covalent bonds, hydrophobic
Made up of 3 elements C, H, O connected by polar covalent bonds, hydrophobic
Made up of 3 elements C, H, O connected by polar covalent bonds, not hydrophobic
Made up of 3 elements C, H, O connected by non-polar covalent bonds, not hydrophobic
What is the difference between carbohydrates and lipids?
They are large molecules
Participate in cell structure
Constructed according to the principle of polymers
Storage
What is the difference between carbohydrates and lipids?
They are large molecules with high mass
They participate in cell structure
They are composed based on the principle of polymers
They store and provide energy for cells and the body
Which of the following statements about proteins is correct?
Proteins are made up of chemical elements: C, H, O
Proteins in humans and animals are synthesized from 20 types of amino acids obtained from food
Simple proteins consist of many polypeptide chains with hundreds of amino acids
Proteins lose their biological function when their spatial structure is disrupted
How many examples illustrate the functions of proteins?
5
6
3
4
What are the characteristics of prokaryotic cells?
Why are bacterial cells called prokaryotic cells?
What are the characteristics of eukaryotic cells?
How can cells of the same organism recognize each other and identify 'foreign' cells?
What are the functions of rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Which statement about passive transport is incorrect?
It does not consume energy, substances diffuse from low to high concentration
It consumes energy, substances move from low to high concentration
It does not consume energy, substances diffuse from high to low concentration
It occurs with all substances when there is a concentration difference between inside and outside the cell membrane
Active transport and endocytosis always consume ATP because
Active transport and exocytosis always consume ATP because
Cells actively take substances, so they require energy
Transport against the concentration gradient or requires deformation of the plasma membrane
Must use carrier substances to carry out transport
The substances being transported have high energy
The secreted products are expelled from the cell through which pathway?
Exocytosis
Diffusion
Osmosis
Both exocytosis and endocytosis
Choose the correct option: Solutes can diffuse from outside to inside the cell in which environment?
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
Hypertonic
When placing 3 plant cells of the same tissue into 3 environments 1, 2, 3, it is observed that the phenomena are as shown in the figure below, where the arrows describe the direction of movement of free water molecules. How many of the following statements about the experiment are correct?
Environment 1 is hypertonic, environment 3 is hypotonic compared to the cell.
In environment 1, the cell loses water causing plasmolysis.
In environment 3, if the amount of water from outside moves into the cell too much, it will cause the cell to burst.
The cell in environment 2 will have unchanged mass and size compared to the initial state.
The main energy of the cell exists
In the form of electrical energy
In the form of heat
In the latent form in chemical bonds
In the form of either chemical energy or electrical energy
Enzymes are fundamentally:
Proteins
Monosaccharides
Polysaccharides
Phospholipids
The P~P bond in the ATP molecule is easily broken to release energy. The reason is that
The ATP molecule is a high-energy substance
All phosphate groups are negatively charged and repel each other
The ATP molecule contains 3 phosphate groups
D
ATP is very easy to break down to release energy. What is the reason?
ATP molecules are energy-rich substances
All phosphate groups are negatively charged and repel each other
ATP molecules contain 3 phosphate groups
This is a strong bond
Regarding ATP, which of the following statements is incorrect?
It is the energy currency of the cell
It is a high-energy compound
It is produced during the metabolism of substances and used in the life activities of the cell
It is the compound that contains the most energy in the cell
In the cell, ATP energy is used for the main tasks such as:
Decomposing chemical substances necessary for the body
Synthesizing chemical substances necessary for the cell
Transporting substances across membranes
Performing mechanical work
In cellular respiration, which statement is true?
Carbon dioxide is synthesized from water and carbon dioxide
Oxygen is used to produce energy
Organisms breathe in oxygen and expel carbon dioxide
Glucose is oxidized to produce energy and carbon dioxide
Which organelle do both the Krebs cycle and the electron transport system occur in?
Golgi apparatus
Nucleus
Lysosome
Mitochondria
Cells need energy to function, and a common process to convert sugar into a usable fuel is called cellular respiration. What is the main difference between anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration?
How much the cell moves
Whether the result is a different type of sugar
The process of using water
The process of using oxygen
What form will light energy in the process of photosynthesis be stored in the cell?
Thermal energy.
Light energy has been completely consumed.
Mechanical energy
What form is light energy accumulated in during photosynthesis?
Thermal energy.
Light energy has been completely consumed.
Kinetic energy.
Chemical energy.
Determine: In the basic equation of the photosynthesis process to synthesize one glucose molecule, how many carbon dioxide molecules and how many oxygen molecules are produced?
6, 6
3, 6
6, 2
3, 4
How many stages does intercellular communication consist of?
1
2
3
4
In the reception process, the signaling molecule binds to?
Organelles
Neurons
Molecules
Receptors
In the intracellular signaling process, what is activated that will activate certain molecules in the cell in a chain interaction to target molecules?
Receptors
Target cells
Certain molecules
Other answers
Intercellular communication is the process where cells ........... created from other cells.
Receive
Process
Respond to signals
All three answers are correct
In the reception stage, the signaling molecule binds to a specific receptor in?
Cells
Receiving cells
Target cells
All three answers are correct
Determine: The action that the environment performs on organisms is called?
Reaction
Stimulus
Reflex
Counterattack
What is the concept of the cell cycle?
List the order of phases of the interphase.
List the order of phases of mitosis.
Which phase has chromosomes tightly coiled?
Why do chromosomes reduce by half after meiosis?
State the time when chromosomes pair up (can exchange segments) during meiosis.
Where does the process of metabolism and energy transformation occur?
Animals
Plants
Trees
All living organisms
Where does the process of metabolism and energy conversion occur?
Animals
Plants
Trees
All organisms
Based on the carbon source, microorganisms have the following types of nutrition:
Photoautotrophy and phototrophy
Autotrophy and heterotrophy
Photoheterotrophy and chemotrophy
Chemotrophy and chemolithotrophy
The type of nutrition that has energy from light and carbon source from CO2 is:
Photoautotrophy
Photoheterotrophy
Chemotrophy
Chemolithotrophy
Which of the following characteristics is NOT true for microorganisms?
Small bodies, only visible under a microscope
All microorganisms have prokaryotic cells
They can grow and reproduce quickly
They can be widely distributed in most environments
How many types of nutrition are there in microorganisms?
4
3
2
1
Which phase is only present in continuous bacterial culture?
Exponential phase
Lag phase
Stationary phase
Decline phase
In batch culture, to obtain the maximum biomass of bacteria, when should harvesting be done?
At the beginning of the exponential phase
At the end of the exponential phase
At the beginning of the lag phase
At the end of the stationary phase
How many reasons in the following reasons explain the gradual decrease in the number of individuals in the decline phase of batch culture?
1. Nutrients in the culture medium are depleted
2. Harmful substances accumulate
3. The culture medium no longer has space to hold bacteria
4. Oxygen levels drop very low
Asexual reproduction in eukaryotic microorganisms includes which of the following forms?
(1). Binary fission
(2). Conjugation
(3). Budding
(4). Formation of asexual spores
What are the forms of reproduction in eukaryotic microorganisms?
(1). Binary fission
(2). Conjugation
(3). Budding
(4). Formation of asexual spores
What process do bacteria generally use for reproduction?
Meiosis
Mitosis
Conjugation
Binary fission
How do microorganisms synthesize lipids?
From glucose molecules
From amino acid molecules
From glucose and fatty acids
From glycerol and fatty acids
What allows some microorganisms to synthesize organic compounds from inorganic substances?
Chemical energy
Physical energy
Light energy
Human intervention
What is the purpose of heterotrophic microorganisms breaking down organic compounds?
To obtain raw materials for their life activities
To remove excess organic substances to clean the environment
To create high-nutritional value foods for humans
To produce minerals that improve soil quality
In the statements below, how many are correct regarding the process of breaking down carbohydrates in microorganisms?
1. The process of breaking down carbohydrate compounds occurs inside the microorganisms' bodies
2. The process of breaking down carbohydrate compounds uses enzymes secreted by microorganisms
3. The final product of the carbohydrate breakdown process in microorganisms is glucose
4. Monosaccharides are absorbed and broken down by microorganisms through aerobic, anaerobic pathways or fermentation
From the following products, how many are products of the fermentation process?
Alcohol
Yogurt
Fish sauce
Fermented fruit juice
Among the products listed, how many products are from the fermentation process of alcohol?
1
2
3
4
The structure of a virus consists of?
protein coat and ARMN
protein coat, nucleic acid and may have an outer coat
protein coat and DNA
protein coat, RNA and may have an outer coat
Which of the following statements is true about the genetic material of viruses?
Can only be DNA, single or double strand
Can only be RNA, single or double strand
Can be DNA or RNA, single or double strand
Can be double-stranded DNA or single-stranded RNA
Which of the following characteristics is NOT true about viruses?
They are extremely small (about 20 - 300 nm)
They have a cellular structure although very simple
Their genetic material is DNA or RNA
They can only replicate inside host cells
The order of stages in the replication process of a virus is?
penetration -> absorption -> synthesis -> assembly -> release
penetration -> absorption -> assembly -> synthesis -> release
absorption -> penetration -> assembly -> synthesis -> release
attachment (absorption) -> penetration -> synthesis -> assembly -> release
Why must viruses parasitize intracellularly to replicate?
Because the nucleic acid of the virus is short and cannot replicate itself.
Because viruses have a simple structure and lack a self-replication machinery, they must rely on the host cell's synthesis machinery.
To save energy for replication, focusing energy on other life activities.
Because outside the environment, viruses will be destroyed by adverse factors.
