study of substances that interact with the living systems through chemical processes, by binding to regulatory molecules & activating or inhibiting normal body processes

compilation of the package insert information from drugs used in this country, along with some drug advertising

proprietary name ; registered trademark owned by that specific manufacturer that developed it

chemicals that are produced by companies involved solely in the manufacturing of drugs

have specific information that identifies a specific drug

for drug information

name that reflects the chemical structure of a drug

drugs that have been discovered but are not financially viable and therefore have not been "adopted" by any drug company because they have limited market or a narrow margin of safety

branch of pharmaceutical that uses drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose disease ; addresses two key concerns: the drug's effects on the body, and the body's response to the drug

an agency responsible for the regulation and enforcement of drug evaluation and distribution policies

contains all of the chemical and study information that led to the drug's approval

products that are available without prescription for self-treatment of a variety of complaints

used to treat cardiac disorders

used for sedation are still derived from plants

contains the active ingredient delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol found in marijuana ; helps to prevent nausea and vomiting in cancer patients

receptor in the cell nucleus ; activation through transcription

narrow margin of safety

margin of safety ; the dose of the drug required to produce a desired effect to that which produces undesired effects

drug spans the cell membrane and opens the channel allowing ions to flow into and out of the cell (Na and Ca)

as the concentration of a drug increases, its pharmacologic effect also gradually increases until all receptors are occupied and further increase in dose no further increase its effect

wide margin of safety

More severe than side effects and are always undesirable

drugs bind onto a cell surface

interactions between the chemical components of living systems and the foreign chemicals, including drugs, that enter those systems

drug toxicity (dangerous) ; when the drug exceeds the therapeutic range or drug accumulation ; are not acceptable adverse effects but are potentially serious reactions to a drug

certain pharmacological effects which can not be quantified but can only be said to be present or absent (all or none)

the relationship between the minimal vs. the maximal amount of drug dose needed to produce the desired drug response

G-protein binds w/ GTP → enzyme or ion channel

drugs that simulate or blocks the cholinergic receptors and affects all anatomic sites of location

are physiologic effects not related to desired drug effects (desirable/undesirable)

more toxic

the highest plasma concentration of drug at a specific time

drugs that block a response

a large initial dose to achieve a rapid minimum effective concentration in the plasma

drugs that produce a response

occurs when the drug reaches its highest blood or plasma concentration

the length of time the drug has a pharmacologic effect

drugs acting on different receptors

less toxic

conc. of the drug in the plasma should be between the minimum effective concentration and the minimum toxic conc. (toxic effect)

the time it takes to reach the minimum effective concentration (MEC) after the drug is administered