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What is Hematology?

Total questions: 95

Worksheet time: 48mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

What does hematology primarily study?

a)

Cellular elements of blood

b)

Bones and joints

c)

Digestive enzymes

d)

Nervous system functions

2.

Fill in the blank: Hematology is the study of blood and blood-forming organs, primarily the ________ of blood.

a)

cellular elements

b)

plasma proteins

c)

hormonal levels

d)

immune responses

3.

Which of the following is NOT a cellular element of blood?

a)

Leukocytes

b)

Platelets

c)

Erythrocytes

d)

Neurons

4.

Which of the following is included in the study of hematology?

a)

Normal and abnormal development

b)

Physiology

c)

Reaction to disease

d)

All of the above

5.

Name any one cellular element of blood mentioned in the passage.

a)

Leukocytes

b)

Plasma

c)

Serum

d)

Lymph

6.

What is one of the main functions of blood?

a)

Transportation

b)

Digestion

c)

Respiration

d)

Excretion

7.

Fill in the blank: Blood helps in the transportation of ______ and carbon dioxide.

a)

oxygen

b)

glucose

c)

nitrogen

d)

calcium

8.

Which of the following is NOT transported by blood?

a)

Nutrients

b)

Vitamins

c)

Light

d)

Electrolytes

9.

Blood helps regulate which of the following?

a)

Heat

b)

pH

c)

Both A and B

d)

None of the above

10.

Blood is part of the immune system and coagulation system.

a)

True

b)

False

11.

One waste product transported by blood is:

a)

Carbon dioxide

b)

Oxygen

c)

Glucose

d)

Insulin

12.

The normal adult has about _____ of blood.

a)

6 L

b)

3 L

c)

9 L

d)

12 L

13.

What percentage of total body weight does blood make up in a normal adult?

a)

Approx. 7–8%

b)

Approx. 2–3%

c)

Approx. 15–16%

d)

Approx. 20–22%

14.

Whole blood is made up of which two main components?

a)

Plasma and cellular elements

b)

Serum and lymphocytes

c)

Platelets and antibodies

d)

Red blood cells and white blood cells only

15.

What is the liquid component of blood called?

a)

Plasma

b)

Hemoglobin

c)

Platelets

d)

Red blood cells

16.

What percentage of the blood volume is made up by plasma?

a)

~55%

b)

~10%

c)

~80%

d)

~35%

17.

What percentage of the blood volume is made up by cellular elements?

a)

~45%

b)

~25%

c)

~60%

d)

~10%

18.

Identify the labeled components in the diagram.

a)

Red blood cells, white blood cell, platelets, plasma, blood vessel (as labeled in the diagram)

b)

Nerve cells, muscle fibers, tendons, ligaments, artery (as labeled in the diagram)

c)

Lymph nodes, cartilage, bone marrow, veins, capillary (as labeled in the diagram)

d)

Skin cells, fat cells, sweat glands, hair follicle, artery (as labeled in the diagram)

19.

According to the diagram, what percentage of blood is made up of plasma?

a)

45%

b)

55%

c)

<1%

d)

100%

20.

Fill in the blank: The buffy coat in blood consists of ________ and platelets.

a)

white blood cells

b)

red blood cells

c)

plasma proteins

d)

antibodies

21.

Which of the following is NOT a component of plasma according to the diagram?

a)

Salts/Minerals

b)

Water

c)

Proteins

d)

Red blood cells

22.

Fill in the blank: Red blood cells make up ________ percent of blood volume according to the diagram.

a)

45%

b)

25%

c)

60%

d)

10%

23.

What is the main function of plasma in the blood?

a)

Acts as a transport medium

b)

Provides immunity

c)

Clots blood

d)

Carries oxygen

24.

What percentage of plasma is water?

a)

50%

b)

70%

c)

>90%

d)

30%

25.

Fill in the blank: Plasma contains approximately ___% protein.

a)

8

b)

2

c)

15

d)

25

26.

Which of the following proteins are found in plasma?

a)

Albumin

b)

Immunoglobulins

c)

Coagulation proteins/factors

d)

All of the above

27.

Plasma contains about 2% of other substances. Which of the following are two types of these substances?

a)

Proteins and nutrients

b)

Red blood cells and platelets

c)

Oxygen and carbon dioxide

d)

Hormones and white blood cells

28.

Label the parts of the blood shown in the diagram:

a)

Top layer: Plasma; Middle layer: White Blood Cells and Platelets; Bottom layer: Red Blood Cells

b)

Top layer: Red Blood Cells; Middle layer: Plasma; Bottom layer: White Blood Cells and Platelets

c)

Top layer: White Blood Cells and Platelets; Middle layer: Red Blood Cells; Bottom layer: Plasma

d)

Top layer: Platelets; Middle layer: Plasma; Bottom layer: White Blood Cells

29.

What are the main cellular components discussed in the passage?

a)

Red blood cells (RBCs)/Erythrocytes and Platelets/Thrombocytes

b)

White blood cells and Plasma

c)

Neurons and Muscle cells

d)

Bone cells and Cartilage cells

30.

Red blood cells (RBCs) are ________ cells that contain hemoglobin (Hb).

a)

anucleated

b)

nucleated

c)

binucleated

d)

multinucleated

31.

What is the main function of hemoglobin (Hb) in red blood cells?

a)

Clotting blood

b)

Transporting oxygen and facilitating the transport of carbon dioxide

c)

Producing antibodies

d)

Digesting nutrients

32.

Platelets/Thrombocytes are fragments of cytoplasm from ________ found in bone marrow.

a)

megakaryocytes

b)

erythrocytes

c)

leukocytes

d)

osteocytes

33.

What is the primary function of platelets/thrombocytes?

a)

Transporting oxygen

b)

Forming blood clots

c)

Producing hormones

d)

Fighting infections

34.

Which of the following is NOT one of the five major types of white blood cells (WBCs) distinguished in a blood smear?

a)

Neutrophils

b)

Eosinophils

c)

Basophils

d)

Platelets

e)

Monocytes

35.

Fill in the blank: The first type of white blood cell to react in the immune response is _________.

a)

Neutrophils

b)

Lymphocytes

c)

Eosinophils

d)

Basophils

36.

Which white blood cell is involved in allergic response and also helps kill parasites and cancer cells?

a)

Neutrophils

b)

Eosinophils

c)

Basophils

d)

Monocytes

37.

Lymphocytes help fight viruses and make antibodies.

a)

True

b)

False

38.

Which type of white blood cell is responsible for cleaning up damaged cells?

a)

Neutrophils

b)

Monocytes

c)

Basophils

d)

Lymphocytes

39.

Blood tests typically require whole blood, plasma or serum. Plasma or whole blood require an anticoagulant or blood will coagulate in _________?

a)

15 minutes

b)

2 hours

c)

1 day

d)

30 seconds

40.

After coagulation, the liquid is called ________.

a)

serum

b)

plasma

c)

lymph

d)

water

41.

__________ are absent in serum after coagulation.

a)

Clotting factors

b)

Antibodies

c)

Enzymes

d)

Hormones

42.

For quantitative HIV viral load testing using the Aptima HIV-1 Quant Dx Assay, which sample type must be used?

a)

Plasma

b)

Serum

c)

Either plasma or serum

d)

Whole blood

43.

For qualitative HIV testing to detect the presence of HIV using the Aptima HIV-1 Quant Dx Assay, you can use _________.

a)

plasma or serum

b)

whole blood

c)

urine

d)

saliva

44.

Which BD Vacutainer® tube color is used for Coagulation testing?

a)

Blue

b)

Gold

c)

Red

d)

Green

45.

Which additive is present in the Gold BD Vacutainer® tube?

a)

Sodium Citrate

b)

Clot activator and gel for serum separation

c)

Lithium Heparin

d)

Spray coated K2EDTA

46.

How many inversions are required for the Blue BD Vacutainer® tube?

a)

3-4

b)

5

c)

8

d)

10

47.

Which primary testing disciplines use the Lavender BD Vacutainer® tube?

a)

Coagulation

b)

Hematology and Cytogenetics

c)

Chemistry

d)

Flow Cytometry

48.

The Green BD Vacutainer® tube with Sodium Heparin (no gel) is used for which primary testing disciplines?

a)

Flow Cytometry and Cytogenetics

b)

Coagulation

c)

Chemistry

d)

Transfusion Services

49.

Which BD Vacutainer® tube color is used for Transfusion Services?

a)

Pink

b)

Blue

c)

Gold

d)

Gray

50.

Which additive is present in the Gray BD Vacutainer® tube?

a)

Sodium Fluoride / K+ Oxalate

b)

Sodium Citrate

c)

Clot activator

d)

Lithium Heparin

51.

The Gold BD Vacutainer® tube is primarily used for which testing disciplines?

a)

Chemistry, Immunochemistry, Some TDMs

b)

Coagulation

c)

Flow Cytometry

d)

Transfusion Services

52.

Heparin interfere with ______ test.

a)

plateletes

b)

glucose

c)

bilirubin

d)

cholesterol

53.

What does Hct stand for in the context of blood analysis?

a)

Hemoglobin concentration

b)

Percentage of RBC in blood

c)

Platelet count

d)

White blood cell count

54.

Fill in the blank: The hematocrit is the percentage of the blood volume that is _________.

a)

red blood cells

b)

white blood cells

c)

plasma proteins

d)

platelets

55.

According to the diagram, which component forms the buffy coat in a hematocrit tube?

a)

Plasma

b)

Red blood cells

c)

White blood cells and platelets

d)

Hemoglobin

56.

Fill in the blank: The normal hematocrit for a male lies in the range of _______ of the total blood volume.

a)

40–52%

b)

30–38%

c)

55–65%

d)

20–29%

57.

Fill in the blank: The normal hematocrit for a female lies in the range of _______ of the total blood volume.

a)

38–48%

b)

28–38%

c)

48–58%

d)

18–28%

58.

Refer to the diagram showing a hematocrit tube with percentage markings. What is the hematocrit (Hct) value?

a)

45%

b)

30%

c)

55%

d)

38%

59.

What is anemia?

a)

A) A disorder characterized by an increase in hemoglobin or erythrocytes

b)

B) A disorder characterized by a decrease in hemoglobin or erythrocytes

c)

C) A disorder characterized by an increase in white blood cells

d)

D) A disorder characterized by a decrease in platelets

60.

Fill in the blank: Hypoxia is defined as __________ tissue oxygenation.

a)

inadequate

b)

excessive

c)

normal

d)

optimal

61.

Erythrocytosis/Polycythemia is characterized by:

a)

Excess number of erythrocytes

b)

Decreased number of erythrocytes

c)

Excess number of platelets

d)

Decreased number of white blood cells

62.

Does erythrocytosis/polycythemia have an adverse effect on pulmonary gas exchange?

a)

Yes

b)

No

63.

Based on the diagram, which blood disorder is associated with a depressed hematocrit percentage?

a)

Normal blood

b)

Anemia

c)

Polycythemia

64.

Romanowsky-type stains are used for the differentiation of blood cells and parasites primarily in blood and bone marrow. Fill in the blank: Their main purpose is to ________.

a)

Differentiate parasites and blood cells

b)

Stain connective tissue fibers

c)

Detect bacterial spores

d)

Identify fungal hyphae

65.

Romanowsky-type stains have main components. Fill in the blank: Eosin and ________ are the main components.

a)

polychromed methylene blue

b)

crystal violet

c)

safranin

d)

hematoxylin

66.

Romanowsky effect: the different ________ that allow for the differentiation of cellular components.

a)

Shades of purple

b)

Types of enzymes

c)

Levels of acidity

d)

Sizes of nuclei

67.

What color are Romanowsky-type Eosin dyes?

a)

Blue-green dyes

b)

Red-pink dyes

c)

Yellow dyes

d)

Purple dyes

68.

Eosin is an acidic (anionic) dye that binds to ________ regions of the cell.

a)

positive

b)

negative

c)

neutral

d)

hydrophobic

69.

What is the most common dye among Romanowsky-type stains?

a)

Eosin Y

b)

Methylene blue

c)

Crystal violet

d)

Safranin

70.

Romanowsky-type stains: Methylene blue (MB) is a basic (cationic) dye that binds to __________ regions of the cell.

a)

negative

b)

positive

c)

neutral

d)

hydrophobic

71.

Romanowsky-type stains: What color dye is methylene blue (MB)?

a)

Red

b)

Blue

c)

Green

d)

Yellow

72.

Polychromed methylene blue is produced when MB undergoes ________ demethylation.

a)

oxidative

b)

reductive

c)

photolytic

d)

thermal

73.

What is critical for the Romanowsky effect?

a)

Polychromed methylene blue

b)

Eosin Y

c)

Crystal violet

d)

Safranin

74.

The most important compound in polychromed methylene blue is:

a)

Azure A

b)

Azure B

c)

Methylene blue

d)

Crystal violet

75.

Romanowsky used ________ methylene blue to produce polychromed methylene blue.

a)

aged

b)

fresh

c)

diluted

d)

heated

76.

Which stain is best for detecting blood parasites?

a)

Wright Stain

b)

Giemsa Stain

c)

Wright-Giemsa Stain

d)

None of the above

77.

Which stain is best for WBC differentiation?

a)

Wright Stain

b)

Giemsa Stain

c)

Wright-Giemsa Stain

d)

None of the above

78.

What is the diluent used in both Giemsa and Wright stains?

a)

Methanol

b)

Ethanol

c)

Acetone

d)

Water

79.

Name one property of the Wright-Giemsa stain.

a)

Brighter or Versatile

b)

Non-staining

c)

Corrosive

d)

Odorless

80.

Which stain uses Azure B, methanol, and eosin Y as its components?

a)

Giemsa Stain

b)

Gram Stain

c)

Wright's Stain

d)

Ziehl-Neelsen Stain

81.

Which type of cell has a pink cytoplasm and no nucleus or granules?

a)

Neutrophil

b)

Erythrocyte

c)

Monocyte

d)

Basophil

82.

Which cell type has a purple-blue nucleus and lilac granules?

a)

Neutrophil

b)

Eosinophil

c)

Basophil

d)

Lymphocyte

83.

Fill in the blank: The cytoplasm of an eosinophil is _________.

a)

Colorless-Light blue

b)

Dark purple

c)

Bright red

d)

Pale yellow

84.

Which cell type has purple-blue to black granules and a purple-blue nucleus?

a)

Basophil

b)

Monocyte

c)

Thrombocyte

d)

Eosinophil

85.

Which cell type is identified by a blue cytoplasm and a purple-blue nucleus?

a)

Lymphocyte

b)

Eosinophil

c)

Neutrophil

d)

Basophil

86.

Fill in the blank: The granules of a thrombocyte are _________

a)

Red-Purple

b)

Blue-Green

c)

Yellow-Orange

d)

Colorless

87.

Which cell type is labeled as having a 'fine lilac' granule appearance and a pale blue-purple nucleus?

a)

Monocyte

b)

Basophil

c)

Eosinophil

d)

Neutrophil

88.

Which cell type is shown in the image labeled 'monocyte'?

a)

Monocyte

b)

Lymphocyte

c)

Basophil

d)

Platelet

89.

What is the name of the stain commonly used for blood smears, as indicated by the title and the image of blood collection tubes?

a)

Gram Stain

b)

Wright-Giemsa Stain

c)

Acid-Fast Stain

d)

Hematoxylin and Eosin Stain

90.

According to the Wright-Giemsa Stain Overview, what is the purpose of creating a thin blood smear?

a)

To create a monolayer near the feathered edge

b)

To fix with methanol

c)

To stain the blood cells

d)

To remove plasma

91.

According to the Wright-Giemsa Stain Overview, what chemical is used to fix the blood smear?

a)

Methanol

b)

Ethanol

c)

Acetone

d)

Formalin

92.

Refer to the labeled diagram in the Wright-Giemsa Stain Overview. Which part of the blood smear is closest to the feathered edge?

a)

Application point

b)

Body

c)

Monolayer

d)

Feathered edge

93.

Look at the blood smear slides shown in the image. Which slide represents Polycythemia?

a)

Left slide

b)

Middle slide

c)

Right slide

94.

Look at the blood smear slides shown in the image. Which slide represents Anemia?

a)

Left slide

b)

Middle slide

c)

Right slide

95.

The middle slide in the image represents the ________ blood smear condition.

a)

Normal

b)

Anemia

c)

Leukemia

d)

Malaria

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