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5.13 A-Animal Adaptations and Functions

Total questions: 155

Worksheet time: 6hrs 12mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Some plants grow on land while others grow in water. Whether they are on land or on water, they have adaptations to help them make food. Water plants have structures on the tops of their floating leaves that would best help them–

a)

take in water.

b)

absorb sunlight.

c)

hide from predators.

d)

provide shelter for fish.

2.

A frog has structures that help it meet its needs. What structure of a frog has the function of helping the frog catch and eat food?

a)

Croaking sound

b)

Webbed back feet

c)

Moist skin

d)

Sticky tongue

3.

Students in a science class were investigating structures and functions that help animals survive in their

environments. The following is information that the students collected to share with their classmates.

Which student included information about both the structures and functions of organisms in their

research?

a)

Frogs can jump really far. They live near the water and can catch insects. I like to catch frogs

in the summer.

b)

Bears have large, strong legs that help them move large objects and climb trees. They have

large paws and strong claws to help them get many different food sources and a thick coat

of fat under their fur to keep them warm.

c)

Birds have wings. Birds have beaks, but sometimes the beaks look different. Birds build

nests in trees, and they have feathers. Many birds have differently colored feathers and are

beautiful to look at.

d)

Snakes can slither. They can live in almost any environment. Snakes can be venomous or

nonvenomous. I am scared of snakes.

4.

Which of these functions would NOT be an advantage in a hot, dry desert climate?

a)

Being active at night

b)

Getting water from plants

c)

Hunting other animals during the day

d)

Digging burrows underground

5.

These plants live in similar environments. They both have adaptations, or structures, that help them survive. Which of the following best explains how their differences help them in their environments?

a)


Bromeliad leaves use their tank structure to create food from the water they collect. Fern leaves have a waxy coating that keeps predators from eating them.

b)

Bromeliad leaves have a tank structure that holds water in between the tightly packed leaves because they do not have a large root system. Fern leaves have a waxy coating that helps keep them from losing water in a dry climate.

c)

The sharp ends of the bromeliad leaves keep them anchored into the soil and can act like roots. Fern leaves are rough on one side and smooth on the other so that they feel nice when a human touches them.

d)

The tank structure of bromeliad leaves helps keep them from blowing over when storms move through an area. Fern leaves have the ability to close up at night so that predators leave them alone.

6.

This table lists structures and functions of organisms that live in the same environment.

Which of these describes the ecosystem in which these organisms live? Select two correct answers.

a)

Mountainous terrain

b)

Coastal area near the ocean

c)

tropical climate

d)

Cold climate

7.

The image lists either structures or functions that help organisms adapt to their environments.

Identify whether the image refers to structures or functions.

a)

Structures

b)

Functions

8.

The image lists either structures or functions that help organisms adapt to their environments.

Identify whether the image refers to structures or functions.

a)

Structures

b)

Functions

9.

Using the information in the scientist’s observations, what does Bird A’s diet probably consist of?

a)

Nuts and seeds

b)

Grasses and weeds

c)

Small animals

d)

Bacteria and fungi

10.

Which structure of Bird A most helps it obtain its food source?

a)

Large, sharp claws

b)

Curled feet

c)

Curved, sharp beak

d)

Brown feathers

11.

All organisms have unique features on or in their bodies that allow them to survive in their environment.

What are these unique adaptation features called?

(a)  

12.

A bison's fur is designed to survive both cold and warm temperatures by changing its thickness and density. Which structure in the bison functions to help it survive from cold to warm conditions?

4 lines
13.

an arrangement of parts

a)

structure

b)

environment

c)

function

d)

camouflage

14.

what something does

a)

function

b)

environment

c)

prey

d)

predator

15.

an organism that hunts and feeds on another animal

a)

predator

b)

prey

c)

organism

d)

environment

16.

an animal that is hunted as food

a)

prey

b)

predator

c)

camouflage

d)

organism

17.

features that help identify something

a)

characteristics

b)

camouflage

c)

environment

d)

organism

18.

coloring or other physical characteristics that help an organism to blend in with its surroundings

a)

camouflage

b)

environment

c)

predator

d)

function

19.

the space, conditions, and all the living and nonliving things around an organism

a)

environment

b)

camouflage

c)

function

d)

organism

20.

a single living thing

a)

prey

b)

predator

c)

organism

d)

environment

21.

YOU are an organism

a)

true

b)

false

22.

Your environment is where you LIVE.

a)

true

b)

false

23.

YOU can camouflage naturally.

a)

true

b)

false

24.

Your desk is an organism.

a)

true

b)

false

25.

when an organism uses trick coloration to avoid predation

a)

mimicry

b)

markers

c)

camouflage

26.

to continue to live/exist despite of danger

a)

survive

b)

camouflage

c)

mimicry

27.

characteristics passed from parent to offspring

a)

inherited traits

b)

learned behavior

c)

camouflage

d)

environment

28.

behaviors acquired by an organisms interactions with its environment/parents

a)

learned behaviors

b)

inherited traits

c)

inherited behaviors

d)

mimicry

29.

a living organism that is made when a plant/animal reproduces

a)

offspring

b)

inherited traits

c)

rocks

d)

environment

30.

When an animal blends in with its surroundings, it's using ______

a)

Mimicry

b)

Camouflage

c)

Compression

d)

Carnivore

31.

The flat teeth of an antelope are teeth used for eating ___________________.

a)

Grass

b)

Wood

c)

Bugs

d)

Large animals

32.

Which item is not an adaptation for a lion to get food?

a)

Sharp teeth

b)

Sharp claws

c)

Fluffy tail

d)

Sense of smell

33.

A turtle's shell helps him

a)

For swimming

b)

For eating

c)

For protection

34.
The spotted fur of a leopard and spotted skin of a leopard gecko are shown in the photographs below. 
How do these body coverings help organisms in their environments?
a)
They help organisms find food.
b)
They help organisms look like another animal in its environment.
c)
They help organisms eat food quickly.
d)
They help organisms blend into their surroundings. 
35.

Colorful flowers with a sweet smell help some plants meet their needs in their habitat because they will be better able to -

a)

Attract insects

b)

Collect sunlight

c)

Survive the cold

d)

Absorb rainwater

36.

A snowshoe hare has many structural adaptations that help it survive in its environment.

Which adaptation of the snowshoe hare provides warmth and camouflage in its cold and snowy environment?

a)

Long, flexible ears

b)

Large, brown eyes

c)

Thick, white fur

d)

Wide, strong feet

37.

Tigers are excellent predators. To survive, they hunt and eat other animals in their environment.


All of the following characteristics of a tiger help it to be an effective predator EXCEPT -

a)

Sharp teeth and claws

b)

A thick coat of fur

c)

Powerful jaws and limbs

d)

Good eyesight and hearing

38.

How does a grasshopper's green color help it to survive on the prairie? The green color helps the grasshopper -

a)

Locate its sources of food

b)

Avoid being seen in its habitat

c)

Gain energy when in sunlight

d)

Make its own food

39.

Which of the following is an example of behavioral adaptation in Canada Geese?

a)

Shape of the beak

b)

Shape of the feet

c)

Body movement in water

d)

Migration towards south

40.

How does the giraffes long neck help it survive in the African grasslands? This structure functions to help the giraffe

a)

Run very quickly

b)

Reach tree branches

c)

Drink from ponds

d)

Hide from predators

41.

The bright, red color of the male cardinal is a structure that helps it -

a)

Hide from predators

b)

Find the food it eats

c)

Absorb sunlight for warmth

d)

Look attractive to females

42.

Why might some plants have thorns?

a)

To protect themselves

b)

To look pretty

c)

To take in nutrients

d)

To provide shade for the plant

43.

An animal has webbed feet. It’s eyes, ears, and nose are on top of its head. What kind of habitat do you think this animal lives in?

a)

The habitat has water

b)

The habitat is dry

c)

The habitat is very windy

d)

The habitat has little or no light

44.

Animals such as elephants and walruses have tusks. How to tusks help the animal?

a)

Tusks help them swim

b)

Tusks help them camouflage

c)

Tusks look pretty to other animals

d)

Tusks protect the animal when fighting

45.

What do roots do for a plant?

a)

Absorb water and nutrients from the soil

b)

Make food for the plant using photosynthesis

c)

Hold the plant up to the light

d)

Protect the seeds

46.

What does the stem do for a plant?

a)

Keep the plant in the ground

b)

Make food for the plant using sunlight

c)

Hold the leaves up to the sunlight

d)

Attract pollinators

47.

What does a leaf do for a plant?

a)

Absorb water and nutrients.

b)

Make food using a process called photosynthesis

c)

Protect the seeds

d)

Allow water and nutrients to travel all through the plant

48.

What does a flower do for a plant?

a)

Make energy for the plant using the sun's energy

b)

Let water and nutrients flow to all parts of the plant

c)

Protect the seeds

d)

Attract pollinators so it can reproduce

49.

What does fruit do for a plant?

a)

Hold the plant in place so it doesn't fall over

b)

Store sugar for the plant

c)

Hold the leaves up to the light

d)

Attract pollinators

50.

What does a seed do for a plant?

a)

Feed a tiny baby plant until it can make its own food

b)

Breathe for the plant

c)

Allow water and nutrients to travel through the plant

d)

Make energy for the plant using photosynthesis

51.

What does the seed do for a plant?

a)

Absorb water and nutrients from the soil

b)

Hold the leaves up to the sun

c)

Protect the tiny baby plant until it grows a little bigger

d)

Hold leaves up to the sun

52.

What does the fruit do for the plant?

a)

Feed the tiny plant until it can make its own food

b)

Absorb water and nutrients from the soil

c)

Hold the leaves up to the light

d)

Attract pollinators

53.

What does the flower do for the plant?

a)

Protect the new tiny baby plant

b)

Holds the plant in place so it doesn't get blown away

c)

Makes food for the plant using the sun's energy

d)

It becomes the fruit

54.

What does a leaf do for the plant?

a)

Absorb water and nutrients from the soil

b)

Attract pollinators

c)

Allow nutrients and water to travel all through the plant

d)

Breathe

55.

What does the stem do for a plant?

a)

Make food for the plant using the sun's energy

b)

Allow water and nutrients to flow through the plant

c)

Breathe for the plant

d)

Attract pollinators

56.

What do roots do for a plant?

a)

Keep the plant in place so it doesn't come out of the ground

b)

Hold the leaves up to the sun

c)

Store sugar for the plant

d)

Breathe

57.
Some animals, such as birds, have beaks, while other animals, like horses, have large mouths with flat teeth.
The difference in these structures is most closely related to -- 
a)
the sounds the animals make.
b)
the habitat the animals live in.
c)
the type of offspring they have.
d)
the types of food these animals eat.
58.
All of the following adaptations help plants, like the cactus, survive in the hot, dry conditions of a desert EXCEPT –
a)
growing tall over many years
b)
a thick, waxy outer covering
c)
the ability to store water
d)
spines to protect from animals
59.

Which of the following statements correctly describes the structure that helps this animal survive in its environment?

a)

thick layer of blubber

b)

big furry ears

c)

a transparent eyelid

d)

the ability to change colors with the seasons

60.

Which of the following statements is correct?

a)

A giraffe has long legs to reach watering holes easily.

b)

A giraffe has a long tail to help guide him when he runs.

c)

A giraffe has a long tongue to reach the leaves of tall trees.

d)

A giraffe has a long mane down its neck to help it run faster.

61.

Which of these structures helps a shark find its prey?

a)

tough skin

b)

an extremely strong sense of smell

c)

fins

d)

three rows of sharp teeth

62.
Why might some plants have thorns?
a)
to stay safe from animals that want to eat the plant
b)
to attract insects that spread pollen to other plants
c)
to take in nutrients from the air
d)
to provide shade for the plant
63.
Which of the following describes an adaptation of a lizard that helps it survive in its environment?
a)
A lizard has two sets of lips to help it retain water.
b)
A lizard has extra big feet to spread out the heat from the ground.
c)
A lizard has gills to breathe underwater when it floods.
d)
A lizard has a tail that breaks off so it can run away when grabbed by a predator.
64.
The spotted fur of a leopard and spotted skin of a leopard gecko are shown in the photographs below. 
How do these body coverings help organisms in their environments?
a)
They help organisms find food.
b)
They help organisms look like another animal in its environment.
c)
They help organisms eat food quickly.
d)
They help organisms blend into their surroundings. 
65.
What is one possible reason for seeds to have hooks or barbs?
a)
to stay warm during the winter
b)
to protect themselves from sunlight
c)
to get attached to passing animals and get carried away
d)
to be easier for animals to eat them
66.

Which structural adaptation allows the penguin to stay warm when diving in icy water?

a)

The beak

b)

The feathers

c)

The flippers

d)

The webbed feet

67.

Which item is not an adaptation for a lion to get food?

a)

Sharp teeth

b)

Sharp claws

c)

Fluffy tail

d)

Sense of smell

68.

Aquatic plants have structures that help them live in water. Which structure would help this type of plant survive?

a)

short stems

b)

deep roots

c)

floating leaves

d)

brightly colored flowers

69.
1. A ptarmigan’s feathers change from brown in the summer to white in the winter. An Arctic hare’s fur changes from brown or gray in the summer to white in the winter. In which environment are animals with this adaptation best suited?
a)
Tundra
b)
Rainforest
c)
Desert
d)
Ocean
70.
2. The barrel cactus can expand and contract similar to a balloon! During rain, the barrel cactus’s volume increases to store water. As they use up the water, their volume decreases. When it rains again, the cactus expands. What characteristic of the environment does the adaptation described help the barrel cactus adapt to?
a)
Flooding
b)
Icy conditions
c)
Strong winds
d)
Drought
71.
3. Which organism is a vertebrate, an organism with a spine?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
72.
4. The Jackson’s chameleon is an insect-eating reptile that lives in mountain forests. Unlike most other chameleons, female Jackson’s chameleons give birth to their babies. The babies are born brown but turn green. Males have three horns. Females have no horns. All Jackson’s chameleons have a curled prehensile tail. What characteristic of the Jackson’s chameleon is used by a male to defend its territory?
a)
Its prehensile tail
b)
Giving live birth
c)
Its 3 horns
d)
Coloring changing from brown to green
73.
5. Which animal’s tusks are most likely used to help them climb out from water onto the ice?
a)
Walrus
b)
Elephant
c)
Narwhal
d)
Wild pig
74.
6. Sugar gliders are marsupials from Australia that have a built in parachute. While these creatures can’t actually fly, they can glide as they leap from tree to tree. To glide, they use flaps of skin that are connected to the front and hind legs. Which organism’s structure has a similar function as the sugar glider’s skin flaps?
a)
A bird with wings that flap to move through the air
b)
A snake that can flatten its body to drop from higher trees to lower trees
c)
A raccoon that uses its sharp claws for protection
d)
A squirrel’s rotating hind feet that help it run down a tree
75.
7. Which structure is NOT primarily used for helping an animal sense its environment?
a)
Antennae
b)
Eyes
c)
Whiskers
d)
Antlers
76.
8. The chart describes the white-tailed deer and dama gazelle. What characteristic of the white-tailed deer helps it stay warm in a cold environment?
a)
Hollow hairs
b)
Horns
c)
Hooved feet
d)
Lack of upper teeth
77.
9. Many prairie grasses and aquatic plants have flexible stems. How does this adaptation help these plants survive in different environments?
a)
Flexible stems allow prairie grasses and aquatic plants to attract pollinators.
b)
Flexible stems in prairie grasses reduce the need for strong roots. Flexible stems in aquatic plants reduce the need for sunlight.
c)
Flexible stems in prairie grasses help capture sunlight for photosynthesis. Flexible stems in aquatic plants reduce water loss.
d)
Flexible stems allow prairie grasses to bend and move in the wind and aquatic plants to move with water currents.
78.
10. Both sloths and koalas spend nearly all of their time in trees. Both animals sleep over 15 hours a day! Both are herbivores. Koalas munch exclusively on eucalyptus leaves, while sloths eat a variety of leaves. How do sharp claws help both the koala and sloth survive?
a)
Sharp claws help them capture prey.
b)
Sharp claws help them climb and move through an arboreal environment.
c)
Sharp claws help them dig in the dirt for food.
d)
Sharp claws help them grip the ground when running.
79.
11. Four characteristics of different plants are listed. What is the function of all four characteristics?
a)
Taking in carbon dioxide
b)
Obtaining water
c)
Seed dispersal
d)
Pollination
80.
12. Unlike most mammals, elephant seals spend most of their time underwater. They have large amounts of blubber, nostrils that can remain closed for long periods, large noses in adult males, and whiskers. Which characteristic of the elephant seal helps it sense its environment?
a)
Blubber
b)
Closed nostrils
c)
Large nose
d)
Whiskers
81.
13. Scales are made of keratin, the same material in your hair and fingernails. Most reptiles, such as alligators and snakes, have scales. A pangolin is a scaly-skinned, nocturnal mammal that lives in forests and grasslands. It can curl into ball to protect its body, burrow underground, and climb trees. It is a toothless insectivore that uses its claws to dig up ant and termite mounds for a delicious feast! What is most likely the function of a pangolin’s scales?
a)
Moving easily through water
b)
Digging for insects
c)
Climbing trees
d)
Protection from predators
82.
14. The chart describes some plant adaptations. Based on these adaptations, which of the plants are most likely located in the desert?
a)
Plant X only
b)
Plants W, X, and Y
c)
Plants W and Y
d)
Plants X and Z
83.
15. Four functions of claws are shown in the box. Which table best matches the animal to the function of its claws?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
84.
16. Toads and frogs are both amphibians. While toads spend most of their time on land, frogs spend most of their time in water. Which statement does NOT describe how the body structures help them move in their environments?
a)
Frogs have webbed feet to help them swim.
b)
Toads have long toes for walking.
c)
Toads have wide bodies for floating and swimming.
d)
Frogs have long hind legs for jumping.
85.
17. Sea lions and camels live in very different environments, but both have nostrils that can close. How does this ability help them survive in their unique environments?
a)
In an aquatic environment, this ability helps prevent water from getting in sea lions’ noses. In the sandy desert, this ability prevents sand from getting in camels’ noses.
b)
In a terrestrial environment, this ability helps prevent water from getting in sea lions’ noses. In the aquatic desert, this ability prevents sand from getting in camels’ noses.
c)
In a dry terrestrial environment, this ability helps prevent water from getting in sea lions’ noses. In a sandy terrestrial environment, this ability prevents sand from getting in camels’ noses.
d)
In an arboreal environment, this ability helps prevent water from getting in sea lions’ noses. In the sandy desert, this ability prevents sand from getting in camels’ noses.
86.
18. The chart describes some beak and foot adaptations that help four bird species survive in different habitats. Based on these adaptations, which of the birds most likely live in a forest environment?
a)
Birds W and X
b)
Birds Y and Z
c)
Birds W and Z
d)
Birds X and Y
87.
19. The pictures show two types of trees that can survive cold winters. While these trees grow in similar environments, their leaves have different structures. What differences in the structure of the leaves of these plants help them survive during cold winters?
a)
The thin shape of pine needles help them catch rainwater. The broad shape of oak leaves help them release more water into the atmosphere.
b)
Thin, waxy pine needles limit water loss in the winter and prevent snow buildup. Oak leaves drop during autumn to prevent water loss and snow buildup in winter.
c)
Long, thin pine needles help them avoid sunlight in winter. Thick, broad oak leaves help them catch water in winter.
d)
Thin pine needles attract birds and insects for pollination in cold months. Broad leaves that drop in autumn allow more sunlight to reach the soil.
88.
20. Four flowering plant structures are listed. Which table best matches the plant structure to the function?
a)
A
b)
B
c)
C
d)
D
89.

Both animals have a structure (body part) that serves a function (what it does). Which example has the same structure (body part) that serve the same function?

a)

Both animals have small eyes (structure) to see at night.

b)

Both animals have hard skin (structure) to keep them warm in the snow.

c)

Both animals have long nail (structure) to dig holes.

90.

Both animals have a structure (body part) that serves a function (what it does). Which example has the same structure (body part) that serve the same function?

a)

Both animals have fins (structure) to help them swim.

b)

Both animals have small eyes (structure) to help them see far distances.

c)

Both animals have teeth (structure) to help them catch large prey.

91.

Both animals have a structure (body part) that serves a function (what it does). Which example has the same structure (body part) that serve the same function?

a)

Both animals have legs (structure) to help them swim

b)

Both animals have arms (structure) to help them catch their prey.

c)

Both animals have skin (structure) to keep them warm.

d)

Both animals have whiskers/antennas (structure) to detect their surroundings.

92.

Eagles have talons to catch their prey. Which other animals catches their prey like an eagle?

a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

93.

Both animals have a structure (body part) that serves a function (what it does). Which example has the same structure (body part) that serve the same function?

a)

Both animals have teeth (structure) to help them catch their prey.

b)

Both animals have long feet (structure) to help them jump.

c)

Both animals have fur (structure) so they can swim.

94.

Which animal would have an advantage in an aquatic environment?

a)

The chicken because its feet (structure) are built for swimming.

b)

The chicken because its feathers (structure) are built for flying.

c)

The duck because its webbed feet (structure) are built for swimming.

d)

The duck because it beak (structure) is built for catching its prey.

95.

Which of the following animals has an advantage in a tundra (cold) environment?

a)

The parrot because its feathers (structure) will allow it to camouflage in the snow.

b)

The polar bear because its fur (structure) will allow it to keep warm in the snow.

c)

The snake because its scales will allow it to keep warm in a cold environment.

d)

None of the above.

96.

Some chicks are born with feathers known as down feathers. These feathers allow air to be trapped inside the feathers, which doesn't allow the air to reach their body. What is the purpose of down feathers?

a)

To allow the bird to fly faster.

b)

To provide a layer of warmth for the bird.

c)

To allow the bird to catch its prey.

d)

To allow the bird to breathe better.

97.

What is Mrs. Rodriguez's favorite ice cream?

a)

Rocky Road

b)

Mint Chocolate Chip

c)

Oreo

d)

Butter Pecan

98.

The difference in the shape of these animals' teeth is most closely related to-

a)

The type of organisms the animals consume.

b)

The sounds the animals make.

c)

The habitat the animals live in.

d)

The type of predators the animals have.

99.

Which animal would have an advantage in an aquatic environment?

a)

F

b)

G

c)

H

d)

J

100.

Both animals have a structure (body part) that serves a function (what it does). Which example has the same structure (body part) that serve the same function?

a)

Both animals have sharp teeth (structure) to help them catch their prey.

b)

Both animals have eye (structure) to help them see their prey.

c)

Both animals have tails (structure) to help them swing from branch to branch.

d)

Both animals have fur/scales (structure) to help them hide from their prey/predators.

101.

The table shows characteristics of two different types of birds that live in similar rainforest environments.

Which statement explains an advantage (good thing) of a bone in a macaw's tongue that the hornbill does NOT need?

a)

It helps macaws catch and chew small mammals (like mice) and crustaceans (like shrimp and crabs).

b)

It helps macaws break open and eat tropical fruits and nuts.

c)

It helps macaws make large holes in trees to reach insects to eat.

d)

It helps macaws swallow whole prey (food).

102.

The tallest trees in a rainforest are removed for lumber. This increases the amount of light on the forest floor. The table shows information about fungi and ferns that grow on the forest floor.

Which statement explains why one organism is better adapted to the removal of tall trees? (Which statement says why one of the organisms will do better when tall trees are removed?)

a)

The fungi are better adapted because they have spores that grow better in the dark.

b)

The ferns are better adapted because they have a strong root system.

c)

The fungi are better adapted because they can get energy from decaying trees.

d)

The ferns are better adapted because they can get energy from the sun.

103.

The foot of a hawk and the foot of a chicken are shown. The difference between the shapes of their feet is most likely associated with the -

a)

predators that hunt the hawks and the chickens

b)

climate in which the hawks and chickens live

c)

way the hawks and chickens get their food

d)

distance the hawks and chickens can fly

104.

Butterflies have very long, tube-like tongues. Hummingbirds have very long tongues.

Which statement best describes why butterflies and hummingbirds both have long tongues?

a)

Butterflies and hummingbirds both migrate.

b)

Butterflies and hummingbirds are attracted to brightly colored flowers.

c)

Butterflies and hummingbirds eat the same food.

d)

Butterflies and hummingbirds have the same predators.

105.

After a trip to an aquarium, some students compared the tail fin of sharks with the tail fin of bony fish. The students made a chart listing characteristics of each type of tail fin. Based on this information, what is most likely an advantage (good thing) of the bony fish tail fin over the shark tail fin?

a)

It is easier for a bony fish to change direction quickly since muscles control the movement of the tail fin.

b)

The bones in the tail fin help a bony fish sink to lower depths in the water when searching for food.

c)

The flexible tail fin is fanned by the water, so a bony fish uses less energy to swim.

d)

The thin spines of the tail fin prevent a bony fish from being seen by larger predator (hunter) fish.

106.

The leaves of two types of plants that live in different environments are shown in the pictures. The leaves of both plants have different structures (forms). What difference in the structure of the leaves of these plants likely helps them survive in their environment?

a)

The pan-like shape of the water lily leaves helps them catch rainwater. The slim shape of the mesquite leaves helps them avoid sunlight.

b)

The broad shape of the water lily leaves helps them stay on the water surface. The slim shape of the mesquite leaves helps them prevent water loss.

c)

The pan-like shape of the water lily leaves helps them attract small fish. The slim shape of the mesquite leaves helps them avoid herbivores (plant eaters).

d)

The broad shape of the water lily leaves helps them attract aquatic birds. The slim shape of the mesquite leaves helps them attract pollinators.

107.

The table gives information about four types of fish. These fish all have mouth structures (parts) that allow them to eat different types of food. Which of these fish has mouth structures (parts) that allow it to eat algae by taking LARGE BITES of the HARD CORAL on which the algae grow?

a)

Parrotfish

b)

Koi

c)

Goby

d)

Seahorse

108.

Newly hatched chicks of many types of birds, such as parrots, are covered in soft, fluffy down feathers. These feathers contain many small spaces where air gets trapped.

In some animal species (types), such as Arctic foxes, the fur covering the animal's body consists of hollow strands of hair filled with air.

The primary (main) role (job) of the air trapped in the down feathers and fur is most likely to -

a)

act as a cushion to prevent injuries from falls

b)

decrease the amount of energy needed for running or flying

c)

provide a layer of insulation to help control body temperature

d)

supply oxygen to be absorbed through the skin for transport to the lungs

109.

The shells of sea turtles are flatter than the shells of land turtles. Sea turtles are also different from land turtles because sea turtles cannot pull their head or limbs (legs) into their shell to protect themselves from predators (hunters). Instead, the head, shell shape, and flippers of sea turtles help them escape from predators mainly by allowing them to -

a)

dig deep holes for their eggs

b)

swim and dive easily

c)

blend into their surroundings

d)

hold their breath for several minutes

110.

Many types of grazing animals live in Africa. The picture shows two of these animals that have about the same mass and height at the shoulder. Based on observations of the pictures of these animals, which statement describes a advantage that only one of these animals has in obtaining (getting) food?

a)

The Thomson's gazelle has a body shape that allows it to run faster when chasing prey (food).

b)

The Thomson's gazelle has horns that can be used to move tree branches out of the way to reach food.

c)

The gerenuk has a sharp, pointed nose for detecting the scent of predators.

d)

The gerenuk has a long neck that allows it to reach higher and eat from trees.

111.

The whiskers of a river otter and the antennae of a cockroach are shown below. How do structures (parts) such as whiskers and antennae benefit organisms?

a)

They help the organism detect (sense) their surroundings (areas)

b)

They help the organisms eat food quickly

c)

They help the organisms fight predators

d)

They help the organisms hear prey

112.

Some animals, such as lions, have pointed teeth, while other animals, such as cattle, have flat teeth. The difference in the shape of these animals' teeth is most closely related to -

a)

the type of organisms the animals consume (eat)

b)

the sounds the animals make

c)

the habitat (home) the animals live in

d)

the type of predators (hunters) the animals have

113.

The ocotillo is a desert plant with long, straight branches. Its leaves are small and appear for only a short time after a rain. Most of the time, the branches of the ocotillo do not have leaves. Maple trees grow in areas where water is more abundant (available) than in the desert. Maple leaves can be very large and are present for most months of the year.

Ocotillo plants are better adapted for surviving in the desert than maple trees because the characteristics of ocotillo leaves -

a)

allow more sunlight to reach the soil

b)

prevent the plant from producing flowers

c)

encourage the release of carbon dioxide from the stems

d)

reduce the amount of water lost through evaporation

114.

Most kangaroos have large, heavy tails, while spider monkeys have long, thin tail. Kangaroo tails are useful when the kangaroos are hopping and also when they are crawling around on the ground to feed. Spider monkey tails are useful when the spiker monkeys are moving through trees. Both of these animals use their tails primarily (mostly) for -

a)

grabbing and holding their food

b)

supporting and balancing their body

c)

attracting the attention of other animals

d)

carrying their young (offspring)

115.

Which two traits best help a cactus conserve (save) water in the dry conditions of a West Texas desert ecosystem?

a)

Large flowers and sweet fruit

b)

Sweet fruit and sharp spines

c)

Sharp spines and waxy stems

d)

Waxy stems and large flowers

116.

Eagles catch fish in rivers with their talons (claws). They fly with the fish to a tree branch and tear the fish into small pieces. Which bird most likely catches and eats its food in the way an eagle does?

a)

b)

c)

d)

117.

Some bird have large, sharp claws and beaks. These birds most likely eat -

a)

tall grasses

b)

small animals

c)

pond microorganisms

d)

tiny insects

118.

Which adaptation of a frog most helps it capture insects to eat?

a)

croaking sound

b)

sticky tongue

c)

laying eggs

d)

smooth skin

119.

Some bears have thick layers of fat and fur that help to keep them warm. These adaptations are best suited to an environment that is –

a)

dry

b)

cold

c)

dark

d)

windy

120.

All of the following would be adaptations that would be an advantage in a hot, dry desert habitat EXCEPT

a)

being active at night

b)

getting water from plants

c)

hunting other animals

d)

digging burrows underground

121.

Camels live in the desert and have wide, flat, leathery pads on the bottoms of their feet. This adaptation most likely helps them –

a)

walk on hot sand

b)

find sources of water

c)

climb rocky hills

d)

sleep standing up

122.

Many animals hibernate during the winter. During the winter they spend most of the time sleeping. This behavior is an adaptation that helps animals by –

a)

allowing them to avoid harsh sun and rains

b)

building strong muscles for fighting enemies

c)

conserving energy when food is hard to find

d)

making them easy for predators to see

123.

Which is an adaptation of the bison that allows it to stay warm in the cold winter months

a)

it uses its horns to defend itself from predators

b)

it has hooves that allow it to move quickly across the grasslands

c)

it has a thick layer of fur covering its entire body

d)

it has flat teeth that helps it to chew the grasses on the plains

124.

What is an adaptation of the snowshoe hare that allows it to remain unseen by predators in the winter time?

a)

heavy fur on feet to stay warm

b)

small ears to prevent heat loss

c)

turns white in winter to match snow

d)

sense of smell to detect food

125.

Which adaptation of a cactus allows it to prevent water loss in dry desert conditions?

a)

Shallow roots that spread out very widely

b)

Bright flowers that attract insects

c)

Waxy outer covering on stems

d)

None of these

126.

Which of the following describes a behavioral adaptation instead of a structural adaptation

a)

being nocturnal to avoid extremely hot day time temperatures

b)

having a sharp beak and talons to devour prey

c)

using webbed feet and paddle tail to propel through water

d)

having long eyelashes that prevent sand from entering the eye

127.

All of the following are behavioral adaptations EXCEPT -

a)

being nocturnal and only active at night

b)

hibernating during the winter months

c)

migrating to avoid cold weather

d)

being camouflaged to remain unseen

128.

What does it mean to CAMOUFLAGE?

a)

when a weak animal copies a stronger animal to warn of predators

b)

when an animal is able to change colors to survive in an enviornment

c)

when an animal hibernates during the winter.

129.

What is HIBERNATION?

a)

when a weak animal copies stronger animal to warn off predators.

b)

when an animal hides in the cold winter and sleeps until the spring

c)

when a larger animal eats its prey

130.
Some adaptations of a hawk are illustrated here.
Which of these adaptations most help the hawk keep other hawks out of its territory by warning them from far away?
a)
Brown head
b)
Loud call
c)
Hollow bones
d)
Sharp claws
131.
Which foot is best suited for a wet environment?
a)
Clawed foot with talon 
b)
Human-like foot
c)
Webbed foot
d)
Small clawed foot without a talon 
132.

Some animals, such as lions, have pointed teeth, while other animals, such as cattle, have flat teeth. The difference in the shape of these animals' teeth is most closely related to--- (5.10A)

a)

the type of organisms the animals consume

b)

the sounds the animals make

c)

the habitat the animals live in

d)

the type of predators the animals have

133.

The teeth in this picture are from an animal that would most likely eat

a)

grass

b)

insects

c)

fruit

d)

fish

134.

Sea turtles are also different from land turtles because sea turtles cannot pull their head or limbs into their shell to protect themselves from predators. how does the head, shell shape, and flippers of sea turtles help the turtles escape their predators?

a)

Dig deep holes for their eggs

b)

Swim and dive easily

c)

Blend into their surroundings

d)

Hold their breath for several minutes

135.

Which example shows an animal adapting to a seasonal change in its environment?

a)
b)
c)
d)
136.

Which structural adaptation allows the penguin to stay warm when diving in icy water?

a)

The beak

b)

The feathers

c)

The flippers

d)

The webbed feet

137.

Skunks have a structural adaptation that releases a liquid spray with a bad odor when in close contact with predators. How is the adaptation helpful to the skunk?

a)

Avoid predators

b)

Obtain food

c)

Make shelter

d)

Increase body temperature

138.

Which bird beak is best adapted for opening hard-shelled nuts and seeds?

a)
b)
c)
d)
139.
Which best describes how a porcupine defends itself from predators?
a)
it changes color
b)
it has sharp quills
c)
it moves very rapidly
d)
it makes a loud noise
140.

What is the function on large padded paws on a snow leopard?

a)

camouflage

b)

protection from predators

c)

keep it warm

d)

walking in snow

141.

What is the function of a beavers tail?

a)

protects from predators

b)

packs and flattens mud and gives greater mobility on rocky ground

c)

help swim through water

d)

helps swim fast to catch prey

142.

What is the function of a hard shell of a turtle?

a)

camouflage

b)

protection from predators - too easy to penetrate

c)

protection from predators- too hard to penetrate

d)

feel its way around

143.

What is the structure that helps the duck swim in water?

a)

beak

b)

feathers

c)

fin

d)

webbed feet

144.

Adaptations help animals ___________.

a)

survive

b)

get food

c)

protect themselves

d)

all of the above

145.

Which two traits best help a cactus conserve water in the dry conditions of a West Texas desert ecosystem? (5.10A)

a)

Large flowers and sweet fruit

b)

Sweet fruits and sharp spines

c)

Sharp spines and waxy stems

d)

Waxy stems and large flowers

146.

Eagles catch fish in rivers with their talons. They fly with the fish to a tree branch and tear the fish into small pieces. Which bird most likely catches and eats it food the way an eagle does? (5.10A)

a)
b)
c)
d)
147.

The ocotillo is a desert plant with long, straight branches. Its leaves are small and appear for only a short time after a rain. Most of the time, the branches of the ocotillo do not have leaves. Maple trees grow in areas where water is more abundant than in the desert. Maple leaves can be very large and are present for most months of the year. Ocotillo plants are better adapted for surviving in the desert than maple trees because the characteristics of ocotillo leaves--- (5.10A)

a)

allow more sunlight to reach the soil

b)

prevent the plant from producing flowers

c)

encourage the release of carbon dioxide from the stems

d)

reduce the amount of water lost through evaporation

148.

Most kangaroos have large, heavy tails, while spider monkeys have long, thin tails. Kangaroo tails are useful when the kangaroos are hopping and also when they are crawling around on the ground to feed. Spider monkey tails are useful when the spider monkeys are moving through trees. Both of these animals use their tails primarily for----(5.10A)

a)

grabbing and holding their food

b)

supporting and balancing their body

c)

attracting the attention of other animals

d)

carrying their young

149.

The whiskers of a river otter and the antennae of a cockroach are shown here. How do structures such as whiskers and antennae benefit organisms? (5.10A)

a)

They help the organisms detect their surroundings.

b)

They help the organisms eat food quickly.

c)

They help the organisms fight predators.

d)

None of these

150.

Some animals, such as lions, have pointed teeth, while other animals, such as cattle, have flat teeth. The difference in the shape of these animals' teeth is most closely related to--- (5.10A)

a)

the type of organisms the animals consume

b)

the sounds the animals make

c)

the habitat the animals live in

d)

the type of predators the animals have

151.

Giraffes are animals that live in the grasslands of Africa. They have extremely long necks and long tongues. These two adaptations most likely help them –

a)

travel quickly across the plains

b)

reach food high in the trees

c)

defend themselves against predators

d)

tolerate the heat of their environment

152.

Functional changes that allow organisms to obtain food and keep safe

a)

Adaptation

b)

Camouflage

c)

Function

d)

Mimicry

153.

Which of the following adaptations of a cow helps it to survive by allowing it to eat and digest large amounts of grass?

a)

Long, thick tail it can swing about

b)

Large, brown eyes with long lashes

c)

Wide, flat teeth and four stomachs

d)

Tough, divided hooves and strong legs

154.

The use of colorings or markings to look like another organism or object

a)

Adaptation

b)

Camouflage

c)

Function

d)

Mimicry

155.

The bright colors on the males of many bird species is an adaptation that helps the birds -

a)

attract females

b)

avoid predators

c)

hunt insects

d)

stay warm