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Worksheets

Year 8 Revision

Total questions: 117

Worksheet time: 2hrs 54mins

Name
Class
Date
1.
What is the opening in Earth's crust through which molten rock, gases, and ash erupt?
a)
Divergent Boundary
b)
Magma
c)
Subduction Boundary
d)
Volcano
2.
What is molten rock that has formed deep within the Earth?
a)
Hot Spot
b)
Magma
c)
Lava
d)
Volcano
3.
Why does magma tend to rise to the surface?
a)
It has large amounts of silica.
b)
It contains very little silica.
c)
It is denser than the surrounding material.
d)
It is less dense than the surrounding material.
4.

The formation of magma depends on which set of conditions?

a)

Pressure, Density, and Water Content

b)

Temperature, Density, and Pressure

c)

Temperature, Density, and Water Content

d)

Temperature, Dissolved Gases, and Water Content

5.
The volcanoes on the Hawaiian Islands form due to which of the following?
a)
Divergent Boundary
b)
Hot Spot
c)
Subduction Boundary
d)
Transform Boundary
6.
What is the principal ingredient to all types of magma?
a)
Iron
b)
Magnesium
c)
Silica
d)
Water
7.
Which type of magma has the lowest amount of silica content?
a)
Andesitic Magma
b)
Basaltic Magma
c)
Rhyolitic Magma
d)
Viscous Lava
8.
What is the resistance of a liquid, such as lava, to flow?
a)
Elasticity
b)
Pyroclasticity
c)
Silica
d)
Viscosity
9.
What are solid rock fragments that are ejected during a volcanic eruption?
a)

Lahar

b)
Magma
c)
Pyroclastic Material
d)
Silica
10.

What type of volcano is Moana Loa, which is located in Hawaii?

a)

Caldera

b)

Cinder Cone

c)

Composite Volcano

d)

Shield Volcano

11.
Where are most volcanoes found?
a)
Southern Hemisphere
b)
Ring of Fire
c)
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
d)
Hot Spots
12.
What kind of magma produces violent volcanic eruptions?
a)
Magma low in silica
b)
Magma that is fluid, and runny
c)
Magma that is high in gas content
d)
Magma rich in iron
13.
What type of volcano is Mount St. Helens?
a)
Caldera
b)
Cinder Cone
c)
Composite Volcano
d)
Shield Volcano
14.
What do you call a large crater formed by the collapse of a volcano?
a)
Caldera
b)
Cinder Cone
c)
Composite Volcano
d)
Shield Volcano
15.
Where do volcanoes come from?
a)
Places where plates move apart
b)
Places where plates are moving together
c)
Hot Spots
d)
All of these options
16.
What factor(s) determine(s) whether an eruption will be explosive?
a)
The amount of gases in the magma
b)
The amount of silica in the magma
c)
The amount of gas and silica in the magma
d)
None of these affect the explosiveness of the volcano
17.
Which volcanic eruption was an example of pyroclastic flow?
a)
Mount Vesuvius buried the Roman city of Pompeii.
b)
Kilauea is currently forming the Hawaiian Islands.
c)
The Columbia Plateau was formed in parts of Washington, Oregon, and Hawaii.
d)
Mauna Loa is a shield volcano that was formed on Hawaii.
18.

Which type of volcano is Yellowstone in Wyoming?

a)

Caldera

b)

Cinder Cone

c)

Composite Volcano

d)

Shield Volcano

19.

Which type of volcano is Mount Tabor in Oregon?

a)

Caldera

b)

Cinder Cone

c)

Composite Volcano

d)

Shield Volcano

20.

What type of volcano is Mount St. Helens in Washington?

a)

Caldera

b)

Cinder Cone

c)

Composite Volcano

d)

Shield Volcano

21.

What is magma

a)

small rock

b)

plates that move

c)

pieces of Earth's crust

d)

molten rock inside a volcano

22.

What is lava

a)

Molten rocks inside a volcano

b)

magma that comes out

c)

small rocks

d)

Magma

23.

Which layer of Earth is located above the outer core

a)

crust

b)

inner core

c)

mantle

d)

lithosphere

24.

AS you deeper into the earth, the temperature _________

a)

increases

b)

decreases

c)

goes up and down depending on the layer

d)

stays the same

25.

Which is the correct order of the Earths layers?

a)

inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

b)

crust, inner core, outer core, mantle

c)

crust, mantle, inner core, outercore

d)

crust, mantle, outer core, inner core

26.

When the pressure build up in the volcano,

a)

magma erupts

b)

it gives poisonous gases

c)

smoke is caused

d)

all the above

27.

The lava can cause

a)

ash

b)

rocks

c)

destruction

d)

everything mentioned above

28.

An active volcano is the one which

a)

is sleeping but can burst

b)

is likely to erupt again

c)

is not expected to erupt again

d)

might erupt if climate does not support

29.

Mount Vesuvius is an

a)

silent volcano

b)

dormant volcano

c)

Extinct volcano

d)

active volcano

30.

The opening on top of the mountain from where the magma bursts is called

a)

main vent

b)

throat

c)

magma chamber

d)

crater

31.

What is a tsunami?

a)

A large storm with very high speed winds

b)

A tropical cyclone that occurs in the Pacific Ocean

c)

A large and powerful ocean wave

d)

A type of tornado

e)

An earthquake that causes significant damage

32.

What natural even can cause a tsunami?

a)

earthquake

b)

Volcanic eruption

c)

Landslide

d)

A glacier breaking off into the ocean

e)

All of the above

33.

How far can a tsunami travel?

a)

Less than 1 mile

b)

10 miles

c)

100 miles

d)

500 miles

e)

Over 1,000 miles

34.

True or False: Tsunamis move very slow, typically around 10 miles per hour

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

35.

Where do most of the Tsunamis in the world occur?

a)

Great Lakes

b)

Atlantic Ocean

c)

Pacific Ocean

d)

Arctic Ocean

e)

Southern Ocean

36.

Tsunamis are caused by __________

a)

Wind traveling over the surface of the ocean

b)

The rotation of the Earth

c)

The gravitational pull of the Moon

d)

A large displacement of water

e)

Southern Ocean

37.

True or False: Although tsunamis are sometimes called tidal waves, they have nothing to do with the ocean's tides

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

38.

Most tsunamis are caused by what natural event?

a)

Earthquake

b)

Volcanic Eruption

c)

Landslide

d)

A glacier breaking off into the ocean

e)

Hurricane

39.

What do we call a series of waves generated by a tsunami?

a)

Tides

b)

Wave train

c)

Wave town

d)

Wave farm

e)

Sets

40.

True or False: Tsunamis can occur in any major body of water.

a)

TRUE

b)

FALSE

41.

As the waves travel through shallow water near land they get ________.

a)

taller

b)

smaller

c)

stay the same

d)

disappear

42.

What should you do if you think a tsunami is coming?

a)

Go to higher ground

b)

Go to the beach

c)

Find a boat

d)

Hide in your house

43.

Before a tsunami the coastal sea depth:

a)

Rises suddenly

b)

falls suddenly

c)

gets really hot

d)

fills with fish

44.

Which country has the longest recorded history of tsunamis

a)

Japan

b)

Indonesia

c)

Italy

d)

Lisbon

45.

1. What is a tsunami?

a)

A large storm with very high speed winds

b)

A tropical cyclone that occurs in the Pacific Ocean

c)

A large and powerful ocean wave

d)

A type of tornado

46.

2. What natural event can cause a tsunami?

a)

Earthquakes and Landslide

b)

Volcanic eruption

c)

A glacier breaking off into the ocean

d)

All of the above

47.
The word tsunami means_______________ in _______________.
a)
massive wave / Japanese
b)
harbor wave / Japanese
c)
harbor wave / English
d)
big wave / Chinese
48.
What are some ways that people can protect themselves from tsunamis?
a)
build protective walls
b)
use tsunami warning devices (buoys and signals)
c)
live / retreat to higher elevations
d)
all of these
49.
The most devastating tsunami that killed the most people occurred in...
a)
2004- Indian Ocean
b)
2011 - Japan
c)
1960 - Chile
d)
79 - Pompeii
50.
True or False:  The first tsunami wave is the biggest!
a)
True
b)
False
51.

What causes a tsunami

a)

earthquakes

b)

landslide

c)

volcano

d)

all of the above

52.

what are tsunamis

a)

waves

b)

big waves

c)

giant waves

d)

giant waves caused by earthquakes

53.

how fast can tsunamis be

a)

500 mp

b)

200 mp

c)

30 mp

d)

120 mp

54.

what can tsunamis destroy

a)

house

b)

cars

c)

trees

d)

basicly everything

55.

What should you do if you think a tsunami is coming?

a)

Go to higher ground

b)

Go to the beach

c)

Find a boat

d)

Hide in your house

56.

Is it possible for a tsunami to pass under your boat and you not know it is happening?

a)

yes

b)

no

57.

Do all undersea earthquakes trigger a tsunami?

a)

YES

b)

NO

58.

How tall was the tallest tsunami

a)

1720 feet

b)

1834 feet

c)

3590 feet

d)

2497 feet

59.

what should be in your survival kit

a)

flashlight

b)

life jacket

c)

dogs

d)

toys

e)

food

60.

A fault is ____.

a)

a place on Earth where earthquakes cannot occur

b)

a fracture in the Earth where movement has occurred

c)

the place on Earth’s surface where structures move during an earthquake

d)

another name for an earthquake

61.

An earthquake’s epicenter is ____.

a)

the place on the surface directly above the focus

b)

a spot halfway between the focus and the surface

c)

the spot below the focus

d)

any spot along the nearest fault

62.

When an earthquake occurs, energy radiates in all directions from its source, which is called the ____.

a)

epicenter

b)

focus

c)

fault

d)

seismic center

63.

Earthquakes are usually associated with ____.

a)

violent weather

b)

faults

c)

large cities

d)

the east coast of North America

64.

The hypothesis that explains the release of energy during an earthquake is called the ____.

a)

Richter hypothesis

b)

moment magnitude hypothesis

c)

vibration hypothesis

d)

elastic rebound hypothesis

65.

The adjustments of materials that follow a major earthquake often generate smaller earthquakes called ____.

a)

foreshocks

b)

surface waves

c)

aftershocks

d)

body waves

66.

Major earthquakes are sometimes preceded by smaller earthquakes called ____.

a)

Aftershocks

b)

Focus shocks

c)

Surface waves

d)

Foreshocks

67.

Which seismic waves travel most rapidly?

a)

P waves

b)

S waves

c)

surface waves

d)

Tsunamis

68.

What is the minimum number of seismic stations that is needed to determine the location of an earthquake’s epicenter?

a)

two

b)

one

c)

four

d)

Three

69.

According to Figure 8-1, what is the distance between the seismic station and an earthquake epicenter, if the first S wave arrives 4.0 minutes after the first P wave?

a)

1500 kilometers

b)

2500 kilometers

c)

3000 kilometers

d)

2000 kilometers

70.

According to Figure 8-1, when will the first P wave be received, if an earthquake epicenter is approximately 1800 kilometers from the seismic station?

a)

3.5 minutes after the earthquake

b)

5.5 minutes after the earthquake

c)

6.6 minutes after the earthquake

d)

10.5 minutes after the earthquake

71.

Use the graph in Figure 8-1 to determine the difference in the travel-times between the first P wave and the first S wave, if the seismic station is 4000 kilometers from the epicenter.

a)

10.0 minutes

b)

4.5 minutes

c)

5.2 minutes

d)

4.2 minutes

72.

Where does an earthquake begin?

a)

Epicenter

b)

Fault

c)

Focus

73.

Which of the following statement correctly identifies the focus and epicenter of an earthquake in the given illustration?

a)

Point A is the focus and Point B is the epicenter.

b)

Point A is the epicenter and Point C is the focus

c)

Point A is the epicenter and Point B is the focus.

d)

Point A is the focus and Point C is the epicenter.

74.

What is the instrument used to measure earthquakes?

a)

Seismograph

b)

Seismologist

c)

Scale

d)

Seismogram

75.

Which of the following earthquakes have the highest strength

a)

Magnitude of 1

b)

Magnitude of 20

c)

Magnitude of 10

d)

Magnitude of 5

76.

When the soil turns liquid, this is called

a)

Watering

b)

Soiling

c)

Liquefaction

d)

Liquiding

77.

Which of the following machines is used to measure earthquakes

a)

Siesmograph

b)

Measuring scale

c)

Tuba

d)

Polygraph

78.

Earthquakes happen because of movements in the ____ of the earth

a)

Fault lines

b)

Core

c)

Roads

79.

How many tectonic plates does the earth have

a)

8

b)

19

c)

7

d)

6

80.
Many earthquakes happen along the borders of...
a)
Countries
b)
Tectonic Plates
c)
Climate Zones
d)
None of the above.
81.

Which state is most likely to record an earthquake ?

a)

Pennsylvania

b)

Florida

c)

Minnesota

d)

California

82.

The place where the earthquake is felt on the Earth's surface is called the...

a)

Epicenter

b)

Hypocenter (focus)

c)

Surface

d)

Crust

83.
The focus of an earthquake is
a)
The point below Earth's surface where rock first breaks
b)
The closest seismic station
c)
The place where the greatest damage occurs
d)
A fault
84.

What is the instrument used to measure earthquakes?

a)

Seismograph

b)

Sling Psychrometer

c)

Spring Scale

d)

Balance

e)

Anemometer

85.

What does a seismograph measure?

a)

The amount of oil and gas underground.

b)

The amount of damage an earthquake causes.

c)

The temperature of the earth's core.

d)

The amount of shaking of the crust.

86.

Which wave can travel through solids, liquids, and gases?

a)

P-Waves

b)

S-Waves

c)

Surface (L) Waves

d)
87.

Which seismic wave travels the fastest, always being the first detected by seismic stations?

a)

P waves

b)

S waves

c)

Surface waves

d)

Tsunami waves

88.

The most destructive type of wave (also known as an L wave) is a

a)

P-wave

b)

S-wave

c)

Surface wave

d)

transverse wave

89.

Which is the fastest type of seismic wave?

a)

p-waves

b)

s-waves

c)

surface waves

90.

Which wave causes up and down motion in rock ?

a)

P wave

b)

S wave

c)

L wave

d)

Z wave

91.

The time difference between the arrival of a P and S wave as they reach a seismic recording station is called :

a)

lag time

b)

radar

c)

electromagnetic radiation

d)

an era

92.

What is the minimum number of seismograph stations needed to locate an earthquake epicenter?

a)

2

b)

3

c)

4

d)

5

e)

6

93.

Which scale rates earthquakes based on the amount of damage done?

a)

Mercalli Intensity Scale

b)

Richter Magnitude Scale

c)

Seismogram Shakey Scale

d)

Bernoulli Scale

94.

How does the Richter Magnitude Scale calculate its measurements?

a)

Eyewitnesses

b)

Amount of damage caused

c)

The amount of time the earthquake lasted

d)

The strength of the seismic waves recorded by a seismograph machine.

95.
The rating system that estimates the total energy released by an earthquake is called the
a)
Richter scale
b)
moment magnitude scale
c)
Mercalli scale
d)
modified Mercalli scale
96.

How much bigger is a magnitude 8 earthquake compared to magnitude 6 quake on the Richter Scale?

a)

2 times bigger

b)

20 times bigger

c)

48 times bigger

d)

100 times bigger

97.
Earthquakes happen every day. Most are too small for humans to notice.
a)
True
b)
False
98.
What is a tectonic plate?
a)
A piece of the Earth's crust
b)
A piece of Earth's mantle
c)
A piece of Earth's core
d)
A piece of Earth's Moon
99.
Which type of crust is more dense?
a)
oceanic
b)
continental
c)
divergent
d)
pizza
100.

Where are the youngest rocks on Earth found?

a)

Along mid-ocean ridges

b)

Along transform boundaries

c)

On the edges of the continents

d)

Near ocean trenches

101.

How far do tectonic plates move each year?

a)

Meters per year

b)

Centimeters per year

c)

Kilometers per year

d)

Feet per year

102.

What is the driving force behind the movement of the tectonic plates?

a)

Gravity

b)

Convection

c)

Wave motion

d)

Seismic activity

103.

What is the process of convection?

a)

The process of hot material rising and cooler material sinking in circular patterns

b)

The process of hot rock solidifying and forming new crust

c)

The process of explaining what goes up must come down

d)

Strong ocean currents moving tremendous amounts of material

104.
Name the boundary
a)
convergent
b)
transform
c)
divergent
d)
subduction
105.
This image represents this type of boundary
a)
Divergent
b)
Transform
c)
Convergent
d)
Subduction
106.
At a divergent boundary, tectonic plates move in what way? 
a)
Tectonic plates move towards each other
b)
Tectonic plates slide past each other
c)
Tectonic plates move up and down
d)
Tectonic plates move away from each other
107.
 A land feature that is produced at a convergent boundary is
a)
a valley
b)
an ocean
c)
a canyon
d)
a volcano
108.
Transform boundaries are most likely to produce what phenomenon?
a)
volcanoes
b)
deep sea trenches
c)
underwater mountain ranges
d)
earthquakes
109.

Where does seafloor spreading take place?

a)

Convergent boundaries

b)

The continentals shelves

c)

Transform boundary

d)

Mid-ocean ridges

110.

At this boundary, old crust is destroyed and deep earthquakes occur

a)

Transform

b)

Continental-Continental Convergent

c)

Divergent

d)

Oceanic-Continental Convergent

111.

Ocean trenches are found along

a)

Transform boundaries

b)

Continental-Continental boundaries

c)

Divergent boundaries

d)

Oceanic-Continental boundaries

112.
A rift valley occurs at a ____________ boundary.
a)
divergent
b)
convergent
c)
transform
d)
horizontal
113.
What type of boundary occurs when two plates slide past each other?
a)
divergent
b)
transform
c)
lateral
d)
convergent
114.
What is the process in which two plates move toward each other but one sinks under the other?
a)
subduction
b)
convection
c)
divergence
d)
transformation
115.

Which of these plates does not bear the name of a continent ?

a)

North American

b)

Antarctic

c)

Eurasian

d)

Pacific

116.

Which two plate are separating

a)

North American and Eurasian

b)

Pacific and Eurasian

c)

Nazca and South American

117.

Which of these volcanic islands was not produced at a plate boundary ?

a)

Japan

b)

Iceland

c)

Hawaii

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