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WorksheetsChapter 2 Practice Questions - Advanced Pathophysiology
Total questions: 10
Worksheet time: 10mins
A 27-year-old woman presents with fatigue, photosensitive rash, and joint pain. ANA is positive, and she meets 4 diagnostic criteria for lupus. What is the most likely mechanism driving her condition?
Type II hypersensitivity with direct cytotoxic antibody binding to red cells
T-cell mediated destruction of muscle proteins
Type III hypersensitivity with antigen-antibody complex deposition triggering systemic inflammation
Mast cell degranulation and histamine release in mucosal tissues
A 66-year-old man has a kidney transplant. Two weeks later, creatinine rises and biopsy shows T-cell infiltration. What is the most appropriate interpretation?
Hyperacute rejection from circulating antibodies
Acute rejection due to recipient T-cell recognition of donor MHC antigens
Graft-versus-host disease from donor T-cell attack
Antibody-mediated destruction of neutrophils
A newborn has frequent infections, no palpable lymph nodes, and lymphopenia. Which best explains the underlying issue?
Primary immunodeficiency impairing B and T cell production
Secondary immunosuppression from in utero HIV infection
Excess cytokine production overwhelming immune tolerance
IgE-mediated allergy to milk protein
A 45-year-old man with a history of anxiety is breathing rapidly during a panic attack. Which immune effect could chronic stress have on this patient?
Enhanced immune memory due to elevated cortisol
Suppression of both innate and adaptive immune responses due to chronic cortisol elevation
Direct B-cell proliferation from adrenaline
Autoimmune response from increased T-reg cell activity
A woman presents with wheezing, facial swelling, and hypotension after peanut ingestion. What type of reaction is occurring?
Type I hypersensitivity due to IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation
Type II hypersensitivity causing red cell lysis
Type III immune complex reaction
Type IV delayed T-cell reaction
A 28-year-old with newly diagnosed HIV has a CD4+ count of 180 and persistent oral thrush. Which statement best explains this clinical picture?
Overactive cytotoxic T-cell response
Autoimmune cytopenia
Secondary immunodeficiency leading to susceptibility to opportunistic infections
B-cell malignancy suppressing mucosal immunity
A patient with rheumatoid arthritis is treated with TNF inhibitors. Which is a potential immune-related risk?
Increased risk of infection due to suppression of inflammatory pathways
Type I hypersensitivity to monoclonal antibodies
Development of neutropenia due to T-cell suppression
Stimulation of autoantibody production
A teenager develops contact dermatitis 48 hours after exposure to poison ivy. Which mechanism is responsible for the reaction?
IgE-mediated mast cell activation
Complement-mediated cytolysis
Delayed T-cell-mediated inflammation (Type IV hypersensitivity)
Immune complex deposition in dermal capillaries
A 6-month-old is seen for routine vaccinations. Why is additional immunization needed despite maternal antibody protection?
IgM is already circulating
Maternal IgG wanes by 3–6 months and offers only temporary passive immunity
Infant already has memory T-cells
Breast milk provides long-term IgA protection
A 70-year-old man receives an allogeneic stem cell transplant for leukemia. He develops rash, liver dysfunction, and diarrhea. What is the most likely explanation?
Acute host rejection of donor stem cells
Graft-versus-host disease, in which donor T cells attack host tissues
Type III hypersensitivity reaction to infused antigens
Passive IgA deficiency from donor B cells
