This test determines prostate-specific antigen, confirming the presence of semen.

Flattened, twisted fibers with thickened edges. Dissolves in ammonia but insoluble in sodium chloride.

Apex tapers to a fine point. Transverse sections are polygonal and show small cavity. Gives a blue or bluish red color when treated with a weak solution of potassium chloride.

Shows transverse lines and consist of cellulose. Stains bluish-red with phloruglucin and yellow with both aniline sulfate and a weak solution of potassium iodine.

Quite smooth without longitudinal or transverse markings. Stained red with aniline sulfate and also with iodine and sulfuric acid.

Have an outer layer of flattened cells with imbricated margins. Stains yellow with iodine and sulfuric acid and also with picric acid but does not dissolve in sulfuric acid.

When manufactured, it is structureless microscopically. Fiber stains brown with iodine and sulfuric acid and yellow with picric acid.

Straight and tapering to a point. Does not dissolve in concentrated sulfuric acid. Bright red color when placed in 1% alcoholic solution then ammonium hydroxide.

A confirmatory test which provides a chemical fingerprint of the fiber, identifying its material composition.

A supercooled liquid with high velocity and rigidity.

A type of glass fracture that occurs first and resembles the spokes of a wheel radiating outward from the point of impact.

Secondary fracture that occurs after the radial fractures appears as circles around the point of the point of impact, connecting one radiating crack to another forming triangular pieces of glass.

This measures how light passes through the glass, which varies between different types of glass.

Techniques like X-ray fluorescence (XRF) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) are used to analyze the composition of trace elements in glass, allowing for precise sample comparisons.

These cracks radiate outward from the point of impact, much like the spokes of a wheel. Forms first when glass is struck.

These are circular cracks that form around the point of impact, known as secondary fractures

Accumulation of dust and dirt on glass can help identify the _________

In direction of glass impact, the entrance side has a clean-cut hole, whereas the exit side may show more irregularities.

In glass, this produces a crater with uniform cratings or flakings.

If fired from the right, the left exit side of the glass will show more flakings, and vice versa.

Typically produced on the exit side due to the rebound of the glass.

This cause of fracture does not exhibit the typical radial and concentric patterns but rather a wavy appearance with minimal stress lines.

This cause of fracture that shows definite radial and concentric fracture patterns.

A preliminary test for toolmarks which involves comparing the patterns of striations or impressions to those made by suspect tools.

A confirmatory test in toolmarks which measures the surface profile, providing detailed information about their depth and shape.

In collecting fibers from larger areas such as carpets, this method is used.

Where are large fragments of glass placed to prevent further breakage?

Smaller fragments of glass are placed in _____ which are labelled and sealed to maintain chain of custody.

Toxic substances produced by living organisms such as animal venoms, bacterial toxins, and plant toxins.

Elements or compounds such as heavy metals, pesticides, and industrial chemical/gases.

What is the antidote for venoms such as from snakes, spiders, and scorpions?

Botulinum toxin is a type of bacterial toxin with the antidote of _______.

What is the antidote for tetanus toxin?

This route of exposure is done by swallowing or eating.

Alfred is emphasizing the importance of taking time to carefully conduct each step of the forensic analysis to avoid errors.

Before novel scientific evidence can be admitted in court, it must first be accepted by the relevant community.

States that the court has full authority to allow scientific evidence/to be a gatekeeper.

What is the antidote for corrosives?

Cantharides irritate and damage the ______.