WorksheetsAnatomy and Physiology - Chapter Objectives
Total questions: 100
Worksheet time: 50mins
The appropriate terminology for major organs and systems of the human body is called:
Anatomy
Geology
Astronomy
Botany
The major functions of each body system include:
Transporting nutrients, protecting against disease, movement, and coordination
Only digesting food
Producing sound only
Storing waste products only
Body systems interrelate with each other by:
working together to maintain homeostasis
functioning independently without interaction
competing for resources within the body
operating only during illness
Basic diseases affecting each of the body systems include:
Diabetes, asthma, arthritis, and hypertension
Only diabetes and asthma
Only arthritis and hypertension
Only infectious diseases like the flu
The process of defining, pronouncing, and spelling all key terms is essential in which field?
Anatomy and Physiology
Physics
Mathematics
Literature
Match the following cell organelles with their correct functions:
Stack of membrane layers that produce, store, and package secretions for discharge from the cell.
Golgi apparatus
Fine network of tubular structures that allow transport of materials and synthesis/storage of proteins.
Endoplasmic reticulum
Pouchlike structures that store food, waste, or water.
Vacuoles
Oval or round bodies containing digestive enzymes that digest and destroy old cells.
Lysosomes
Which organelle is responsible for producing, storing, and packaging secretions for discharge from the cell?
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
Ribosomes
The ________ is a fine network of tubular structures that allows for the transport of materials into and out of the nucleus and aids in the synthesis and storage of proteins.
endoplasmic reticulum
mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
lysosome
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes.
True
False
Which cell organelle contains digestive enzymes that digest and destroy old cells, bacteria, and foreign materials?
Nucleus
Lysosomes
Vacuoles
Chromatin
The vacuoles in a cell are filled with a watery substance, stored food, or _________?
waste products
proteins
chlorophyll
minerals
Which of the following is NOT a function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
A. Transport of materials
B. Synthesis of proteins
C. Storage of proteins
D. Production of digestive enzymes
Label the following parts of the cell in the diagram:
Nucleus, Nucleolus, Mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus, Lysosome, Ribosomes, Vacuole, Cytoplasm, Cell membrane, Centrioles, Chromatin, Smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Rough endoplasmic reticulum, Pinocytic vessel (as labeled in the diagram)
Nucleus, Chloroplast, Cell wall, Mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus, Lysosome, Ribosomes, Vacuole, Cytoplasm, Cell membrane, Plasmodesmata, Smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Rough endoplasmic reticulum, Amyloplast
Nucleus, Nucleolus, Mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus, Lysosome, Ribosomes, Vacuole, Cytoplasm, Cell membrane, Flagella, Chromatin, Smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Rough endoplasmic reticulum, Cilia
Nucleus, Nucleolus, Mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus, Lysosome, Ribosomes, Vacuole, Cytoplasm, Cell membrane, Peroxisome, Chromatin, Smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Rough endoplasmic reticulum, Microvilli
What is the process called in which most cells reproduce by dividing into two identical cells?
Meiosis
Mitosis
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Fill in the blank: The process by which sex cells (gametes) divide is called _________.
meiosis
mitosis
binary fission
budding
The function of pinocytic vesicles in the cell membrane is:
to transport fluids and dissolved substances into the cell
to produce energy for the cell
to synthesize proteins
to store genetic information
In mitosis, what structure joins two identical strands of chromatin together?
Centrosome
Centromere
Nucleolus
Spindle
What happens after the DNA molecules duplicate themselves during mitosis?
Chromosomes separate
Duplicated chromosomes line up along center of spindle
Two nuclei form as cell separates
Centrioles separate, and a spindle forms between them
After mitosis, each new cell has the full number of chromosomes.
True
False
What is the main function of epithelial tissue?
To cover the surface of the body and form the lining of internal organs, as well as to secrete and protect.
To transmit electrical impulses throughout the body.
To store fat and provide insulation.
To contract and enable movement.
What is the main function of connective tissue?
To support and connect organs and other body parts.
To transmit electrical impulses throughout the body.
To secrete hormones into the bloodstream.
To absorb nutrients from food.
What is the main function of nerve tissue?
To control and communicate.
To store energy.
To provide structural support.
To transport oxygen.
What is the main function of muscle (cardiac) tissue?
To move and protect.
To store genetic information.
To secrete hormones.
To transmit nerve impulses.
Match the type of tissue to its function:
Nerve
Control and communicate
Epithelium
Secrete and protect
Muscle (cardiac)
Move and protect
Connective tissue
Support and connect
What is tissue fluid?
Tissue fluid is water with various dissolved substances that surrounds tissue cells and is slightly salty in nature.
Tissue fluid is a type of solid connective tissue found in bones.
Tissue fluid is a hormone produced by the pancreas to regulate blood sugar.
Tissue fluid is a type of gas that fills the lungs during respiration.
What is the condition called when there is not enough tissue fluid?
Dehydration
Hypertension
Hyperglycemia
Oedema
What is the condition called when there is too much tissue fluid?
Edema
Anemia
Leukemia
Hemophilia
Which system protects the body from injury, infection, and dehydration; helps regulate body temperature; eliminates some wastes; and produces vitamin D?
Integumentary system
Digestive system
Respiratory system
Skeletal system
Which major organs/structures are part of the skeletal system?
Bones and cartilage
Heart and blood vessels
Lungs and trachea
Kidneys and bladder
Which system produces movement, protects internal organs, produces body heat, and maintains posture?
Muscular system
Digestive system
Respiratory system
Nervous system
Which system coordinates and controls body activities?
Nervous system
Digestive system
Respiratory system
Circulatory system
Which system allows the body to react to the environment by providing sight, hearing, taste, smell, and balance?
Special Senses system
Digestive system
Respiratory system
Muscular system
Which system carries oxygen and nutrients to body cells and carries waste products away from cells?
Circulatory system
Digestive system
Nervous system
Respiratory system
Which system carries some tissue fluid and wastes to blood and assists with fighting infection?
Lymphatic system
Digestive system
Respiratory system
Skeletal system
Which system breathes in oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide?
Respiratory system
Digestive system
Nervous system
Circulatory system
Which system digests food physically and chemically, transports food, absorbs nutrients, and eliminates waste?
Digestive system
Respiratory system
Nervous system
Circulatory system
Which system filters blood to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance in the body, produces and eliminates urine?
Urinary system
Respiratory system
Digestive system
Nervous system
Which system produces and secretes hormones to regulate body processes?
Endocrine system
Digestive system
Respiratory system
Skeletal system
Which system provides for reproduction?
Reproductive system
Digestive system
Respiratory system
Nervous system
What type of soft connective tissue stores fat as a food reserve or source of energy, insulates the body, fills the area between tissue fibers, and acts as padding?
Adipose tissue
Cartilage
Areolar tissue
Blood
What type of tissue is made up of special cells called neurons and coordinates body activities by transmitting messages throughout the body?
Nerve tissue
Muscle tissue
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
What type of tissue produces power and movement by contraction of muscle fibers?
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue
Connective tissue
Epithelial tissue
What is the correct order of increasing complexity in the human organism according to Figure 7-4?
A) Atom, Molecule, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism
B) Molecule, Atom, Organelle, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism
C) Organelle, Atom, Molecule, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism
D) Atom, Organelle, Molecule, Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System, Organism
Fill in the blank: Two or more tissues joined together to perform a specific function are called an _______.
organ
cell
atom
organism
Fill in the blank: Organs and other body parts joined together to perform a particular function are called a _______.
system
organism
tissue
cell
Which of the following is NOT listed as an organ system in the diagram?
Respiratory System
Digestive System
Circulatory System
Sensory System
Match the following levels of complexity with their examples from Figure 7-4:
Organs
Brain
Tissues
Nervous Tissue
Cells
Muscle Cell
Organelles
Mitochondrion
Which of the following is an example of a molecule listed in Figure 7-4?
Nucleus
Water
Brain
Epithelial Tissue
Fill in the blank: The _______ system is responsible for transporting blood throughout the body.
circulatory
digestive
respiratory
nervous
What is the term for the cavity that contains the stomach, liver, and other digestive organs?
abdominal cavity
thoracic cavity
cranial cavity
pelvic cavity
What is the term for the regions that divide the abdomen into nine areas?
abdominal regions
thoracic regions
pelvic quadrants
cranial zones
What is the directional term for the front of the body?
anterior
posterior
lateral
inferior
What is the term for spaces within the body that contain vital organs?
body cavities
blood vessels
muscle tissues
nerve fibers
What are imaginary lines drawn through the body at various parts to separate the body into sections called?
body planes
body tissues
body cavities
body organs
What is the cavity of the mouth called?
buccal cavity
nasal cavity
thoracic cavity
abdominal cavity
What is the directional term for body parts located near the sacral region of the spinal column?
caudal
cranial
distal
proximal
What is the directional term for body parts located near the head?
cranial
caudal
distal
ventral
What is the cavity that contains the brain called?
cranial cavity
thoracic cavity
abdominal cavity
pelvic cavity
What is the directional term for body parts away from the point of attachment?
distal
proximal
medial
superior
What is the directional term for the back of the body?
dorsal
ventral
anterior
lateral
What is the cavity located on the back of the body called?
dorsal cavity
ventral cavity
thoracic cavity
abdominal cavity
Which plane divides the body into front and back sections?
frontal (coronal) plane
sagittal plane
transverse (horizontal) plane
oblique plane
What is the directional term for body parts below other parts?
inferior
superior
anterior
posterior
What is the directional term for body parts away from the midline?
lateral
medial
proximal
superior
Which plane divides the body into right and left sides?
midsagittal (median) plane
frontal (coronal) plane
transverse (horizontal) plane
oblique plane
What is the directional term for body parts close to the midline?
medial
lateral
distal
superior
What is the cavity located within the nose called?
nasal cavity
oral cavity
thoracic cavity
abdominal cavity
What is the cavity containing the eyes called?
orbital cavity
nasal cavity
oral cavity
cranial cavity
What is the cavity that contains the bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum called?
pelvic cavity
thoracic cavity
cranial cavity
abdominal cavity
What is the directional term for the back of the body or body parts on the back?
posterior
anterior
lateral
medial
What is the directional term for body parts close to the point of attachment?
proximal
distal
superior
inferior
What is the cavity that contains the spinal cord called?
spinal cavity
cranial cavity
thoracic cavity
abdominal cavity
What is the directional term for body parts above other parts?
superior
inferior
anterior
posterior
What is the cavity that contains the heart and lungs called?
thoracic cavity
abdominal cavity
pelvic cavity
cranial cavity
Which plane divides the body into a top half and a bottom half?
transverse plane
sagittal plane
coronal plane
oblique plane
What is the directional term for the front of the body or body parts in front of the plane?
ventral
dorsal
lateral
posterior
What is the cavity located on the front of the body called?
ventral cavity
dorsal cavity
cranial cavity
spinal cavity
Which plane divides the body into right and left halves?
Frontal plane
Transverse plane
Midsagittal plane
Oblique plane
The term 'proximal' refers to a body part that is:
Closer to the point of reference
Away from the midline
Toward the tail
Away from the point of reference
Fill in the blank: The dorsal cavity is divided into two sections: the _______ cavity, which contains the brain, and the _______ cavity, which contains the spinal cord.
cranial; spinal
thoracic; abdominal
pelvic; cranial
abdominal; thoracic
Which cavity contains the heart and lungs?
Abdominal cavity
Thoracic cavity
Pelvic cavity
Cranial cavity
Fill in the blank: The _______ cavity contains the urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and the last part of the large intestine.
pelvic
thoracic
cranial
abdominal
Match the following body cavities with their contents:
Contains the brain
Contains the brain
Contains the heart and lungs
Contains the heart and lungs
Contains the stomach, liver, and intestines
Contains the stomach, liver, and intestines
Contains the urinary bladder and reproductive organs
Contains the urinary bladder and reproductive organs
The ventral cavities are larger than the dorsal cavities.
True
False
Fill in the blank: The _______ cavity is technically located outside the abdominal cavity because it is behind the peritoneal membrane.
retroperitoneal space
peritoneal cavity
thoracic cavity
pelvic cavity
Which cavity is located at the top of the head and houses the brain?
Thoracic cavity
Cranial cavity
Abdominal cavity
Pelvic cavity
The diaphragm separates which two major body cavities?
Cranial and spinal
Thoracic and abdominal
Abdominal and pelvic
Dorsal and ventral
The spinal (vertebral) canal is part of which larger cavity?
Ventral cavity
Dorsal cavity
Abdominopelvic cavity
Thoracic cavity
Name the quadrant located at the lower right side of the abdomen.
Right lower quadrant (RLQ)
Left upper quadrant (LUQ)
Left lower quadrant (LLQ)
Right upper quadrant (RUQ)
Refer to the diagram labeled 'FIGURE 7-7 Abdominal quadrants.' Which quadrant contains the umbilicus?
The umbilicus is located at the intersection of all four quadrants, but primarily in the umbilical region.
The umbilicus is located exclusively in the right upper quadrant.
The umbilicus is found only in the left lower quadrant.
The umbilicus is situated in the left upper quadrant.
Match the following regions to their correct location:
Upper right
Right hypochondriac region
Upper middle
Epigastric region
Middle left
Left lumbar region
Which region is located in the lower middle part of the abdomen?
Right iliac region
Hypogastric region
Umbilical region
Left lumbar region
Refer to the diagram labeled 'FIGURE 7-6 Body cavities.' The buccal cavity is also known as the _______.
mouth
stomach
esophagus
larynx
Refer to the diagram labeled 'FIGURE 7-6 Body cavities.' The ventral cavity is subdivided into the thoracic cavity and the ________ cavity.
abdominopelvic
cranial
dorsal
pleural
Which region is located in the center of the abdomen?
Umbilical region
Epigastric region
Hypogastric region
Left iliac region
What is the definition of 'albino'?
A person or animal having a congenital absence of pigment in the skin and hair (which are white) and the eyes (which are usually pink).
A person or animal with an excess of melanin in the skin and hair.
A person or animal with blue skin and green eyes.
A person or animal with naturally red hair and freckles.
What is the definition of 'alopecia'?
The partial or complete absence of hair from areas of the body where it normally grows; baldness.
A condition characterized by excessive hair growth on the body.
An inflammation of the hair follicles.
A fungal infection of the scalp.
What does 'constrict' mean?
To make narrower, especially by encircling pressure.
To make brighter by adding light.
To make something taste sweeter.
To make something move faster.
What are 'crusts' in the context of the integumentary system?
Dried serum, blood, or pus on the surface of the skin; a scab.
A type of fungal infection affecting the skin.
A layer of dead skin cells that peels off naturally.
A type of skin pigmentation disorder.
What is 'cyanosis'?
A bluish discoloration of the skin resulting from poor circulation or inadequate oxygenation of the blood.
A yellowing of the skin due to liver dysfunction.
A reddening of the skin caused by increased blood flow.
A whitening of the skin due to loss of pigment.
