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WorksheetsAllergic rhinitis
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 10mins
Allergic rhinitis is defined as:
Inflammation of nasal mucosa due to viral infection
Inflammation of nasal mucosa due to allergen-induced immune reaction
Inflammation of paranasal sinuses due to bacterial infection
Chronic hypertrophy of turbinates
Seasonal allergic rhinitis is most commonly triggered by:
Dust mites
Pet dander
Pollen from trees, grasses, or weeds
Mold spores
Which histamine receptor subtype mediates rhinorrhea, sneezing, and nasal itching in allergic rhinitis?
H1 receptor
H2 receptor
H3 receptor
H4 receptor
Which of the following is the controller medication of choice in allergic rhinitis according to ARIA 2020?
First-generation antihistamines
Oral decongestants
Intranasal corticosteroids
Montelukast alone
Among intranasal corticosteroids, which are preferred due to low systemic bioavailability?
Beclomethasone and budesonide
Fluticasone furoate and mometasone
Dexamethasone and hydrocortisone
Prednisolone and triamcinolone
Montelukast, an FDA-approved leukotriene inhibitor, primarily acts on:
LC4 and D4 receptors in the upper airway
H1 receptors in nasal mucosa
Beta-adrenergic receptors in smooth muscle
Muscarinic receptors in nasal glands
Which of the following is true regarding immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis?
Provides only temporary relief during treatment period
Cannot be used in patients with asthma
Alters immune response and provides long-lasting benefit
Associated with high risk of systemic side effects
Sublingual and subcutaneous immunotherapy are mainly indicated in:
Mild intermittent allergic rhinitis
Moderate-to-severe or persistent allergic rhinitis not controlled with standard therapy
Viral rhinitis with nasal obstruction
Non-allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome
Which of the following environmental control measures is incorrect for house dust mite avoidance?
Washing bedding regularly at 60°C
Using allergen-impermeable covers
Using feather bedding
Removing carpets and curtains
Nasal saline irrigation in allergic rhinitis provides benefit by:
Increasing mucus secretion
Enhancing mucociliary clearance and removing inflammatory mediators
Blocking H1 receptors
Directly suppressing IgE production
Which of the following is NOT a common upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)?
Pharyngitis
Sinusitis
Pneumonia
Acute otitis media
The Centor score is primarily used for:
Diagnosing sinusitis
Distinguishing bacterial from viral pharyngitis
Detecting otitis media with effusion
Differentiating allergic from infectious rhinitis
Which of the following features suggests acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) rather than viral rhinitis?
Bilateral clear nasal discharge
Symptoms lasting <7 days
Double sickening with worsening after initial improvement
Sneezing and watery rhinorrhea
Which of the following complications is most commonly associated with untreated Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis?
Periorbital cellulitis
Rheumatic fever
Lung abscess
Bronchiectasis
The most common causative organism of acute otitis media (AOM) is:
Staphylococcus aureus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Escherichia coli
Which of the following clinical features differentiates influenza from the common cold?
Gradual onset, rhinorrhea, sneezing
High fever, abrupt onset, muscle aches
Mild fever, nasal congestion, cough
Symptoms resolving within 5 days
Which of the following is an appropriate non-pharmacological management strategy for URTIs?
High-dose corticosteroids
Adequate rest, hydration, saline nasal irrigation
Immediate broad-spectrum antibiotics
Routine use of antiviral therapy
Which pathogen showed the highest resistance to cephalosporins in the ACCEPT study?
Staphylococcus aureus
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Escherichia coli
Which of the following is a red flag sign in URTIs requiring urgent evaluation?
Sneezing and mild nasal congestion
Pharyngeal erythema without fever
Severe unilateral facial pain with fever
Cough lasting 3–4 days
According to management principles, antibiotics should be reserved for:
All cases of URTIs
Severe viral infections
Confirmed bacterial infections
Mild sore throats in children
