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WorksheetsFoundations of Government
Total questions: 77
Worksheet time: 39mins
Social Contract - An agreement between ____________ and ____________ where people give up some freedoms in exchange for protection and order.
government, people
president, congress
citizens, police
judges, lawyers
Natural Rights - Basic rights that all people are born with. List the three natural rights: ____________, ____________, and ____________.
life, liberty, property
freedom, justice, equality
wealth, fame, power
order, security, happiness
Natural Rights - These ideas came from which philosopher?
John Locke
Thomas Hobbes
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Baron de Montesquieu
Rights of Englishmen (English Bill of Rights)- Basic rights that all subjects of the English King or Queen were entitled to, such as ____________ and protection from ____________.
trial by jury, taxation without representation
freedom of speech, forced labor
owning land, religious persecution
voting in all elections, military service
Limited Government - The idea that government power should be ____________ and not absolute.
limited
expanded
unrestricted
centralized
Limited Government - This principle was established in which document?
Magna Carta
Declaration of Independence
U.S. Constitution
Bill of Rights
John Locke - ____________________________________________
Natural rights (life, liberty, property)
Divine right of kings
Social contract with absolute monarchy
Theory of evolution
Baron de Montesquieu - Known for ____________________________________________
separation of powers
the theory of evolution
the invention of the printing press
the discovery of gravity
the heliocentric theory
Benjamin Franklin - Best represented ____________________________________________ thinking
Enlightenment
Romantic
Medieval
Baroque
Magna Carta (1215) - Established the principle of ____________
limited government
absolute monarchy
universal suffrage
divine right of kings
Mayflower Compact (1620) - Written by the ____________; created a framework for ____________ in Plymouth Colony.
Pilgrims; government
Puritans; religion
Colonists; trade
Explorers; education
What was the main economic activity in ALL 13 colonies?
Farming (or agriculture)
Mining
Shipbuilding
Fishing
List the New England Colonies:
New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut
Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
Georgia, South Carolina, Virginia, Maryland
What kind of soil did New England have?
Rocky
Sandy
Clay
Fertile
What kind of winters? ____________
Long and cold
Short and warm
Mild and rainy
Hot and dry
What two main industries did colonists turn to because of the geography? ____________ and ____________
Fishing and shipbuilding
Farming and mining
Textile and banking
Hunting and trading
List other New England industries: ____________, ____________
Whaling, lumber
Cotton, rice
Gold mining, oil drilling
Cattle ranching, citrus farming
List the Middle Colonies:
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire
Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina
What kind of soil? ____________
Fertile
Rocky
Sandy
Clayey
What kind of climate? ____________
Mild
Arid
Polar
Tropical
This allowed for _____________ and large scale _____________
farming, agriculture (or similar terms based on context)
hunting, migration
trading, exploration
writing, communication
The Middle Colonies were known for which THREE things?
Diversity, religious tolerance, farming (or similar based on context)
Shipbuilding, whaling, Puritanism
Plantation agriculture, slavery, tobacco
Mining, gold rushes, fur trading
List the Southern Colonies: 1. __________________________ 2. __________________________ 3. __________________________ 4. __________________________ 5. __________________________
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia
Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware
Connecticut, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, Vermont, Maine
Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, Indiana, Illinois
What kind of soil? ______________
Fertile or rich soil (or similar based on context)
Sandy soil
Clay soil
Rocky soil
What kind of climate? ______________
Warm or humid climate (or similar based on context)
Cold and dry climate
Desert climate
Polar climate
This allowed them to build large _____________.
plantations (or similar based on context)
houses
boats
roads
List the main products of the Southern Colonies:
Tobacco, rice, indigo (or similar based on context)
Wheat, corn, barley
Furs, fish, timber
Textiles, iron, ships
Key Economic Terms - Write the definitions Cash Crop - ____________________________
A crop produced for its commercial value rather than for use by the grower.
A crop grown only for local consumption.
A crop that is always edible.
A crop that is used only for animal feed.
Key Economic Terms - Write the definitions Plantation - ____________________________
A large farm on which crops are grown for sale, often using slave labor.
A small shop selling local goods.
A type of government building.
A machine used for planting seeds.
Key Economic Terms - Write the definitions Imports - ____________________________
Goods brought into a country from abroad for sale.
Goods sent from a country to be sold abroad.
Services provided within a country.
Money earned from domestic production.
Key Economic Terms - Write the definitions Exports - ____________________________
Goods sent to another country for sale.
Goods bought from another country for use.
Services provided within the country.
Money borrowed from international banks.
Subsistence Farming - _____________________________________________
Growing enough food to feed one's family, with little left over to sell or trade.
Producing crops mainly for export to other countries.
Farming using only advanced machinery and technology.
Raising animals for commercial meat production only.
Middle Passage - The leg of the triangular trade route that brought ____________ to ____________.
enslaved Africans; the Americas
cotton; Europe
sugar; Africa
manufactured goods; the Americas
Why was this journey significant?
It was significant because it forcibly transported millions of Africans to the Americas as slaves, profoundly impacting societies on both sides of the Atlantic.
It was significant because it marked the first successful trade agreement between Europe and Africa.
It was significant because it led to the discovery of new spices and trade routes.
It was significant because it resulted in the peaceful migration of people seeking new opportunities.
What was the Great Awakening?
A religious revival movement that swept through the American colonies in the 18th century, emphasizing individual faith and emotional involvement.
A political movement that led to the drafting of the U.S. Constitution.
A military campaign during the American Revolution.
An economic policy promoting trade between the colonies and Europe.
Comparison Chart - Fill in the table Region: New England Soil Type: ____________ Climate: ____________ Main Industries/Products: ____________
Soil Type: Rocky, thin soil Climate: Cold winters, short growing season Main Industries/Products: Shipbuilding, fishing, lumber, small-scale farming
Soil Type: Fertile, rich soil Climate: Mild winters, long growing season Main Industries/Products: Tobacco, rice, indigo
Soil Type: Sandy, poor soil Climate: Hot, humid summers Main Industries/Products: Cotton, sugarcane, large plantations
Soil Type: Volcanic, fertile soil Climate: Tropical, wet and dry seasons Main Industries/Products: Pineapples, sugar, tourism
Comparison Chart - Fill in the table Region: Middle Colonies Soil Type: ____________ Climate: ____________ Main Industries/Products: ____________
Soil Type: Fertile soil Climate: Moderate climate Main Industries/Products: Farming (grains), livestock, ironworks
Soil Type: Rocky soil Climate: Harsh winters Main Industries/Products: Shipbuilding, fishing
Soil Type: Sandy soil Climate: Hot and humid Main Industries/Products: Tobacco, rice, indigo
Soil Type: Clay soil Climate: Dry and arid Main Industries/Products: Mining, cattle ranching
Comparison Chart - Fill in the table Region: Southern Colonies Soil Type: ____________ Climate: ____________ Main Industries/Products: ____________
Soil Type: Rich, fertile soil Climate: Warm climate, long growing season Main Industries/Products: Plantation agriculture (tobacco, rice, indigo, cotton)
Soil Type: Rocky, thin soil Climate: Cold climate, short growing season Main Industries/Products: Shipbuilding, fishing, lumber
Soil Type: Moderately fertile soil Climate: Mild climate, moderate growing season Main Industries/Products: Mixed farming, ironworks, textiles
Soil Type: Sandy, poor soil Climate: Dry climate, very short growing season Main Industries/Products: Mining, fur trading
Geography determined what kind of economy each colonial region developed by:
influencing available resources and climate, which shaped economic activities
ensuring all regions had the same economic opportunities
making every region focus only on manufacturing
forcing all regions to rely solely on trade
Which of the following correctly lists the documents in chronological order and explains what each established? A. Magna Carta (limited the king's power), Mayflower Compact (self-government), English Bill of Rights (rights of citizens), Declaration of Independence (independence from Britain) B. Mayflower Compact (self-government), Magna Carta (limited the king's power), Declaration of Independence (independence from Britain), English Bill of Rights (rights of citizens) C. Declaration of Independence (independence from Britain), Magna Carta (limited the king's power), Mayflower Compact (self-government), English Bill of Rights (rights of citizens) D. English Bill of Rights (rights of citizens), Magna Carta (limited the king's power), Mayflower Compact (self-government), Declaration of Independence (independence from Britain)
A. Magna Carta (limited the king's power), Mayflower Compact (self-government), English Bill of Rights (rights of citizens), Declaration of Independence (independence from Britain)
B. Mayflower Compact (self-government), Magna Carta (limited the king's power), Declaration of Independence (independence from Britain), English Bill of Rights (rights of citizens)
C. Declaration of Independence (independence from Britain), Magna Carta (limited the king's power), Mayflower Compact (self-government), English Bill of Rights (rights of citizens)
D. English Bill of Rights (rights of citizens), Magna Carta (limited the king's power), Mayflower Compact (self-government), Declaration of Independence (independence from Britain)
New England colonists turned to industries like shipbuilding and fishing instead of large-scale farming because:
the region's soil and climate were not suitable for large-scale farming.
they had a tradition of shipbuilding and fishing in England.
there was a lack of demand for farm products in New England.
the government banned large-scale farming in the region.
The Middle and Southern colonies were similar and different in their economies in which of the following ways?
Both had agricultural economies, but the Southern colonies relied more on plantation agriculture and enslaved labor.
Both focused primarily on manufacturing and trade, with little emphasis on agriculture.
The Middle colonies relied solely on fishing, while the Southern colonies focused on mining.
Both colonies had economies based only on small family farms with no use of enslaved labor.
Social Contract: An agreement between the ____________ and the ____________ where people give up some freedoms for protection and order.
people, government
government, people
citizens, police
leaders, citizens
Natural Rights: All people are born with ____________, ____________, and ____________. These ideas came from philosopher ____________.
life, liberty, property, John Locke
freedom, happiness, equality, Thomas Hobbes
justice, peace, security, Jean-Jacques Rousseau
power, wealth, fame, Montesquieu
Rights of Englishmen: Included the right to a ____________ and protection from ____________.
trial by jury, unfair punishment
public education, high taxes
vote in all elections, military service
own land, forced labor
Limited Government: Government power should be ____________, not absolute. This principle was established in the ____________.
limited, Magna Carta
unlimited, Constitution
absolute, Bill of Rights
restricted, Declaration of Independence
Key Enlightenment Thinkers John Locke: Believed people have ____________ rights.
natural
absolute
conditional
temporary
Key Enlightenment Thinkers Baron de Montesquieu: Known for ____________ of powers.
separation
unification
elimination
centralization
Key Enlightenment Thinkers Benjamin Franklin: Best represented ____________ thinking in America.
Enlightenment
Romantic
Medieval
Puritan
Important Documents Magna Carta (1215): Said rulers must ____________ the law.
follow
ignore
rewrite
destroy
Mayflower Compact (1620): Written by the ____________; created ____________ in Plymouth.
Pilgrims; self-government
Puritans; religious freedom
Quakers; representative democracy
Colonists; a monarchy
The 13 Colonies Main economic activity in ALL colonies: ____________
farming
mining
shipbuilding
fishing
New England Colonies Soil: ____________ and rocky
thin
fertile
moist
rich
New England Colonies Winters: ____________ and cold
long
short
mild
rainy
New England Colonies Two main industries: ____________ and ____________
shipbuilding; fishing
farming; mining
textiles; banking
cotton; tobacco
Other industries: ____________, ____________
fishing, shipbuilding
textiles, pottery
mining, forestry
banking, insurance
Soil: ____________
fertile
liquid
plastic
metallic
Middle Colonies Colonies: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware Climate: ____________
mild
arid
tropical
polar
Middle Colonies Colonies: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware This allowed for ____________ and large ____________
farming, harvests
mining, cities
fishing, ports
trading, ships
Middle Colonies Colonies: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware Known as the “____________ Colonies”
Breadbasket
Cotton
Gold
Timber
Southern Colonies Colonies: Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia Soil: ____________ Word Bank: rich, warm, plantations, tobacco, rice, indigo, cotton
rich
plantations
tobacco
indigo
Southern Colonies Colonies: Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia Climate: ____________ Word Bank: rich, warm, plantations, tobacco, rice, indigo, cotton
warm
plantations
tobacco
cotton
Southern Colonies Colonies: Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia Allowed for large ____________
plantations
villages
factories
mines
Southern Colonies Colonies: Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia Main products: ____________, ____________, ____________, ____________, ____________
tobacco, rice, indigo, cotton
wheat, barley, oats, rye
fish, lumber, furs, ships
corn, beans, squash, potatoes
Part 3: Colonial Trade & Economy Cash Crop: A crop grown to ____________
sell
eat
store
decorate
Plantation: A large ____________ that used enslaved labor.
farm
city
factory
school
Imports: Goods brought ____________ a country.
into
outside
over
under
Exports: Goods sent ____________ a country.
out of
into
within
around
Subsistence Farming: Growing just enough for ____________. (Word Bank: sell, farm, into, out of, family)
family
sell
farm
out of
Middle Passage: The route that brought ____________ to the ____________.
enslaved Africans, Americas
spices, Europe
cotton, Asia
gold, Africa
Significance: Showed the cruelty and importance of ____________ to colonial economy.
slavery
democracy
immigration
technology
Great Awakening: A religious ____________ that made people more ____________ and challenged authority.
movement, equal
war, divided
festival, isolated
revolution, obedient
Geography & Economy: Geography shaped the economy because ________________________________.
different regions had access to different resources and climates, leading to varied economic activities.
all regions had the same resources, so economies were identical everywhere.
the economy was not affected by geography at all.
people ignored the natural features of their land when developing economies.
5. ______________ (1689)
English Bill of Rights
Magna Carta
Declaration of Independence
Petition of Right
Word Bank: Magna Carta, Mayflower Compact, English Bill of Rights, Declaration of Independence 6. ______________ (1776)
Declaration of Independence
Magna Carta
Mayflower Compact
English Bill of Rights
New England colonists turned to shipbuilding and fishing because _____________________________________________.
the soil was rocky and the climate was not suitable for large-scale farming
they wanted to avoid paying taxes on crops
the region had a shortage of trees for building houses
the government forced them to stop farming
The Middle Colonies had ______________________________________, while the Southern Colonies had ______________________________________.
The Middle Colonies had a mix of farming and industry, while the Southern Colonies had large plantations and relied on agriculture.
The Middle Colonies had only large plantations, while the Southern Colonies had mostly small farms and industries.
The Middle Colonies had a desert climate, while the Southern Colonies had cold winters and little farming.
The Middle Colonies had no agriculture, while the Southern Colonies focused on shipbuilding and trade.
