A 65 Y/O M with Hx of HTN presents to the clinic. He reports a single episode yesterday of sudden, painless vision loss in his right eye that he described as "a black curtain coming down from above." The episode lasted about 2 minutes and his vision is now completely back to normal. O/E: BP 155/90 mmHg. Visual acuity 20/20 in both eyes. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A 68 Y/O M with Hx of DM & HTN c/o acute, painless L eye vision loss. He reports preceding flashes of light and a shower of new floaters, which was followed by the appearance of a progressive peripheral shadow. The underlying pathophysiology of this patient's most likely condition involves a tear in the retina allowing what substance to seep behind it?

A 65 Y/O F presents to the ED with a 3-hour Hx of sudden, severe right eye pain, headache, and nausea. O/E, her R eye is injected, the pupil is mid-dilated and fixed, and the cornea appears hazy. Intraocular pressure (IOP) is 55 mmHg. The Dx of Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma is made. What is the most appropriate initial combination of pharmacological agents for this patient?

A 58 Y/O M with a long Hx of poorly controlled T2DM undergoes a routine fundoscopy. VA is 6/9 bilaterally. O/E, fundus shows multiple dot-blot hemorrhages, hard exudates, and venous beading. Notably, there are also fine new vessels originating directly from the optic disc. Which finding classifies this condition as high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy?

A 62 Y/O M with a long Hx of T2DM & HTN c/o progressive vision loss x1Y, now with significant glare & "halos" around lights at night. O/E, visual acuity is 6/18 bilaterally with a diminished red reflex. Fundoscopy is unremarkable for proliferative changes. What is the most likely diagnosis explaining his primary visual symptoms?

A 54 Y/O F is diagnosed with acute dacryocystitis, presenting with a tender, erythematous swelling over the lacrimal sac. She is afebrile and systemically well. You have arranged an urgent referral to ophthalmology. What is the most appropriate initial outpatient prescription to start immediately?

58 Y/O M with a 10-year Hx of poorly controlled HTN presents for a routine exam. He denies any visual changes. O/E: BP is 175/105 mmHg. Fundoscopy is performed. Which of the following findings on fundoscopy is most specific for chronic hypertensive retinopathy in this patient?

34 Y/O M with HIV, non-compliant with ART, presents for a routine exam. He is visually asymptomatic. CD4 count is 80 cells/mm³. O/E: Fundoscopy shows multiple cotton-wool spots without associated hemorrhage or vitritis. What is the most likely Dx?

45 Y/O M currently on Rx for pulmonary TB c/o severe R eye pain, photophobia, and redness x3D. O/E: Vision is blurred in the R eye. There is a marked ciliary flush (redness concentrated around the cornea). The pupil is constricted and poorly reactive to light. What is the most likely diagnosis?