WorksheetsBone Terminology and Structures
Total questions: 49
Worksheet time: 25mins
What is a canal or meatus?
A hole for nerves and vessels
A passage or tunnel through a bone
sharp ridge
A depression in a bone
What is a process?
A small cavity
A joint surface
A ridge
A projection or bump on a bone
What is a foramen?
A hole for blood vessels or nerves
depression
A ridge
A joint cavity
What is a fissure?
A round hole
A small pit
A narrow slit-like opening
A rough bump
What is a trochanter?
A small hole
A large, rough projection on the femur
A smooth joint surface
A groove
What is a facet?
A smooth, flat surface where bones meet
A ridge on a bone
A hole in the skull
A depression
What is a fossa?
A canal
A shallow depression in a bone
A joint cavity
A rough area
What is a crest?
A depression
A flat surface
A hole
A narrow ridge on a bone
What is a spine (bone marking)?
A groove
A rounded bump
A sharp, slender projection
A cavity
What is a tuberosity?
A large, rough area for muscle attachment
A hole for nerves
A narrow ridge
A smooth surface
Functions & Structure
Which is NOT a function of the skeletal system?
Protection
Movement
Digestion
Support
Which bone type is long and acts as a lever?
Irregular bone
Short bone
Flat bone
Long bone
What are the three main regions of a long bone?
Compact, spongy, medullary
Diaphysis, epiphysis, metaphysis
Axial, appendicular, cranial
Upper, middle, lower
What is appositional growth?
Growth in bone width
Growth in bone length
Bone repair
Bone softening
Which bone cell builds new bone?
Osteocyte
Osteoclast
Osteoblast
Chondrocyte
Which bone cell breaks down bone?
Osteoclast
Osteocyte
Fibroblast
Osteoblast
The periosteum covers the ___ surface of bone
Inner
Marrow
Articular
Outer
Which hormone raises blood calcium levels?
Insulin
Estrogen
PTH (parathyroid hormone)
Calcitonin
Which hormone lowers blood calcium levels?
Calcitonin
PTH
Growth hormone
Melatonin
What disorder causes tall, thin limbs due to connective tissue weakness?
Rickets
Marfan syndrome
Gigantism
Acromegaly
Which disorder causes extremely tall height in children due to excess growth hormone?
Marfan syndrome
Achondroplasia
Gigantism
Acromegaly
What disorder causes short limbs and normal trunk size?
Marfan syndrome
Acromegaly
Clubfoot
Achondroplasia
Which condition is a foot turning inward at birth?
Clubfoot
Gigantism
Acromegaly
Marfan
Which disorder causes enlarged hands, feet, and face in adults?
Achondroplasia
Gigantism
Acromegaly
Marfan syndrome
What is the first step in fracture repair?
Hematoma formation
Callus formation
Remodeling
Bone fusion
What fracture breaks bone cleanly across?
Spiral
. Transverse
Greenstick
Comminuted
What fracture twists around the bone?
Spiral
Transverse
Comminuted
Open
What fracture is incomplete and common in kids?
Spiral
Comminuted
Transverse
Greenstick
What fracture shatters the bone into many pieces?
Greenstick
Comminuted
Spiral
Open
How many facial bones are there?
14
8
22
10
How many cranial bones are there?
6
8
10
12
The axial skeleton includes:
Hands and feet
Shoulders and hips
Skull, spine, and rib cage
Arms and legs
What connects the skull to the spine?
Suture lines
Mandible
Zygomatic arch
Occipital condyles
hat are the soft spots on a baby’s skull called?
Sutures
Fontanelles
Fissures
Condyles
What bones make the zygomatic arch?
Temporal and zygomatic bones
Frontal and maxilla
Ethmoid and sphenoid
Mandible and temporal
What are the 4 skull sutures?
Superior, middle, inferior, lateral
Mandibular, palatine, nasal, sphenoid
Coronal, sagittal, lambdoid, squamous
Frontal, occipital, temporal, parietal
What are the 3 auditory ossicles?
Temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid
Radius, ulna, humerus
Hammer, nail, drum
Malleus, incus, stapes
What bones form the pectoral girdle?
Ilium and ischium
Sternum and ribs
Clavicle and scapula
Humerus and ulna
What bones fuse to form the hip?
Ilium, ischium, pubis
Sacrum, coccyx, femur
Tibia, fibula, talus
Patella, femur, tibia
Joints
What is the purpose of synovial fluid?
Muscle contraction
Lubrication and shock absorption
Blood transport
Bone growth
What is a bursa?
Fluid-filled sac that reduces friction
Bone depression
Joint capsule
Nerve opening
What is luxation?
Fracture repair
Bone growth
Dislocation of a joint
Inflammation
What is osteoporosis?
Overgrowth of bone
Joint infection
. Muscle loss
Weak, brittle bones due to bone loss
What type of joint allows rotation (like the neck)?
Pivot joint
Hinge joint
Gliding joint
Saddle joint
Which joint type allows the most movement?
Hinge
Ball-and-socket
Pivot
Gliding
Why is the shoulder joint easily dislocated?
It has no fluid
It has strong ligaments
It’s tightly packed
It has a shallow socket
What bones form the elbow joint?
Humerus, radius, ulna
Femur, tibia, fibula
Clavicle, scapula, humerus
Radius, ulna, carpals
What bones form the knee joint?
Radius, ulna, humerus
Fibula, talus, calcaneus
Femur, tibia, patella
Pelvis, femur, fibula
What are the two types of IVDD (intervertebral disc disease)?
Bulging and herniated discs
Compressed and fused discs
Curved and flat discs
Thick and thin discs
