WorksheetsHormonal Regulation and Endocrine System Worksheet
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 15mins
Hormonal regulation refers to the process by which hormones control and coordinate various functions in the body. Which of the following best defines hormonal regulation?
The process by which hormones control and coordinate various functions in the body.
The process by which enzymes break down food in the digestive system.
The process by which nerve impulses transmit signals between neurons.
The process by which blood cells transport oxygen throughout the body.
Which structure is known as the “master gland” of the endocrine system?
Pituitary gland
Thyroid gland
Adrenal cortex
Pancreas
A nurse explains that hormones act as:
Chemical messengers influencing target organs
Digestive enzymes that break down nutrients
Electrical impulses that stimulate muscles
Carrier proteins in the blood plasma
Which statement best describes negative feedback regulation?
Hormone secretion decreases when blood levels reach normal range
Hormone secretion continues to rise despite normal levels
Hormone release is triggered by nerve impulses only
Hormones are stored until mechanical pressure is applied
Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?
Oxytocin release during childbirth enhancing uterine contractions
Insulin secretion lowering blood glucose levels
Parathyroid hormone maintaining calcium balance
ADH reducing water loss through the kidneys
What effect does aging have on antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
Decreased secretion increases risk for dehydration
Increased secretion leads to fluid overload
No significant change occurs with age
Decreased secretion causes water retention
During adolescence, which hormones increase to trigger puberty?
Gonadotropins (FSH and LH)
Thyroxine (T4 and T3)
Insulin and glucagon
Cortisol and aldosterone
Which condition results from receptor-site insensitivity to a hormone?
Type 2 diabetes mellitus
Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Addison’s disease
Cushing’s syndrome
A client with an adrenal tumor develops Cushing’s syndrome. This represents which cause of hormonal imbalance?
Tumor causing gland hypersecretion
Genetic deficiency causing underproduction
Receptor-site malfunction
Stress-related overactivation of the HPA axis
Which patient is most at risk for impaired hormonal regulation?
A. A 68-year-old obese woman receiving long-term corticosteroid therapy
B. A 28-year-old male who exercises regularly
C. A 19-year-old female with normal BMI
D. A 40-year-old man with no chronic illness
Primary prevention for maintaining hormonal balance includes:
Balanced diet, exercise, and stress management
Routine MRI of endocrine glands
Corticosteroid replacement therapy
Monthly thyroid hormone injections
Secondary prevention for hormonal disorders includes:
Screening newborns for congenital hypothyroidism
Encouraging relaxation to reduce cortisol
A nurse palpates an enlarged thyroid gland during assessment. What is the next priority step?
Notify provider for thyroid function testing
Begin iodine supplementation immediately
Restrict patient's fluids
Apply cold compress to reduce swelling
Which physical finding is most consistent with hypothyroidism?
Dry skin and weight gain
Heat intolerance and tachycardia
Exophthalmos and anxiety
Thin hair and oily skin
A patient with SIADH requires which fluid management approach?
Fluid restriction and monitoring sodium levels
Increased oral fluids and sodium restriction
IV hypotonic fluid replacement
Encouraging 3 L water intake daily
Which diagnostic test evaluates the adrenal gland’s ability to respond to stimulation?
ACTH stimulation test
TSH suppression test
Dexamethasone suppression test
Growth hormone tolerance test
Post-thyroidectomy, which nursing assessment is priority?
Monitor airway for obstruction
Measure urine output every 2 hours
Administer glucose infusion
Encourage early ambulation
Which diet is appropriate for a client with hyperthyroidism?
High-calorie, high-protein diet
Low-iodine, low-protein diet
High-fiber, low-fat diet
Fluid-restricted, low-sodium diet
The nurse teaches a diabetic client that regular exercise helps by:
Increasing cellular insulin sensitivity
Suppressing insulin production
Raising blood glucose concentration
Reducing pancreatic secretion
A patient with chronic stress shows signs of weight gain and hypertension. Which hormone is likely elevated?
Cortisol
Aldosterone
Thyroxine (T4)
Parathyroid hormone
A client reports fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. Which lab result supports the nurse’s suspicion of hypothyroidism?
Elevated TSH and decreased T4
Decreased TSH and elevated T4
Elevated cortisol and low ACTH
Low insulin and high glucose
A 19-year-old male presents with delayed puberty and sparse facial hair. Which gland is most likely affected?
Pituitary gland
Adrenal medulla
Parathyroid gland
Thyroid gland
A patient with Cushing’s syndrome has facial rounding, truncal obesity, and hypertension. What is the priority nursing intervention?
Monitor for infection due to immune suppression
Restrict fluid intake
Encourage high-calorie diet
Administer insulin
A nurse is caring for a client with diabetes insipidus after a head injury. Which finding requires immediate action?
Urine specific gravity of 1.002
Blood pressure of 124/78 mm Hg
Serum sodium of 138 mEq/L
Urine output of 800 mL over 8 hours
A patient taking high-dose prednisone for 6 months suddenly stops the medication. What complication should the nurse monitor for?
Adrenal crisis
SIADH
Cushing’s syndrome
Hyperthyroidism
Which assessment finding is consistent with SIADH?
Hyponatremia and low urine output
Hypernatremia and polyuria
Elevated potassium and dehydration
Hypocalcemia and muscle twitching
A nurse provides discharge teaching for a patient newly diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding?
I will rotate my insulin injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy.
I can stop taking insulin once my glucose returns to normal.
I should always take my insulin before checking my blood sugar.
I’ll take my insulin only when I eat high-sugar foods.
After a thyroidectomy, a client reports tingling around the mouth and fingertips. Which condition should the nurse suspect?
Hypocalcemia from parathyroid injury
Hypoglycemia from insulin imbalance
A patient with Addison’s disease is admitted with low blood pressure, weakness, and nausea. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate?
IV hydrocortisone sodium succinate
Oral levothyroxine
Subcutaneous insulin
IV potassium chloride
A nurse teaches stress management to a patient with obesity. Which physiologic rationale should the nurse include?
Chronic stress elevates cortisol, promoting abdominal fat storage
Stress reduces insulin release, causing muscle wasting
Stress increases ADH, leading to rapid weight loss
Stress enhances thyroid function and metabolic rate
