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Antibiotic Drug Classes NCLEX Quiz (50 Questions) - Penicillins

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

A client reports a rash and difficulty breathing after taking amoxicillin. What is the nurse’s priority action?

a)

Administer diphenhydramine

b)

Notify the healthcare provider immediately

c)

Document the reaction and continue monitoring

d)

Administer the next scheduled dose

2.

The nurse should question a prescription for penicillin G if the patient has a known allergy to:

a)

Cephalexin

b)

Vancomycin

c)

Ciprofloxacin

d)

Azithromycin

3.

Which teaching is most important for a client receiving piperacillin?

a)

Avoid sunlight exposure

b)

Report signs of allergic reaction

c)

Take with milk or antacids

d)

Expect harmless tooth discoloration

4.

What is a common cross-reactivity concern between penicillins and cephalosporins?

a)

Nephrotoxicity

b)

Hypersensitivity reactions

c)

Photosensitivity

d)

Ototoxicity

5.

The nurse asks a client about their previous allergic reaction to penicillin. Why is this important?

a)

To verify if it was an anaphylactic response

b)

To confirm the medication dose

c)

To determine if it caused photosensitivity

6.

Which cephalosporin is often used for surgical prophylaxis?

a)

Ceftriaxone

b)

Cefazolin

c)

Cephalexin

d)

Vancomycin

7.

The nurse should monitor for what if a client receiving ceftriaxone develops diarrhea?

a)

Clostridium difficile infection

b)

Ototoxicity

c)

Crystalluria

d)

Red man syndrome

8.

A client allergic to penicillin is prescribed cephalexin. What should the nurse do first?

a)

Administer the medication as ordered

b)

Notify the provider of potential cross-allergy

c)

Give an antihistamine before administration

d)

Reduce the dose by half

9.

Which statement by the client taking ceftriaxone indicates a need for further teaching?

a)

I’ll notify my doctor if I develop a rash.

b)

I can drink alcohol with this medication.

c)

I’ll finish the entire course even if I feel better.

d)

I’ll report any severe diarrhea.

10.

Which lab values should be monitored for clients taking cephalosporins?

a)

AST and ALT

b)

BUN and creatinine

c)

ICP

d)

Calcium and magnesium

11.

The nurse should infuse vancomycin over at least:

a)

15 minutes

b)

30 minutes

c)

60 minutes

d)

90 minutes

12.

A client develops flushing and itching during a vancomycin infusion. The nurse should:

a)

Stop the infusion immediately and call the provider

b)

Increase the infusion rate

c)

Slow the infusion and monitor closely

d)

Administer an additional dose

13.

What should the nurse monitor to detect vancomycin toxicity?

a)

Blood glucose

b)

Trough levels

c)

White blood cell count

d)

Platelet count

14.

Which finding indicates possible nephrotoxicity from vancomycin?

a)

Decreased urine output

b)

Bradycardia

c)

Drowsiness

d)

Hypotension

15.

Which symptom should prompt the nurse to report potential ototoxicity from vancomycin?

a)

Metallic taste

b)

Tinnitus

c)

Visual changes

d)

headache

16.

The nurse should assess for which adverse effect of gentamicin?

a)

Hyperkalemia

b)

Nephrotoxicity

c)

Diarrhea

d)

Photosensitivity

17.

What lab test helps monitor aminoglycoside safety?

a)

Hemoglobin

b)

Trough levels

c)

Blood glucose

d)

INR

18.

A client on tobramycin reports dizziness and hearing loss. What should the nurse suspect?

a)

Ototoxicity

b)

Red man syndrome

c)

Neurotoxicity

d)

Photosensitivity

19.

The nurse should hold the next dose of gentamicin if:

a)

The trough level is below therapeutic range

b)

The client’s urine output is 20 mL/hr

c)

The client reports mild nausea

d)

The client’s BUN is normal

20.

Aminoglycoside therapy is most concerning when used concurrently with:

a)

NSAIDs

b)

Beta blockers

c)

Antacids

d)

Steroids

21.

A client taking ciprofloxacin reports heel pain. The nurse should:

a)

Encourage range-of-motion exercises

b)

Advise to continue medication

c)

Stop the drug and notify the provider

d)

Apply heat to the area

22.

Clients on levofloxacin should avoid:

a)

Sunlight

b)

raw nuts

c)

High-protein diets

d)

Potassium-rich foods

23.

Fluoroquinolones are contraindicated in which situation?

a)

History of tendon rupture

b)

Hypertension

c)

Diabetes

d)

GERD

24.

The nurse provides teaching for ciprofloxacin. Which statement indicates understanding?

a)

I should avoid tanning beds and use sunscreen.

b)

I can stop taking the medication once my fever is gone.

c)

I can take this with milk for stomach upset.

d)

It’s okay to exercise vigorously while on this drug.

25.

Which adverse effect is unique to fluoroquinolones?

a)

Ototoxicity

b)

Tendon rupture

c)

Nephrotoxicity

d)

Tooth discoloration

26.

Which adverse effect is associated with azithromycin?

a)

QT prolongation

b)

Nephrotoxicity

c)

Photosensitivity

d)

Ototoxicity

27.

What should be monitored for clients receiving erythromycin?

a)

ECG

b)

Blood glucose

c)

Vision

d)

Platelet count

28.

The nurse teaches a client on erythromycin to report:

a)

Flushing

b)

Palpitations

c)

Constipation

d)

Drowsiness

29.

Macrolides are often prescribed for clients allergic to:

a)

Penicillins

b)

Tetracyclines

c)

Sulfonamides

d)

Fluoroquinolones

30.

What teaching should be included with azithromycin therapy?

a)

Avoid antacids within 2 hours

b)

Increase calcium intake

c)

Take with milk

d)

Avoid potassium supplements

31.

Which client should not receive tetracycline?

a)

24-year-old with pneumonia

b)

30-year-old with acne

c)

7-year-old with otitis media

d)

40-year-old with bronchitis

32.

Doxycycline should not be taken with:

a)

Calcium or iron supplements

b)

Fruit juice

c)

Food high in protein

d)

Vitamin D

33.

The nurse advises a client on tetracycline to avoid:

a)

Sunlight exposure

b)

Citrus fruits

c)

Dairy alternatives

d)

Fiber supplements

34.

Which finding indicates effective tetracycline teaching?

a)

I will finish all my medication.

b)

I will take this with milk to prevent stomach upset.

c)

I can give this medication to my child if they get sick.

d)

It’s safe to go tanning while on this medication.

35.

A nurse suspects tetracycline toxicity if the client develops:

a)

Tooth discoloration

b)

Flushing

c)

Confusion

d)

Seizures

36.

Which drug combination is a sulfonamide?

a)

Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim

b)

Azithromycin-clavulanate

c)

Piperacillin-tazobactam

d)

Doxycycline-hydrochloride

37.

The nurse should instruct the client on sulfonamide therapy to:

a)

Limit potassium-rich foods

b)

Avoid high fluid intake

c)

Avoid high fluid intake

d)

Increase water intake

38.

What adverse effect should be reported immediately when taking sulfadiazine?

a)

Rash or blistering

b)

Diarrhea

c)

Drowsiness

d)

Metallic taste

39.

Stevens-Johnson syndrome presents as:

a)

Small pinpoint bruises

b)

Widespread blistering rash

c)

Muscle weakness

d)

Urinary retention

40.

Which laboratory finding requires follow-up for a client on sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim?

a)

Elevated BUN

b)

Low calcium

c)

Decreased WBC

d)

Elevated potassium

41.

Which antibiotics cause nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity?

a)

A. Aminoglycosides and glycopeptides

b)

B. Macrolides and tetracyclines

c)

C. Penicillins and sulfonamides

d)

D. Cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones

42.

Which antibiotics require monitoring for photosensitivity?

a)

Fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, sulfonamides

b)

Penicillins, cephalosporins, glycopeptides

c)

Aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines

43.

The nurse should teach the client taking ciprofloxacin and doxycycline to:

a)

Avoid sunlight

b)

Take with dairy

c)

Increase vitamin K intake

d)

Expect tooth staining

44.

Which drug requires trough level monitoring?

a)

Vancomycin

b)

Ciprofloxacin

c)

Doxycycline

d)

Cefazolin

45.

What is the best nursing action before starting antibiotic therapy?

a)

Obtain a culture and sensitivity

b)

Begin therapy immediately

c)

Increase fluid intake

d)

Assess liver enzymes

46.

Which antibiotic is associated with red man syndrome?

a)

Vancomycin

b)

Gentamicin

c)

Ciprofloxacin

d)

Azithromycin

47.

A client reports tinnitus after receiving gentamicin. The nurse should:

a)

Notify the provider immediately

b)

Continue monitoring

c)

Offer acetaminophen

d)

Hold all fluids

48.

The nurse teaches the client to drink plenty of fluids while on which antibiotic?

a)

Sulfonamides

b)

Macrolides

c)

Penicillins

d)

Cephalosporins

49.

Which antibiotics should be avoided in pregnancy due to fetal effects?

a)

Tetracyclines

b)

Penicillins

c)

Cephalosporins

d)

Macrolides

50.

A patient develops itching and flushing during vancomycin infusion. The nurse recognizes this as:

a)

Red man syndrome

b)

Stevens-Johnson syndrome

c)

Allergic reaction

d)

Photosensitivity

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