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Question bio 3

Total questions: 104

Worksheet time: 55mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which one of the following is not one of the four main tissue categories?

a)

muscle tissue

b)

neural tissue

c)

osseous tissue

d)

connective tissue

e)

epithelial tissue

2.

The tissue that always has a "top" and a "bottom" is

a)

epithelial tissue.

b)

connective tissue.

c)

muscle tissue.

d)

basal tissue.

e)

apical tissue.

3.

Functions of epithelia include all of the following, except

a)

providing physical protection.

b)

controlling permeability.

c)

absorption.

d)

producing specialized secretions.

e)

supporting muscle cells

4.

Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for

a)

contraction.

b)

conduction.

c)

secretion

5.

Epithelial cells that are adapted for absorption or secretion usually have ______ at their free surface.

a)

mitochondria

b)

cilia

c)

microvilli

d)

junctional complexes

e)

Golgi complexes

6.

The type of intercellular junction that stops materials from crossing an epithelium between cells is termed a(n) ______.

a)

occluding junction

b)

gap junction

c)

desmosome

d)

adherens junction

7.

Dead skin cells are shed in thin sheets because they are held together by "spots" of proteoglycan reinforced by intermediate filaments. Such strong intercellular connections are called

a)

gap junctions.

b)

intermediate junctions.

c)

tight junctions.

d)

desmosomes.

e)

junctional complexes.

8.

Epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by

a)

keratin.

b)

interfacial canals.

c)

a basal lamina.

d)

a reticular lamina.

e)

proteoglycan.

9.

The basic shapes of epithelial cells include all of the following, except

a)

oval

b)

squamous

c)

cuboidal

d)

columnar

e)

both A and B

10.

Mesothelium is to the body cavities as endothelium is to the

a)

kidneys.

b)

heart and blood vessels.

c)

urinary bladder.

d)

mouth.

e)

large intestine.

11.

The epithelia that line body cavities and blood vessels are classified as

a)

simple squamous.

b)

stratified squamous.

12.

Which of the following statements about simple epithelia is false?

a)

They afford little mechanical protection.

b)

They are characteristic of regions where secretion or absorption occurs.

c)

They line internal compartments and passageways.

d)

They cover surfaces subjected to mechanical or chemical stress.

e)

They are avascular.

13.

A type of epithelium found where absorption or secretion takes place is ______ epithelium.

a)

simple squamous

b)

simple cuboidal

c)

pseudostratified columnar

d)

simple columnar

e)

any of the above

14.

Simple cuboidal epithelium is found

a)

at the surface of the skin.

b)

lining the trachea.

c)

lining blood vessels.

d)

forming the kidney tubules.

e)

lining the air sacs of the lungs.

15.

Simple columnar epithelia are found

a)

lining the urinary bladder.

b)

lining the ducts that drain sweat glands.

c)

lining kidney tubules.

d)

lining the stomach.

e)

at the surface of the skin.

16.

Transitional epithelium is found

a)

lining the urinary bladder.

b)

lining the ducts that drain sweat glands.

c)

lining kidney tubules.

d)

lining the stomach.

e)

at the surface of the skin.

17.

The heart and blood vessels are lined by

a)

pseudostratified columnar epithelium.

b)

transitional epithelium.

c)

simple cuboidal epithelium.

d)

simple columnar epithelium.

e)

simple squamous epithelium.

18.

You would find pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining the

a)

trachea.

b)

urinary bladder.

c)

secretory portions of the pancreas.

d)

surface of the skin.

e)

stomach.

19.

Glands that secrete hormones into the interstitial fluid are

a)

endocrine glands.

b)

interstitial glands.

c)

exocrine glands.

d)

merocrine glands.

e)

holocrine glands.

20.

Which of the following is a type of secretion in which some cytoplasm is lost with the product?

a)

holocrine

b)

merocrine

c)

apocrine

d)

mucus

e)

serous

21.

Connective tissue fibers are produced mainly by

a)

fibroblasts.

b)

macrophages.

c)

adipocytes.

d)

mast cells.

e)

melanocytes.

22.

Cells that store fat are called

a)

adipocytes

b)

erythrocytes

c)

osteocytes

d)

chondrocytes

23.

Loose connective tissue functions in all of the following ways, except

a)

transporting substances between cells.

b)

supporting epithelia.

c)

anchoring blood vessels and nerves.

d)

storing triacylglycerols.

e)

filling spaces between organs.

24.

The framework or stroma of organs such as the spleen, liver, and lymph nodes is made up of ________ tissue.

a)

loose connective

b)

regular dense connective

c)

irregular dense connective

d)

reticular connective

e)

adipose

25.

The dominant fiber type in dense connective tissue is

a)

collagen.

b)

elastin.

c)

actin.

d)

myosin.

e)

connectin.

26.

Each of the following is an example of dense connective tissue, except

a)

tendons.

b)

ligaments.

c)

aponeuroses.

d)

areolar tissue.

e)

elastic tissue.

27.

Tissues that provide strength and support for areas subjected to stresses from many directions are

a)

tendons.

b)

ligaments.

c)

dense irregular connective tissue

28.

What type of cell makes up almost half the volume of blood?

a)

erythrocyte

b)

leukocyte

c)

platelet

d)

monocyte

e)

phagocyte

29.

Chondroitin sulfate is abundant in the matrix of

a)

epithelial tissue.

b)

cartilage.

c)

areolar tissue.

d)

elastic connective tissue.

e)

adipose tissue.

30.

Chondrocytes are to cartilage as osteocytes are to

a)

blood.

b)

epithelium.

c)

fat.

d)

bone.

e)

neural tissue.

31.

Cartilage is separated from surrounding tissues by a fibrous

a)

perichondrium.

b)

lacunae.

c)

periosteum.

d)

canaliculi.

e)

matrix.

32.

The most common type of cartilage is ______ cartilage.

a)

ligamentous

b)

hyaline

c)

elastic

d)

fibrous

e)

osseous

33.

Osseous tissue is also called

a)

cartilage.

b)

fat.

c)

cellulite.

d)

bone.

e)

ligament.

34.

Which of the following membranes line cavities that communicate with the exterior of the body?

a)

mucous

b)

serous

c)

cutaneous

d)

synovial

e)

pleural

35.

The reduction of friction between the parietal and visceral surfaces of an internal cavity is the function of

a)

cutaneous membranes.

b)

mucous membranes.

c)

serous membranes.

d)

synovial membranes.

e)

the lamina propria.

36.

The serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity is the

a)

pleura.

b)

peritoneum.

c)

pericardium.

d)

periosteum.

e)

perichondrium.

37.

Which of these refers to the dense connective tissue that surrounds a muscle and blends with the tendon?

a)

superficial fascia

b)

hypodermis

c)

deep fascia

d)

subserous fascia

e)

subcutaneous layer

38.

Tissue that is specialized for contraction is ______ tissue.

a)

loose connective

b)

dense connective

c)

epithelial

d)

nerve

e)

muscle

39.

Satellite cells are found in association with

a)

skeletal muscle.

b)

smooth muscle.

c)

cardiac muscle.

d)

involuntary muscle.

e)

both C and D

40.

The muscle tissue that shows no striations is ______ muscle.

a)

skeletal

b)

cardiac

c)

smooth

d)

voluntary

e)

multinucleated

41.

Tissue that is specialized for the conduction of electrical impulses is ______ tissue.

a)

connective

b)

neural

c)

areolar

d)

osseous

e)

epithelial

42.

All of the following are true of neurons, except that

a)

when mature, they lose the ability to divide.

b)

they conduct a nervous impulse.

c)

they are composed of a soma and axon.

d)

they are a very specialized form of connective tissue.

e)

they are separated from one another by synapses.

43.

Tissue changes with age include all of the following, except

a)

less efficient tissue maintenance.

b)

proliferation of epidermal cells.

44.

Which of the following terms refers to a reversible change in the normal shape, size, and organization of tissue cells?

a)

metaplasia

b)

metastasis

c)

dysplasia

d)

anaplasia

e)

inflammation

45.

Germinative cells

a)

start in the superficial layers of epithelial tissue.

b)

cannot divide.

c)

make up most of the epithelial type of tissue.

d)

divide continually to produce new epithelial cells.

e)

cannot function in the repair of epithelial tissue.

46.

Cells that are specialized for secretion

a)

have a free surface that is flat.

b)

have a small nucleus.

c)

are usually squamous.

d)

exhibit polarity.

e)

are found only in the digestive system.

47.

Watery perspiration is an example of a(n) ______ secretion.

a)

merocrine

b)

apocrine

c)

holocrine

d)

serous

e)

mucous

48.

The pancreas produces ______ secretions.

a)

serous

b)

mucous

c)

merocrine

d)

exocrine and endocrine

49.

Unicellular exocrine glands secrete

a)

milk.

b)

sweat.

c)

mucus.

d)

sebum.

e)

insulin.

50.

A gland formed by cells arranged in a blind pocket with a single unbranched duct would be called

a)

simple tubular.

b)

simple acinar.

c)

compound tubular.

d)

compound alveolar.

e)

tubuloacinar.

51.

Cells that engulf bacteria or cell debris within loose connective tissue are

a)

fibroblasts.

b)

macrophages.

c)

adipocytes.

d)

mast cells.

e)

melanocytes.

52.

During an inflammatory response to injury, which of the following is the least likely in the region of the injury?

a)

increase in basophils

b)

increase in histamine

c)

increase in blood flow

d)

pale cold skin

e)

swelling

53.

Antibodies are produced by

a)

macrophages.

b)

microphages.

c)

plasmocytes.

d)

mast cells.

e)

fibroblasts.

54.

Cells that respond to injury by dividing to assist in connective tissue repair are

a)

mast cells.

b)

fibroblasts.

c)

plasmocytes.

d)

mesenchymal stem cells.

e)

lymphocytes.

55.

Unlike cartilage, bone

a)

is a connective tissue.

b)

has a matrix that contains collagen.

c)

is highly vascular.

d)

has an outer covering.

e)

has cells within lacunae.

56.

Adhesions of abdominopelvic organs occur when

a)

serous membranes are damaged.

b)

synovial membranes are damaged.

c)

muscle is damaged.

d)

nerve cells are damaged.

e)

any of the above

57.

Which of the following statements about tissue swelling that occurs during inflammation is true?

a)

triggered by heparin

b)

triggered by histamine

c)

caused by increased endothelial permeability

d)

both A and C

e)

both B and C

58.

Characteristics of epithelia include

a)

attachment.

b)

avascularity.

c)

regeneration.

d)

polarity.

e)

all of the above

59.

Epithelia specialized for providing sensations of smell, taste, sight, equilibrium, and hearing are known as

a)

Specialized sensory epithelia (or neuroepithelia)

b)

Transitional epithelia

c)

Stratified squamous epithelia

d)

Simple cuboidal epithelia

60.

Secretions through a duct might provide ______, whereas ductless secretions act as ______.

a)

lubrication; lubricators

b)

enzymes; hormones

c)

transport media; physical protectors

d)

superficial relief; interstitial fluid

e)

odors; alarms

61.

The junction type that lets neighboring cells exchange small molecules is the

a)

desmosome.

b)

hemidesmosome.

c)

gap junction.

d)

tight junction.

e)

zonula adherens.

62.

The study of cells shed from epithelial surfaces, often for diagnostic purposes, is termed

a)

histology.

b)

physiology.

c)

anatomy.

d)

embryology.

e)

exfoliative cytology.

63.

The Pap test for cervical cancer utilizes

a)

histology.

b)

physiology.

c)

anatomy.

d)

embryology.

e)

exfoliative cytology.

64.

Endocrine glands empty their products into ______ and are referred to as ______ glands, while exocrine gland secretions empty into ______ or onto surfaces.

a)

cells; cellular; interstitial fluid

b)

interstitial fluid; ducted; cells

c)

interstitial fluid; ductless; ducts

d)

ducts; ductless; interstitial fluid

e)

interstitial fluid; ductless; interstitial fluid

65.

The three types of connective tissue include

a)

connective tissue proper, fluid connective tissues, and supporting connective tissues.

b)

epithelial, muscle, and neural.

c)

glandular, exocrine, and endocrine.

d)

A and C only

e)

all of the above

66.

Damage to a joint cartilage is affecting which type of tissue?

a)

fluid connective tissue

b)

dense connective tissue

c)

supporting connective tissue

d)

loose connective tissue

e)

adipose tissue

67.

Two classes of macrophages include

a)

mesenchymal cells and melanocytes.

b)

mast cells and basophils.

c)

fixed macrophages and free macrophages.

d)

neutrophils and eosinophils.

e)

microphages and adipocytes.

68.

Two types of microphages include

a)

mesenchymal cells and melanocytes.

b)

mast cells and basophils.

c)

fixed macrophages and free macrophages.

d)

neutrophils and eosinophils.

e)

microphages and adipocytes.

69.

Wharton's jelly is a form of

a)

Marfan's syndrome.

b)

mucous connective tissue.

c)

ground substance.

d)

collagen fibers.

e)

both C and D

70.

White fat is found in ______, while brown fat is found in ______.

a)

adults; infants

b)

infants; adults

c)

adolescents; adults

d)

men; women

e)

women; men

71.

______ attach skeletal muscles to bones, and ______ connect one bone to another.

a)

Ligaments; tendons

b)

Ligaments; aponeuroses

c)

Tendons; ligaments

d)

Aponeuroses; tendons

e)

Reticular tissues; tendons

72.

In stratified epithelia adapted to resist mechanical forces, which of the following types of cell-to-cell junctions are especially abundant?

a)

tight junctions

b)

basolateral junctions

c)

gap junctions

d)

hemidesmosomes

e)

desmosomes

73.

The three types of protein fibers in connective tissue are

a)

tendons, ligaments, and elastic ligaments.

b)

loose, dense, and irregular.

c)

cartilage, bone, and collagen.

d)

collagen, reticular, and elastic.

e)

polar, cellular, and permeable.

74.

Intercalated discs and pacemaker cells are characteristic of

a)

smooth muscle tissue.

b)

cardiac muscle tissue.

c)

skeletal muscle tissue.

d)

A, B, and C

e)

none of the above

75.

30. The type of connective tissue found between the ribs and the sternum, or supporting the trachea, is:

a)

Elastic cartilage

b)

Fibrocartilage

c)

Hyaline cartilage

d)

Adipose tissue

76.

Which of the following connective tissue cells produces collagen?

a)

adipocytes

b)

fibroblasts

c)

macrophage

d)

mast cell

e)

lymphocyte

77.

Close examination of an organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells. The layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells is open to the internal cavity of the organ. This tissue is probably

a)

epithelium.

b)

muscle tissue.

c)

connective tissue.

d)

neural tissue.

e)

fat tissue.

78.

Examination of a tissue sample reveals groups of cells united by junctional complexes and interlocking membranes. The cells have one free surface and lack blood vessels. The tissue is most likely ______ tissue.

a)

muscle

b)

neural

c)

epithelial

d)

connective

e)

adipose

79.

Microscopic examination of a tissue reveals a loose framework of fibers embedded in a large volume of fluid ground substance and adipocytes and mast cells fibers. This tissue would most likely have come from the

a)

inner wall of a blood vessel.

b)

lungs.

c)

spleen.

d)

superficial fascia between skin and muscle

80.

Which type of connective tissue forms the supporting rings of the trachea?

a)

areolar

b)

hyaline cartilage

c)

elastic

d)

fibrous

e)

dense regular

81.

The epithelium that lines the body cavities is known as ______.

a)

mesothelium

b)

endothelium

c)

epidermis

d)

transitional epithelium

82.

The lining of the heart and blood vessels is called ______.

a)

endothelium

b)

epithelium

c)

myocardium

d)

pericardium

83.

______ is the fluid component of connective tissue.

a)

Ground substance

b)

Collagen fibers

c)

Elastic fibers

d)

Adipocytes

84.

The combination of fibers and ground substance in supporting connective tissues is known as ______.

a)

matrix

b)

plasma

c)

epithelium

d)

cytoplasm

85.

The watery fluid component of blood is called ______.

a)

plasma

b)

serum

c)

lymph

d)

hemoglobin

86.

Epithelial and connective tissues combine to form ______ that cover and protect other structures and tissues in the body.

a)

body membranes

b)

muscle fibers

c)

nerve bundles

d)

cartilage plates

87.

The loose connective tissue component of a mucous membrane is called the ______.

a)

lamina propria

b)

submucosa

c)

serosa

d)

muscularis externa

88.

______ function to propagate electrical signals from one place to another.

a)

Neurons

b)

Bones

c)

Muscles

d)

Ligaments

89.

The body's first tissue response to any injury is ______.

a)

inflammation

b)

regeneration

c)

fibrosis

d)

necrosis

90.

The study of tissues is called ______.

a)

histology

b)

cytology

c)

anatomy

d)

physiology

91.

Gland cells produce ______.

a)

secretions

b)

hormones

c)

enzymes

d)

wastes

92.

______ support, protect, and nourish nerve cells.

a)

Neuroglia

b)

Axons

c)

Dendrites

d)

Myelin

93.

______ secretions are released by the gland cells into the interstitial space.

a)

Endocrine

b)

Exocrine

c)

Paracrine

d)

Autocrine

94.

Defense cells in blood are called white blood cells or ______.

a)

leucocytes

b)

erythrocytes

c)

platelets

d)

plasma

95.

Antiangiogenesis factor is a chemical produced by ______ that blocks the growth of blood vessels.

a)

chondrocytes

b)

erythrocytes

c)

neurons

d)

hepatocytes

96.

Growth of cartilage by accumulation of matrix around chondrocytes is called ______ growth.

a)

interstitial

b)

appositional

c)

endosteal

d)

perichondrial

97.

In ______ growth, cartilage grows wider or thicker in diameter.

a)

appositional

b)

interstitial

c)

endochondral

d)

intramembranous

98.

Accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity as a result of liver or kidney disease, malnutrition, or heart failure is known as ______.

a)

ascites

b)

edema

c)

pleurisy

d)

hepatitis

99.

The process of lactation (milk production) depends on both merocrine and ______ secretion by mammary gland epithelial cells.

a)

apocrine

b)

holocrine

c)

paracrine

d)

endocrine

100.

Name two cell types that contain histamine and heparin.

a)

mast cells and basophils

b)

neutrophils and eosinophils

c)

macrophages and lymphocytes

d)

erythrocytes and platelets

101.

A herniated disc is an injury of the pads of cartilage between the vertebrae in which the cartilage bulges from normal position. What type of cartilage is affected

a)

fibrous cartilage

b)

dense cartilage

102.

Match the epithelium, listed on the left, with the organ where it is found.

1. Simple cuboidal epithelium

2. Stratified squamous epithelium

3. Transitional epithelium

A) ureters

B) thyroid gland

C) tongue

103.

all four types of body tissue are found in a skeletal muscle

a)

true

b)

false

104.

The body’s most delicate type of epithelium is the squamous epithelium.

a)

false

b)

true

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