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digestive system

Total questions: 102

Worksheet time: 21hrs 13mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

how does food affect cells?

a)

source of energy to maintain homeostasis

b)

source of matter

c)

some chemicals regulate organismal metabolism

d)

speed up chemical reactions

2.

have rings or chains of carbon

a)

inorganic compounds

b)

organic compounds

3.

4 major groups of organic compound

a)

carbohydrates

b)

lipids

c)

proteins

d)

nucleic acids

e)

starch

4.

no rings of carbon

a)

inorganic compound

b)

organic compound

5.

what is true about water

a)

transport- dissolve various substances in water and moves throughout the body

b)

lubrication- decreases friction between body structures

c)

cushioning- absorbs sudden force of body movements

d)

excretion- unwanted substances are dissolved in water and eliminated

e)

thermoregulation

6.

which are carbohydrates:


- major source of energy

- structure and support

a)

glucose

b)

fructose

c)

ribose

d)

deoxyribose

e)

cellulose

7.

which are disaccharides?

a)

sucrose

b)

lactose

c)

maltose

d)

cellulose

e)

ribose

8.

which are lipids?

a)

triglyceride

b)

phospholipid

c)

steroid

d)

eicosanoids

e)

starch

9.

which are poly saccharides

a)

glycogen

b)

starch

c)

cellulose

d)

triglyceride

e)

ribose

10.

what is this?

-C6H1206

a)

glucose

b)

fructose

c)

ribose

d)

deoxyribose

11.

what is this?

C6H1206

a)

sucrose

b)

fructose

c)

ribose

d)

cellulose

12.

what is this?

C5H10O5

a)

ribose and deoxyribose

b)

fructose and glucose

c)

lactose and sucrose

d)

starch

13.

what is this?

a)

sucrose

b)

lactose

c)

maltose

d)

fructose

14.

what is this?

a)

sucrose

b)

lactose

c)

maltose

d)

cellulose

15.

what is this?

a)

sucrose

b)

lactose

c)

maltose

d)

glycogen

16.

what is this?

a)

glycogen

b)

starch

c)

cellulose

d)

steroid

17.

what is this?

a)

starch

b)

sucrose

c)

maltose

d)

cellulose

18.

what is this?

a)

glycogen

b)

starch

c)

cellulose

d)

steroid

19.

what is this?


-long term energy storage

-insulation and cushioning

a)

triglycerides

b)

phospholipid

c)

steroid

d)

eicosanoids

20.

what is this?


-cell membrane component

a)

triglyceride

b)

phospholipid

c)

steroid

d)

eicosanoids

21.

what is this?


-cell membrane component

-precursor of several hormones, bile salts, and vitamin D

a)

triglyceride

b)

phospholipid

c)

steroid

d)

eicosanoids

22.

what is this?

a)

triglyceride

b)

phospholipid

c)

steroid

d)

eicosanoids

23.

what is not true about proteins

a)

builds cell parts, form skin, bones

b)

transport other molecules

c)

regulate cellular process

d)

fight diseases

e)

required for normal metabolism

24.

what is true about proteins

a)

speed up chemical reactions- enzymes

b)

cause movement

c)

provide energy (last reserve)

d)

required for normal metabolism

e)

helps food be broken dowm

25.

what is a nucleic acid

-polymer composed of monomers: nucleotide

a)

store and transmit genetic info

b)
c)
d)
e)

build cell parts, form skin, muscle, bones

26.

organic molecules required for normal metabolism in limited amounts that must be obtained with food

a)

protein

b)

lipids

c)

vitamins

d)

minerals

27.

water soluble vitamins

a)

8 B vitamins and vitamin C

b)

easily absorbed into blood from digestive tract and easily excreted in the urine

c)

must be constantly replenished

d)

by function most are co-enzymes

28.

fat soluble vitamins

-dissolved in fat and can be stored there. May become toxic in excess

a)

vitamin A-vision

b)

vitamin D- calcium absorption from GI tract

c)

vitamin E- prevents damage of cell membranes

d)

vitamin K- blood clotting

e)

calcium-bone, blood clotting, muscle

29.

dietary minerals are

a)

inorganic ions obtained from diet.

b)

major minerals > 100mg daily. trace minerals < 100mg daily

c)

by function most are co-enzymes

d)

easily absorbed intp blood

30.

what is not true about dietary minerals

zinc- protein synthesis, would healing

a)

iron- hemoglobin and in mitochondria

b)

calcium- bone, blood clotting, muscle contractions

c)

sodium & potassium- signal transmission

d)

Iodine- thyroid hormone

e)

all are true

31.

process of digestion in order

a)

ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination

b)

ingestion, absorption, elimination

c)

absorption, digestion, elimination, ingestion

d)

mechanical digestion, absorption, elimination

32.

GI tract is composed of

a)

mucosa

b)

submucosa

c)

muscularis

d)

adventitia

e)

endothelium

33.

what is 1,2,3 top to bottom

a)

oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus

b)

oral cavity, pharynx, tongue + teeth

c)

oral cavity, tongue + teeth, larynx

d)

pharyx, larynx, esophagus

34.

what are 4,5,6,7 top to bottom

a)

stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus

b)

stomach, small intestine, large intestine

c)

pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, anus

d)

esophagus gallbladder, small intestine, anus

35.

what are 8 and 9

a)

tongue + teeth, salivary gland

b)

oral cavity, tongue + teeth

c)

salivary glands, oral cavity

d)

salivary glands, pharynx

36.

what are 10, 11, 12 top to bottom

a)

gallbladder, liver, pancreas

b)

pancreas, gallbladder, liver

c)

liver, gallbladder, pancreas

d)

liver, stomach, small intestine

37.

what is 1 plus its function

a)

mucosa

b)

secrete and absorption

c)

submucosa

d)

glands, B + Lymphatic vessels

38.

what is 2

a)

submucosa: submucosal nerve plexus

b)

CT supporting: glands + L vessels, nerves

c)

secrete and absorbtion

d)

CT: support + protects

39.

what is 3

a)

muscularis: myenteric nerve plexus

b)

MT: f: movement

c)

submucosa: submucosal nerve plexus

d)

secrete and absorption

40.

what is 4

a)

adventitia or serosa

b)

serosa if fused with serous membrane

c)

CT: support + protects

d)

CT: supporting: glands, B + L vessels

41.

what make up the enteric NS (ENS) composed of sensory, motor, and interneurons capable of basic self regulation

a)

submucosal nerve plexus and myenteric nerve plexus

b)

mucosa and adventitia

c)

myenteric nerve plexus and serosa

d)

submucosal nerve plexus and mucosa

42.

what is 1

a)

parietal peritoneum

b)

visceral peritoneum

c)

peritoneal cavity

43.

what is 2

a)

parietal peritoneum

b)

visceral peritoneum

c)

peritoneal cavity

44.

what is 3 and its function

a)

peritoneal cavity

b)

lubrication

c)

parietal peritoneum

d)

visceral peritoneum

e)

protection

45.

muscularis:


Muscle tissue 2=

a)

tube

b)

bag

46.

regulation of digestion:

motility =

a)

peristalsis + mixing

b)

enzymes, mucus, HCL

47.

regulation of digestion:


secretions

a)

peristalsis + mixing

b)

enzymes, mucus, HCL

48.

what are the functions of the oral cavity

a)

gustation (taste)

b)

MD+CD

c)

bolus formation

d)

aids in mastication

e)

highly specialized

49.

- f: mastication

-highly specialized

a)

teeth

b)

tongue

c)

salivary gland

d)

pharynx

50.

-aids mastication

-papillae house taste buds

a)

tongue

b)

teeth

c)

salivary glands

51.

what is true about saliva/glands:


-intrinsic (unicellular)

-extrinsic (large)

a)

initiates chemical digestion of starch (amylase + triglycerides)

b)

↓ bacteria growth lysozyme, IgA

c)

cleans oral cavity

d)

highly specialized

52.

funnel shaped muscular passageway for air and food

a)

pharynx

b)

larynx

c)

oral cavity

d)

esophagus

53.

the esophagus is

-tubular passageway

a)

rich in elastic fibers

b)

superior sphincter- X during inhalation

c)

inferior sphincter- prevents reflux

d)

funnel shaped

e)

gustation and deglutition

54.

esophagus- tubular passageway

-rich in elastic fibers


------ x during inhalation

a)

epiglottis

b)

superior sphincter

c)

inferior sphincter

55.

esophagus- tubular passageway

-rich in elastic fibers


inferior sphincter ------

a)

prevents reflux

b)

X during inhalation

c)

helps when swallowing

56.

what is deglutition

a)

taste

b)

swallowing

c)

inhaling

d)

chewing

57.

swallowing (deglutition)- what phase is this?

-bolus of food is pushed by tongue towards the oropharynx

a)

voluntary phase

b)

pharyngeal phase (involuntary)

c)

esophageal phase

58.

swallowing (deglutition)- what phase is this?


sensory receptors -> swallowing center (medulla) -> response:

- soft plate, the larynx, and respiration close

a)

voluntary phase

b)

pharyngeal phase (involuntary)

c)

esophageal phase (involuntary)

59.

swallowing (deglutition)- what phase is this?

-peristalsis toward stomach

a)

voluntary phase

b)

pharyngeal phase (involuntary)

c)

esophageal phase (involuntary)

60.

what are the functions of the stomach?

a)

storage ingested materials (2-6 hours)

b)

mechanical and chemical digestion

c)

some absorption of small, nonpolar substances ex alcohol

d)

major digestion and absorption

61.

What are the features of the stomach?

a)

outer tunica-serosa

b)

Muscularis 3 layers

c)

mucosa forms depressions, gastric pits, with gastric glands at the base

d)

peristalsis

62.

Protein → enzyme →polypeptide

a)

B12

b)

HCl

c)

gastrin

d)

Pepsin

63.

what is 1 plus its function

a)

surface mucous celli

b)

alkaline mucus (protection of stomach lining + lubrication)

c)

parietal celli

d)

Hormone gastrin ↑ stomach secretions + motility

64.

What is 2 plus its function?


- intrinsic factor (↑ absorption of vitamin B12 in Sl → normal red blood cell development)


-HCl (ph 2)

a)

Protection of stomach lining + lubrication

b)

parietal celli

c)

Kill pathogens, aids in the digestion of proteins by denature

d)

Triglyceride digestion

65.

What is 3 plus its functions

a)

pepsinogen f: Protein digestion

b)

gastric lipase f: Triglyceride digestion

c)

chief cell

d)

G cell

e)

Hormone gastrin ↑ stomach secretions + motility

66.

What is 4?


gastrin- ↑ stomach secretions + motility

a)

G cell

b)

chief cell

c)

parietal celli

d)

surface mucous celli

67.

what is this?


-bolus + gastric juices

-to form chyme

a)

gastric mixing

b)

gastric emptying

68.

what is this?


-pyloric sphincter releases 3 mL of chyme into Sl

-retroplusion

a)

gastric mixing

b)

gastric emptying

69.

what are the phases of digestion

a)

cephalic, gastric, intestinal

b)

intestinal, gastric, cephalic

c)

gastric, cephalic, intestinal

d)

gastric, intestinal, cephalic

70.

phases of digestion: cephalic


stimulus: thought/sensation of food

a)

↑ medulla/ENS

b)

↑ gastric M+S

c)

goal: Stomach preparation

d)

goal: Chime formation + digestion

e)

bolus arrives to the stomach

71.

phases of digestion: Gastric


Stimulus: Bolus arrives to the stomach

a)

Medulla/ENS ------ H gastrin

↘ ↑gastric M+S ↙

b)

Goal: Chime formation + digestion

c)

goal: Stomach preparation

d)

Medulla/ENS ------ secretion CCK

↘ ↓gastric M+S ↙

72.

phases of digestion: intestinal


stimulus: chyme arrives to the Sl

a)

Medulla/ENS ------ secretion CCK

↘ ↓gastric M+S ↙

b)

goal: prevent Sl overload

c)

Medulla/ENS ------ secretion CCK

↘ ↑gastric M+S ↙

d)

goal: chyme preparation + digestion

73.

The small intestine….

a)

Major organ

b)

Digestion + absorption

c)

Largest internal organ

d)

Structure: 4 lobes

74.

What receives secretions: bile (liver and gall bladder) pancreatic juice(pancreas)

a)

Duodenum

b)

Jejunum

c)

Lleum

75.

-Largest internal organ

-structure: 4 lobes -> lobules -> hepatocytes

a)

Small intestine

b)

Liver

c)

Gallbladder

d)

Pancreas

76.

Liver:

Dual blood supply includes

a)

Hepatic artery (O2 rich blood)

b)

Portal vein (nutrient rich blood from GI tract and passed through the liver)

c)

Receives secretions

d)

Saclike organ that concentrate and storage bile produced in liver

77.

At each corner of the lobule is the…

a)

Portal triads

b)

Portal vein

c)

Nope ductule

d)

Hepatic artery

78.

PV + HA blood(mixed) enters hepatic sinusoids lined with hepatocytes and rich in macrophages.

What are the functions?

a)

Metabolism, blood detoxification, storage, and endocrine

b)

Lubrication, blood detoxification, storage, excretion

c)

Lubrication, neutralization, excretion

d)

Metabolism, lubrication, storage, endocrine, excretion

79.

Bile ductile (collects bile)

What are the functions?

a)

Aid in digestion of lipids, lubrication, neutralization, excretion

b)

Endocrine, lubrication, neutralization, excretion

c)

Metabolism, blood detoxification, storage, endocrine

d)

Aid in the digestion of lipids, metabolism, storage, excretion

80.

PV + HA: stores what

a)

Vitamins (A, D, B)

b)

Minerals (Fe, ZN, Cu, Mg, Mn)

c)

Nutrients (glycogen, cholesterol)

d)

Lipids

81.

Bile ductile: what does neutralization and excretion do?

a)

Neutralization of acidic chyme (alkaline bicarbonate ions)

b)

Neutralization of harmful substances

c)

Excretion (bilirubin derived from heme groups of the Hb)

d)

Excretion of Uribe and stool etc

82.

Is a Saclike organ that concentrate and storage bile produced in liver

a)

Liver

b)

Small intestine

c)

Gallbladder

d)

Pancreas

83.

Pancreas includes

a)

Endocrine f

b)

Exocrine f

c)

alkaline mucus

d)

Parietal celli

84.

Pancreas: endocrine F

-islet cells

And

a)

A cells (H glycogen)

b)

B cells (H insulin)

c)

B cells (H gastric)

d)

G cells

85.

Pancreas: exocrine f

-pancreatic acini f: pancreatic juice

Acinar cells:….

Duct cells:…

a)

Pancreacguc amylase, lipase, processes, nucleases

b)

Duct cells: alkaline HCO3-

c)

Duct cells: a cells and B cells

d)

None of these are correct

86.

What is 1 and it’s function

a)

Duodenum

b)

Revives secretions

c)

Ileum

d)

Absorption

87.

What are 2 and 4

a)

Duodenojejunal flexture

b)

Ileocer valve

c)

Ileum

d)

Jejunum

88.

What is 3 and it’s function

a)

Jenunum

b)

CD + Absoption

c)

Absoption

d)

Ileum

89.

What is 5 and it’s function

a)

Ileum

b)

Absorption

c)

Duodenum

d)

Received secretions

90.

What are 1 and 2

a)

Simple columnar epithelial cell

b)

Goblet cell

c)

Unicellular gland cell

d)

Enteroendocrine cell

91.

What are 3 and 5

a)

Unicellular gland cell

b)

Enteroendocrine cell

c)

Simple columnar epithelial cell

d)

Goblet cell

92.

What is the function of 5

a)

Hydrophilic capillary bed

b)

Hydrophobic

c)

Mucus/lubrication

d)

Secrete hormones

93.

What is 6

a)

Hydrophilic

b)

Hydrophobic

94.

mixes chyme with gland secretions

a)

segmentation

b)

peristalsis

c)

gastric mixing

d)

gastric emptying

95.

propels contents through the small Sl

a)

segmentation

b)

peristalsis

c)

gastric mixing

d)

gastric emptying

96.

what are the functions of the large intestine?

a)

absorption (water, minerals, vitamins B/K etc)

b)

chyme -> feces

c)

defecation

d)

receive secretions

e)

neutralization of acidic chyme

97.

Ll features:

-outer serosa (except rectum)

-muscularis 2 layers


-mucosa forms intestinal glands

-lumem houses....

a)

gut flora (microbacteria)

b)

digestion of complex unused C,LP

c)

immune (preventing growth of pathogens)

d)

produce vitamins B/K

e)

nutrients, minerals, vitamins

98.

2 major types of cells line the Ll mucosa

+ enteroendocrine c (hormones)

a)

simple columnar epithelial cells/ enterocytes (absorption)

b)

goblet cell (lubrication)

c)

unicellular gland cell

d)

a cells(glycogen) and b cells(insulin)

99.

Ll motility includes

a)

peristalsis, haustral churning, mass movements, defecation

b)

peristalsis, gastric mixing, mass movements, defecation

c)

deglutition, mechanical digestion, haustral churning, defecation

d)

matification, deglutition, mechanical digestion, defecation

100.

what are the 4 segments of the colon in order

a)

ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid

b)

ascending, descending, transverse and sigmoid

c)

ascending, transverse, vermiform, and cecum

101.

what is 1 plus its function

a)

 blind sac that receives chyme from ileum

b)

cecum

c)

colon

d)

absorption of water etc

102.

what is 2 plus its function

a)

rectum

b)

sigmoid colon

c)

muscular tube to store feces

d)

blind sax that receives chyme

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