What does the root 'Arch' mean?

In the context of feudalism, what does the root 'fief' mean?

Based on the diagram, which group is at the top of the feudal hierarchy?

The feudal system developed in the years following the fall of the Roman Empire because:

After the fall of Rome, what was missing that left most people undefended?

After the fall of Rome, small kingdoms started to form and were often at war with one another.

Fill in the blank: The most powerful of the small kingdoms that formed after the fall of Rome had the most ______ and best _______.

One of the most powerful groups from this time is known as the _______.

Who was the most important leader of the Franks?

Charlemagne united almost all of the Christian lands of _______ into one empire.

Charlemagne’s empire survived many attacks from outside enemies, but after his death in 814 CE, the empire fell apart due to weak leaders.

After the Franks fell, what happened to the people of Western Europe?

Which three groups threatened Western Europeans after the fall of the Franks?

Muslims who threatened Western Europe came from which regions?

Why did feudalism develop in Western Europe after the fall of the Franks?

The illustration depicts a scene related to the fall of the Franks and the rise of feudalism. What does this scene represent?

By about ____ CE, the system of feudalism had developed. This system provided people with a place to live, safety, and protection by creating a stable social order.

In the feudal system, people were bound to each other by promises of _____

Under the feudal system, all land in a kingdom belonged to a monarch, which is a ____ or _____.

Which of the following best describes the main purpose of the feudal system?

A fief in the feudal system was:

A vassal in the feudal system was:

In the feudal system, most lords and wealthier knights lived on ________, which were large estates.

Which of the following was NOT typically included in a manor?

True or False: Manors were usually located close to towns.

Why did peasants on manors have to produce everything they needed to survive?

What type of house did the lord of the manor live in?

What was the village church built on?

Sheep grazed on grassy fields, and villagers used sheep's wool to make _______.

Peasants grew _______ in small gardens near their houses.

In the fall, peasants worked to harvest crops like _______.

The village blacksmith made iron tools for _______.

Harvested wheat was taken to the mill and ground into flour, which was used to make _______.

Fill in the blank: Monarchs were at the top of _______ society.

Fill in the blank: Monarchs owned all of the _______ in their kingdom.

True or False: The amount of power a monarch had was always the same.

Most monarchs heavily relied on their most trusted lords to help them keep power.

Fill in the blank: Monarchs would give out plots of land (fiefs) to their most trusted _______.

What was the main job of a monarch?

According to the passage 'Duties of Monarchs', what would monarchs spend their days doing?

According to the passage 'Duties of Monarchs', how did monarchs make money?

According to the passage 'Duties of Monarchs', Monarchs would sometimes travel around their kingdom to visit towns.

Look at the image of the monarch and his subjects. Based on the passage 'Duties of Monarchs', which duty might the monarch be performing in this scene?

Lords, vassals to the monarch, supplied knights during war.

Where did lords and ladies reside?

Manor life revolved around the ________, hosting important events and feasts.

Look at the illustration of the feast. What kind of events did manor life revolve around?

According to the passage 'Duties of Lords and Ladies', what was one of the main responsibilities of lords?

According to the passage 'Duties of Lords and Ladies', what roles did ladies sometimes take on?

According to the passage 'Duties of Lords and Ladies', list two leisure activities enjoyed by lords and ladies.

Knights were mounted soldiers and vassals of lords who served monarchs during ________.

Knights were typically wealthy because:

Training for knights began at what age, and what was the first role called?

At age 14, a knight-in-training became a ______ and began to ______.

In their early 20s, squires who proved worthy became ________.

Refer to the image of the knight being honored by a lady. What stage of knighthood does this image most likely represent?

What is the code that knights followed in their daily lives and duties?

Which of the following is NOT a quality of chivalry that knights followed?

Fill in the blank: Knights were expected to be _______ to their lord and church.

Fill in the blank: Knights were expected to be _______ and fair.

Fill in the blank: Knights were expected to protect the _______.

What was the main goal of jousting tournaments?

Most people in the Middle Ages supported the entire feudal structure by working the _____

What did the labor of peasants allow knights and lords to focus on?

Peasants were either free or unfree. Free peasants rented land to farm and owed rent to the _____?

Unfree peasants were known as _____

True or False: Unfree peasants, or serfs, could leave the land whenever they wished without permission from the lord.

Peasants had a lot of furniture in their homes.

What did peasants eat?

Where did peasants often spend their little free time?

Fill in the blank: Monarchs held daily meetings to decide ______ and hear petitions.

Fill in the blank: Monarchs generated income through ______ or by attacking enemies.

Fill in the blank: Monarchs also traveled their kingdoms, visiting ______.

Fill in the blank: Lords managed and defended their land and people, serving as judges and appointing officials, with power to fine and ______.

Fill in the blank: Ladies often managed households and raised ______; sometimes they took on the same roles as lords.

Fill in the blank: Leisure activities for nobles included hunting, feasting, dancing, chess, reading, and ______.

Fill in the blank: Knights adhered to a code of conduct known as ______.

Fill in the blank: Chivalry mandated loyalty to their leader and the church, fairness, protection of the vulnerable, and respect for ______.

Fill in the blank: Knights participated in jousting tournaments, riding horses and using ______ to dislodge opponents.

Fill in the blank: Peasants were essential ______ laborers who sustained the feudal system.

Fill in the blank: Free Peasants rented land and had the ______ to leave.

Fill in the blank: Unfree Serfs farmed the lord's land, required permission to leave, and received a small plot of land in exchange for their ______.