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WorksheetsHart - Ch 16 The Nervous and Sense Organs Review
Total questions: 82
Worksheet time: 41mins
The nervous system and sense organs are responsible for which of the following functions?
Coordinating body activities and processing sensory information
Digesting food and absorbing nutrients
Producing hormones and regulating metabolism
Transporting oxygen and nutrients throughout the body
The structure and function of the nervous system and sense organs can be described as:
The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, and it controls body activities and responses to stimuli; sense organs detect changes in the environment.
The nervous system is made up only of the heart and lungs, and it helps in digestion; sense organs are responsible for movement.
The nervous system includes only the skin and muscles, and it controls growth; sense organs help in blood circulation.
The nervous system consists of bones and joints, and it supports the body; sense organs help in breathing.
Define the following term: central nervous system (CNS).
The part of the nervous system that is composed of the brain and spinal cord.
The part of the nervous system that is composed of the heart and lungs.
The part of the nervous system that is composed of the muscles and bones.
The part of the nervous system that is composed of the skin and blood vessels.
Define the following term: peripheral nervous system (PNS).
A part of the nervous system made up of the nerves that extend throughout the body.
A part of the nervous system that only includes the brain and spinal cord.
A system responsible for producing hormones in the body.
A network of blood vessels that transport nutrients throughout the body.
Define the following term: autonomic nervous system (ANS).
The part of the nervous system that controls body functions that are not consciously directed (for example, breathing and heartbeat).
The part of the nervous system responsible for voluntary muscle movements.
The system that regulates hormone production in the body.
The part of the nervous system that processes sensory information from the environment.
Define the following term: sympathetic (in relation to the autonomic nervous system).
The branch that prepares the body for action by increasing muscle tension, heart rate, respirations, and blood pressure.
The branch that calms the body by decreasing heart rate and promoting digestion.
A nerve that controls voluntary muscle movement.
A hormone released during sleep.
Define the following term: parasympathetic (in relation to the autonomic nervous system).
The branch that works to decrease heart rate, blood pressure, and respirations.
The branch that increases heart rate and prepares the body for action.
The part of the nervous system responsible for voluntary movements.
The system that controls digestion and absorption of nutrients.
The structure and function of the nervous system and sense organs can be described as:
The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, and it controls body activities; sense organs detect stimuli such as light, sound, and touch.
The nervous system is made up only of the heart and lungs, and sense organs help with digestion.
The nervous system is responsible for producing hormones, and sense organs are part of the circulatory system.
The nervous system is only found in the arms and legs, and sense organs are used for movement.
Define the following term: synapse.
the space between neurons (nerve cells)
the covering around a neuron
the chemical produced by neurons
the part of a neuron that receives signals
Define the following term: neurotransmitter.
chemical that carries nerve impulses across synapses, from axon to dendrite
cell that transmits electrical signals in the body
protein that helps in muscle contraction
enzyme that breaks down food in the stomach
Define the following term: myelin sheath.
protective covering of the nerves, spinal cord, and white matter of the brain
fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord
type of nerve cell found in the brain
chemical messenger in the nervous system
Define the following term: meninges.
three-layered protective membranes covering the brain
fluid-filled cavities in the brain
nerve cells transmitting signals
outermost layer of the skin
Describe the structure and function of the nervous system and sense organs.
The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, and it coordinates body activities and processes sensory information from sense organs.
The nervous system is made up only of muscles and bones, and it helps in digestion.
The nervous system is composed of blood vessels and helps in circulation.
The nervous system consists of skin and hair, and it regulates temperature.
Define the following term: cerebrum The ________ is the largest section of the human brain.
cerebrum
cerebellum
medulla oblongata
pons
Define the following term: cerebellum The ________ is the section of the brain that controls balance, posture, and regulation of the body’s voluntary muscles.
cerebellum
medulla oblongata
hypothalamus
thalamus
Define the following term: diencephalon The ________ is the area in the center of the brain containing the hypothalamus and thalamus and the pituitary and pineal glands.
diencephalon
cerebellum
medulla oblongata
pons
Define the following term: brainstem The ________ is the part of the brain that connects the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord; controls heart rate, breathing, swallowing, coughing, vomiting, reflexes, and the closing and opening of blood vessels.
brainstem
cerebrum
cerebellum
thalamus
The nervous system and sense organs are responsible for which of the following?
Coordinating body activities and processing sensory information
Digesting food and absorbing nutrients
Producing hormones for growth
Transporting oxygen in the blood
Describe the structure and function of the nervous system and sense organs.
The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, and it coordinates body activities and processes sensory information from sense organs.
The nervous system is made up only of muscles and bones, and it helps in digestion.
The nervous system is composed of blood vessels and helps in circulation.
The nervous system consists of skin and hair, and it regulates body temperature.
________ (nerve cell) is the basic unit of the nervous system.
Neuron
Axon
Dendrite
Glial cell
________ are chemicals that carry signals from neuron to neuron.
Neurotransmitters
Hormones
Enzymes
Antibodies
________ protects the brain’s axons and speeds the transmission of impulses.
Myelin
Dendrite
Synapse
Neuron
Describe the structure and function of the nervous system and sense organs.
The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, and it controls body activities and processes information from sense organs.
The nervous system is made up only of muscles and bones, and it helps in movement.
The nervous system is responsible for digestion and absorption of food.
The nervous system consists of the heart and lungs, and it circulates blood and oxygen.
The three protective membranes that protect the brain and spinal column are the _______, _______, and _______.
dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
pericardium, myocardium, endocardium
cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla
The brain and spinal column are nourished by _______.
cerebrospinal fluid
blood plasma
lymphatic fluid
synovial fluid
The brain has four main sections: the cerebral cortex, the cerebellum, the brainstem, and the _______.
diencephalon
hippocampus
thalamus
amygdala
Which section of the brain is the center of thinking, emotions, and memory, directs speech, interprets messages from the sense organs, and controls voluntary muscle movement?
Cerebral cortex
Cerebellum
Brainstem
Diencephalon
Which section of the brain controls balance and posture?
Cerebral cortex
Cerebellum
Brainstem
Diencephalon
Which section of the brain is a regulatory center for involuntary processes?
Cerebral cortex
Cerebellum
Brainstem
Diencephalon
Which section of the brain relays impulses from the body to the cerebral cortex and contains endocrine glands?
Cerebral cortex
Cerebellum
Brainstem
Diencephalon
The structure and function of the nervous system and sense organs can be described as:
The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, and it coordinates body activities; sense organs detect stimuli and send signals to the nervous system.
The nervous system is made up only of muscles and bones, and sense organs help in digestion.
The nervous system controls only voluntary actions, while sense organs are responsible for movement.
The nervous system and sense organs are unrelated and function independently.
The spinal cord extends from the _______ through the spine to the lower back.
brainstem
pelvis
rib cage
skull
There are _______ pairs of cranial nerves, which attach to the brain and brainstem and bring information from the sense organs to the brain.
12
10
14
8
The brain communicates with the body through _______ pairs of spinal nerves.
31
12
24
18
The structure and function of the nervous system and sense organs can be described as:
The nervous system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, and it controls body activities and responses to stimuli; sense organs detect changes in the environment.
The nervous system is made up only of the heart and lungs, and it helps in digestion; sense organs are responsible for movement.
The nervous system is responsible for producing hormones, and sense organs help in blood circulation.
The nervous system consists of bones and muscles, and sense organs help in growth.
Which of the following are the body’s sense organs?
Eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin
Heart, lungs, liver, and kidneys
Bones, muscles, joints, and tendons
Stomach, intestines, pancreas, and spleen
Eyes include _______, cornea, iris, pupil, and retina.
sclera
lens
optic nerve
eyelid
Ears include outer ear (auricle, auditory canal, eardrum), middle ear (eustachian tube and ossicles), and inner ear (internal auditory canal, _______; transfers messages to brain and controls balance).
cochlea
retina
larynx
alveoli
Where are olfactory receptors located?
At the top of the nasal cavity
On the tongue
In the inner ear
On the skin
Fill in the blank: The olfactory bulb sends messages to the _______ where smells are interpreted and identified.
cerebrum
cerebellum
medulla oblongata
thalamus
Taste is sensed by ________, located on the papillae of the tongue.
taste buds
olfactory bulbs
salivary glands
nerve endings
Each taste bud has taste cells for which flavors?
Sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and savory
Sweet, spicy, sour, bitter, and umami
Salty, sour, bitter, spicy, and sweet
Sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and spicy
Which of the following is a normal age-related change to the nervous system and sense organs over the lifespan?
Slower responses and reflexes
Increased sensitivity of nerve endings in skin
Rapid nervous system maturation in late adulthood
Complete loss of long-term memory
The nervous system matures rapidly during the first ___ years of life.
5
2
10
8
Learning continues through ____.
adulthood
childhood
infancy
retirement
The nervous system reaches maturity during ____ adulthood.
early
middle
late
childhood
Teens may experience immature reasoning, intense emotions, and ____ health disorders.
mental
physical
nutritional
social
Which of the following is an age-related change to the nervous system?
Faster responses/reflexes
Increase in sensitivity of nerve endings in skin
Some memory loss, more often with short-term memory
None of the above
Lifespan changes to the nervous system and sense organs include which of the following? - Sense organ age-related changes include changes in vision or hearing, dizziness/balance problems, and decreased senses of taste, smell, and touch. - Age-related changes can be slowed by eating a healthy diet and exercising. - Lifestyle choices such as drinking large amounts of alcohol can cause damage and are connected to higher rates of depression and dementia.
Sense organ changes, healthy lifestyle slowing age-related changes, and alcohol increasing risk of depression and dementia
Sense organ changes only, with no effect from lifestyle choices
Only vision and hearing are affected, and exercise has no impact
Alcohol consumption improves sense organ function and reduces depression risk
Sense organ age-related changes include ________, dizziness/balance problems, and decreased senses of taste, smell, and touch.
changes in vision or hearing
increased appetite
improved memory
faster reflexes
Age-related changes can be slowed by eating a healthy diet and ________.
exercising
sleeping all day
watching TV
avoiding water
Drinking large amounts of alcohol is connected to higher rates of depression and dementia.
True
False
Common chronic and acute conditions of the nervous system and sense organs include:
Stroke, epilepsy, glaucoma, and meningitis
Diabetes, asthma, arthritis, and hypertension
Tuberculosis, hepatitis, malaria, and dengue
Anemia, osteoporosis, psoriasis, and eczema
Define the following term: neurologist.
a physician who diagnoses and treats conditions of the nervous system.
a doctor who specializes in heart diseases.
a surgeon who operates on bones and joints.
a physician who treats skin disorders.
Define the following term: psychiatrists.
a physician who diagnoses and treats mental health disorders.
a scientist who studies animal behavior.
a nurse who assists in surgeries.
a therapist who specializes in physical rehabilitation.
Define the following term: clinical psychologist.
a healthcare professional who diagnoses and assists in the treatment of mental health conditions; cannot prescribe medications, but may coordinate patient care with a psychiatrist or other provider.
a medical doctor who specializes in surgery for neurological disorders.
a nurse who provides general care for patients in a hospital setting.
a pharmacist who dispenses medications and advises on their use.
Define the following term: ophthalmologist.
a physician who diagnoses and treats eye conditions.
a doctor who specializes in heart diseases.
a specialist in skin disorders.
a physician who treats bone fractures.
Select the option that lists common chronic and acute conditions of the nervous system and sense organs.
Chronic: Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease; Acute: Stroke, Meningitis
Chronic: Diabetes, Hypertension; Acute: Asthma, Appendicitis
Chronic: Osteoporosis, Arthritis; Acute: Fracture, Sprain
Chronic: Psoriasis, Eczema; Acute: Allergic reaction, Sunburn
Define the following term: optometrist. An optometrist is ___________.
a physician who specializes in managing eyesight disorders.
a surgeon who operates on the heart.
a dentist who treats teeth and gums.
a veterinarian who cares for animals.
Define the following term: audiologist. Fill in the blank: An audiologist is ___________.
a healthcare professional who performs hearing tests and fits patients for hearing aids.
a doctor who specializes in eye care and vision correction.
a therapist who treats speech and language disorders.
a nurse who assists in surgical procedures.
Define the following term: ear, nose, and throat specialist (ENT). An ear, nose, and throat specialist (ENT) is ___________.
a physician who diagnoses and treats conditions of the ears, nose, and throat; also known as an otolaryngologist.
a doctor who specializes in heart diseases and conditions.
a medical professional who focuses on skin disorders.
a surgeon who operates exclusively on the brain.
List common chronic and acute conditions of the nervous system and sense organs.
Stroke, epilepsy, glaucoma, and meningitis
Diabetes, hypertension, asthma, and arthritis
Tuberculosis, hepatitis, malaria, and dengue
Anemia, osteoporosis, psoriasis, and eczema
Define the term: traumatic brain injury (TBI).
Condition caused by a serious head injury; can cause permanent brain damage, intellectual disability, personality changes, memory loss, paralysis, and other symptoms.
A mild headache that resolves without treatment.
A temporary loss of consciousness with no lasting effects.
A minor bruise on the scalp with no impact on brain function.
Define the term: paraplegia.
The loss of function of the lower body and legs.
The loss of function of one arm.
Complete loss of vision.
Partial hearing loss.
Define the term: quadriplegia.
The loss of function in the legs, trunk, and arms.
The loss of function in only the legs.
The loss of function in only the arms.
The loss of function in the head and neck.
Common chronic and acute conditions of the nervous system and sense organs include:
Stroke, epilepsy, glaucoma, and meningitis
Diabetes, asthma, arthritis, and hypertension
Tuberculosis, malaria, dengue, and typhoid
Hepatitis, cirrhosis, pancreatitis, and gastritis
CVA occurs when blood supply to a part of the brain is ________ or a blood vessel leaks or ruptures within the brain.
blocked
increased
filtered
diluted
After a stroke, a person may experience paralysis, weakness, inability to speak or understand words, trouble swallowing, and loss of ________ or bladder control.
bowel
hearing
vision
appetite
Strokes occur on the left or right side of the brain and affect functioning on the ________ side of the body.
opposite
same
upper
lower
List common chronic and acute conditions of the nervous system and sense organs.
Chronic: Multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease; Acute: Stroke, Meningitis
Chronic: Diabetes, Hypertension; Acute: Asthma, Appendicitis
Chronic: Osteoporosis, Arthritis; Acute: Fracture, Burns
Chronic: Cataract, Glaucoma; Acute: Migraine, Sinusitis
Mild stroke may result in few, if any, ________.
complications
symptoms
medications
treatments
A TIA is a 'ministroke' and symptoms last from a few minutes up to ________.
24 hours
1 hour
12 hours
48 hours
A person who has had a TIA is likelier to have a ________ and should seek medical attention.
stroke
heart attack
migraine
seizure
Surgery may be performed to repair a ruptured ________.
vessel
muscle
nerve
bone
PT can sometimes restore function lost to stroke and speech and OT can improve ________.
communication
mobility
vision
hearing
Which of the following lists includes common chronic and acute conditions of the nervous system and sense organs?
Stroke, epilepsy, meningitis, glaucoma
Asthma, diabetes, arthritis, cataract
Hypertension, pneumonia, eczema, otitis media
Tuberculosis, hepatitis, psoriasis, conjunctivitis
Head and spinal cord injuries may result from which of the following?
Diving, sports injuries, falls, car and motorcycle accidents, industrial accidents, war, or criminal violence.
Eating spicy food and drinking cold beverages.
Reading books and watching television.
Sleeping for long hours and taking frequent naps.
What are some possible consequences of head and spinal cord injuries?
Intellectual disability, personality changes, breathing problems, seizures, coma, memory loss, loss of consciousness, coma, paresis, paralysis, and death.
Improved memory, increased intelligence, enhanced physical strength, and faster reflexes.
Better vision, improved hearing, increased appetite, and higher energy levels.
Rapid healing, increased bone density, improved coordination, and enhanced immune system.
How are head injuries diagnosed?
With a neurological exam and imaging.
By checking blood pressure only.
With a vision test only.
By measuring body temperature.
Effects of spinal cord injuries depend on which of the following?
Age of the patient
Force of impact and where the spine is injured (higher impact = greater loss of function)
Time of day
Diet of the patient
Spinal cord injuries may cause which of the following?
Paraplegia (loss of function of the lower body and legs)
Quadriplegia (loss of function in the legs, trunk, and arms)
Both A and B
None of the above
How are spinal cord injuries treated? Fill in the blank: Spinal cord injuries are treated by ________ the spine using a brace.
stabilizing
compressing
twisting
loosening
