WorksheetsEcon Foundations: Economics for High School™ Glossary
Total questions: 34
Worksheet time: 17mins
What is the term for 'The desire and ability to purchase a good or service'?
Demand
Supply
Production
Consumption
What is the term for 'The study of how societies allocate scarce resources to satisfy unlimited wants'?
Economics
Biology
Psychology
Geography
What is the term for 'Producing the maximum output with the given inputs'?
Efficiency
Productivity
Profitability
Optimization
What is the term for 'Someone who starts or owns a business'?
Entrepreneur
Employee
Manager
Investor
What is the term for 'The value of the next best alternative given up when making a choice'?
Opportunity Cost
Marginal Utility
Sunk Cost
Scarcity
What is the term for 'A graph showing the maximum combinations of two goods or services that can be produced with available resources and technology'?
Production Possibilities Curve (PPC)
Demand Curve
Supply Curve
Indifference Curve
What is the term for 'The limited availability of resources compared to unlimited wants and needs'?
Scarcity
Abundance
Sufficiency
Surplus
What is the term for 'The amount of a specific good or service available in the market'?
Supply
Demand
Price
Revenue
What is the term for 'The act of giving up one thing to gain another'?
Trade-off
Compromise
Investment
Barter
What is the term for 'The desire and ability to purchase a good or service'?
Demand
Supply
Production
Consumption
What is the term for 'The point where quantity demanded equals quantity supplied'?
Equilibrium
Surplus
Shortage
Price Ceiling
What is the term for 'A place where buyers and sellers come together to exchange goods and services'?
Market
Factory
Library
School
What is the term for 'The nature of competition within an industry'?
Market Structure
Market Share
Product Differentiation
Barriers to Entry
What is the term for 'A market structure with only one seller'?
Monopoly
Oligopoly
Perfect Competition
Monopsony
What is the term for 'A market structure with many firms selling differentiated products'?
Monopolistic Competition
Perfect Competition
Oligopoly
Monopoly
What is the term for the natural rise and fall in GDP in an economy, which goes through four phases: expansion, peak, contraction, and trough?
Business Cycle
Inflation Rate
Fiscal Policy
Trade Deficit
Which phase of the business cycle occurs when the economy moves from a peak to trough, and GDP is decreasing?
Contraction Phase
Expansion Phase
Recovery Phase
Peak Phase
What is the policy used by the government and Central Bank to fight rapid inflation in the economy, discouraging individuals and businesses from spending?
Contraction Policy
Expansion Policy
Neutral Policy
Stimulation Policy
What is a severe and prolonged downturn in economic activity, commonly defined as an extreme recession that lasts two or more years and is characterized by large decreases in GDP and high rates of unemployment?
Depression
Inflation
Stagnation
Expansion
Which phase of the business cycle occurs when the economy is growing and GDP is increasing, moving from a trough to peak?
Expansion Phase
Contraction Phase
Recession Phase
Peak Phase
What is the policy used by the government and Central Bank to stimulate growth in the economy, encouraging individuals and businesses to spend more?
Expansionary Policy
Contractionary Policy
Monetary Tightening
Fiscal Austerity
What is the economic policy that refers to the use of government spending and tax policies to influence the economy?
Fiscal Policy
Monetary Policy
Trade Policy
Industrial Policy
What is the term for the total value of all the finished goods and services in a country over a certain period of time, including goods and services bought by individuals, companies, and governments?
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Net National Product (NNP)
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
Balance of Payments (BOP)
What is characterized by rising GDP, steadily increasing GDP, and an expected decline in the unemployment rate?
Growing Economy
Recession
Stagnant Economy
Depression
What is an increase in the prices of goods and services across many markets in the economy called?
Inflation
Deflation
Stagnation
Depreciation
What is the highest point in the business cycle, occurring at the end of the expansion phase and at the start of the contraction phase?
Peak Phase
Trough Phase
Recovery Phase
Recession Phase
What is the lowest point in the business cycle, occurring at the end of the contraction phase and at the start of the expansion phase?
Trough Phase
Peak Phase
Recovery Phase
Boom Phase
What is the percentage of people who currently don’t have jobs but are looking for work called?
Unemployment Rate
Employment Rate
Labor Force Participation Rate
Inflation Rate
Which market structure is characterized by a few large firms dominating the industry?
Oligopoly
Perfect Competition
Monopoly
Monopolistic Competition
Which term describes the total amount of money earned by a business from selling goods or services before any expenses are deducted?
Investment
Profit
Cost
Revenue
What is the term for 'A sustained increase in the general level of prices for goods and services in an economy over a period of time'?
Inflation
Deflation
Stagnation
Depreciation
What is the term for 'A sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time'?
Inflation
Deflation
Stagnation
Depreciation
Which market structure is characterized by a few large firms dominating the industry?
Monopolistic Competition
Perfect Competition
Monopoly
Oligopoly
What is the term for 'The total value of all goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific time period'?
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Net National Product (NNP)
Gross National Product (GNP)
Disposable Income
