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WorksheetsEMT- Pharmacology EXAM
Total questions: 75
Worksheet time: 44mins
Pharmacology is the science of ________, including their ingredients, preparation, uses, and actions on the body.
drugs
cells
hormones
vitamins
Pharmacodynamics is the process by which ________ works on the body.
medication
the liver
the kidney
the heart
A medication that causes stimulation of receptors is called an ________.
agonist
antagonist
inhibitor
blocker
A medication that binds to a receptor and blocks other medications or chemicals from attaching there is called an ________.
antagonist
agonist
substrate
enzyme
Which of the following factors does the dose of a medication depend on?
Patient’s weight
Patient’s age
Desired action of the medication
All of the above
The therapeutic effect that a medication is expected to have on the body is called its ________.
action
side effect
dosage
contraindication
Which of the following are factors affecting how a medication works?
Route of administration
Shock states
Both A and B
Reasons or conditions for which a particular medication is given are called ________.
indications
contraindications
complications
interactions
What are unintended effects of a medication?
Effects that are desirable
Effects that are undesirable but pose little risk to the patient
Effects that can be harmful to the patient
Match the following types of drugs with their examples:
Heroin, cocaine
Recreational drugs
Ginseng, echinacea
Herbal remedies
Steroids
Enhancement drugs
Vitamin C
Vitamin supplements
Acupuncture
Alternative medicines
Parenteral medications are often administered in which form?
Pill
Liquid through needles or syringes
Tablet
The form of a medication usually dictates the route of administration. What are the reasons the manufacturer chooses the form of a medication?
Proper route of administration
Timing of the medication’s release into the bloodstream
Effects on the target organs or body systems
All of the above
What is a suspension?
A liquid mixture of one or more substances that cannot be separated simply
A mixture of finely ground particles that are distributed evenly throughout a liquid by shaking or stirring but do not dissolve
A solid medication
A type of capsule
Metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) are often used for respiratory illnesses such as ______ or ______. (Fill in the blanks)
asthma; emphysema
diabetes; hypertension
eczema; psoriasis
arthritis; gout
Topical medications include which of the following?
Lotions
Creams
Ointments
All of the above
Which of the following is NOT one of the 'rights' of medication administration?
Right patient
Right color
Right dose
Right route
Fill in the blank: The right _______ ensures that the patient who needs the medication is the person who receives the medication.
patient
dose
time
route
Fill in the blank: The right _______ verifies the proper medication and prescription.
medication and indication
dose and route
time and frequency
patient and doctor
Fill in the blank: The right _______ verifies the form and dose of the medication.
dose
time
route
patient
Fill in the blank: The right _______ verifies the route of the medication.
route
dose
time
patient
Fill in the blank: The right _______ checks the expiration date and condition of the medication.
time
dose
route
patient
Fill in the blank: The right _______ informs the patient of the medication you intend to administer, including any likely adverse effects or unusual sensations.
education
dose
route
time
Fill in the blank: The right _______ allows patients with decision-making capacity to decline or refuse proposed interventions or medications.
to refuse
to consent
to inform
to comply
Which of the following is an example of a peer-assisted medication?
You administer medication to yourself or your partner after exposure to a toxic agent.
You assist the patient with administering his or her own medication.
The EMT directly administers the medication to the patient.
Which of the following is NOT an example of an EMT-administered medication?
Oxygen
Oral glucose
Metered-dose inhaler
Which of the following lists the correct steps to perform oral medications?
Check the medication order, prepare the medication, identify the patient, administer the medication, document the administration.
Prepare the medication, administer the medication, check the medication order, document the administration, identify the patient.
Identify the patient, administer the medication, check the medication order, prepare the medication, document the administration.
Document the administration, check the medication order, prepare the medication, identify the patient, administer the medication.
What is hypoglycemia?
Extremely low blood glucose
Extremely high blood pressure
Excessive sweating
High cholesterol levels
An EMT can give glucose only by mouth in the form of a gel.
True
False
Never administer oral medications to an unconscious patient or to one who is unable to ________ or protect the airway.
swallow
breathe
cough
blink
What are the effects of aspirin?
Reduces fever, pain, and inflammation
Inhibits platelet aggregation (clumping), which is useful during a potential heart attack
Both a and b
None of the above
List two advantages of sublingual medications.
Easy to talk with awake and alert patients and advise them to place a pill under their tongue; Absorption is relatively quick.
They are always flavored for better taste; They require swallowing with water.
They are only effective if chewed; They have a delayed onset of action.
They are best given to unconscious patients; They are absorbed slowly.
Any medication placed in the mouth requires constant evaluation of the airway.
True
False
Nitroglycerin is mainly used to:
Reduce fever
Relieve angina pain
Treat infections
Lower cholesterol
Before administering nitroglycerin, you should:
Check the patient’s blood pressure
Obtain a medical order or follow local protocols
Both a and b
None of the above
Name two erectile dysfunction drugs that can have potentially fatal interactions with nitroglycerin if taken within the past 24 hours.
Sildenafil (Viagra), Tadalafil (Cialis)
Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen
Metformin, Glipizide
Amlodipine, Lisinopril
When administering nitroglycerin by tablet, where should the tablet be placed?
Under the tongue
On top of the tongue
In the cheek pouch
Swallowed with water
What is one advantage of intramuscular medication administration?
It is painless
Provides quick and easy access to the circulatory system without the need for placing a needle within a vein
It is always faster than intravenous administration
It does not require any training
Epinephrine is also known as _________.
adrenaline
insulin
thyroxine
cortisol
What is the main hormone that controls the body’s fight-or-flight response?
Insulin
Adrenaline
Cortisol
Glucagon
Naloxone is used to reverse the effects of a(n) ________ overdose.
opioid
stimulant
antibiotic
antidepressant
What is the most common technique for naloxone administration?
Intravenous
Intramuscular
Intranasal
Oral
All cells, especially those in the heart and brain, need ______ to function properly.
oxygen
glucose
carbon dioxide
protein
What is a disadvantage of using metered-dose inhalers and nebulizers?
They are fast and easy to use
They can be used for unconscious patients
The patient needs to be cooperative and control breathing
They do not require any coordination
What should you do if a medication error does take place?
Report the error and take corrective action
Ignore the error and continue as normal
Blame another staff member for the error
Wait for the patient to report symptoms
This type of injection is administered just below the skin.
ID
IV
SC
IM
intraosseous means...
into the muscle
into the bone
into a joint
into the abdomen
Why do we administer nitroglycerin to a chest pain patient?
Lowers the blood pressure
It relieves the pain
It calms the patient
Dilates the coronary arteries.
Choose the correct dose for aspirin.
1 tablet
324mg
2 x 81 mg tablets
81 mg
Choose the correct dose for nitroglycerin.
0.4 mg
1 spray
0.3 mg
4.0 mg
Which of the following is the correct dose for nebulized Albuterol?
2.5 mg/3mL
3 mcg/3mL
25 mcg/5mL
2 ml/mg
Choose the correct adult dose for epinephrine for a patient experiencing and anaphylactic reaction.
3 mcg
0.03 mg
3 g
0.3 mg
Aspirin eases the workload of the heart by which of the following?
Prevents clotting factors
Relieves the pain
Relaxes the heart muscle
Makes the heart beat slower
an undesired or negative response to medication
adverse reaction
highly sensitive reaction to any otherwise harmless substance
allergy
illness or disease that is contagious or transmittable to others
communicable
problems that occur from taking medication in addition to the desired therapeutic effect
side effect
having or exhibiting healing powers
therapeutic
subcutaneous
SC
ST
suc
c
By mouth
PR
BM
PO
PM
Which term describes a drug that relaxes the smooth muscle lining bronchial tubes?
Chemotherapy
Antihistamine
Bronchodilator
Vasodilator
What does "pharmacology" refer to?
Study of drugs.
Pertaining to under the skin.
Pertaining to a condition of sleep.
Pertaining to under the tongue.
What does "vasodilator" mean?
Substance that causes blood vessels to widen.
Pertaining to under the skin.
Pertaining to a condition of sleep.
Pertaining to under the tongue.
What is "anaphylaxis"?
A hypersensitive state of the body to a foreign protein (antigen) or drug; can produce severe symptoms and shock.
An agent given to counteract unwanted effect of a drug.
Chemical agent, produced from molds or bacteria, that inhibits or kills bacteria.
Factor in the patient's condition that prevents the use of a drug or treatment.
What does "contraindication" mean?
Factor in the patient's condition that prevents the use of a drug or treatment.
A hypersensitive state of the body to a foreign protein (antigen) or drug; can produce severe symptoms and shock.
An agent given to counteract unwanted effect of a drug.
Chemical agent, produced from molds or bacteria, that inhibits or kills bacteria.
What is the meaning of "parenteral"?
Pertaining to injection of drugs other than through the intestines.
A hypersensitive state of the body to a foreign protein (antigen) or drug; can produce severe symptoms and shock.
An agent given to counteract unwanted effect of a drug.
Chemical agent, produced from molds or bacteria, that inhibits or kills bacteria.
Some common ___________________ of taking medication include headaches, upset
stomach, and drowsiness.
antibiotics
depressants
stimulants
side effects
narcotics
Use of an SpO2 monitor on a person suffering from carbon monoxide poisoning will be inaccurate because
The oxygen has stronger bonding properties than the CO2 molecule
CO2 is odorless and tasteless so the monitor cannot detect it
Carbon monoxide has a weaker bond with the hemoglobin
The carbon monoxide molecule displaces the oxygen molecule inhibiting oxygen delivery
What does the mnemonic DCAP - BTLS stand for?
(a)
Physician instructions that are given directly by radio or cell phone (online/direct) or indirectly by protocol/guidelines (off-line/indirect), as authorized by the medical director of the service program.
Medical Control
Medical Director
Dispatcher
Physician
Explain why medications will have different therapeutic effects in different phases of shock.
