WorksheetsBronchial Asthma
Total questions: 8
Worksheet time: 4mins
Definition of ‘bronchial asthma’: Which statement best matches this term?
A chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by hyperresponsiveness and reversible airflow obstruction
A bacterial infection of the alveoli causing consolidation and permanent loss of lung function
A progressive destruction of alveolar walls leading to irreversible airflow limitation
An acute swelling of the larynx that always results in complete airway obstruction
Pathophysiology of bronchial asthma: Which option best describes the typical sequence of events during an asthma episode?
Exposure to a trigger → mast cell degranulation → inflammatory mediator release → bronchoconstriction → mucosal edema → mucus plugging → reversible airflow limitation
Exposure to bacteria → alveolar collapse → fibrosis → irreversible restriction of lung volumes
Cold air exposure → surfactant loss → alveolar rupture → pneumothorax
Exercise → increased tidal volume → permanent airway remodeling within minutes without inflammation
Precipitating factors of bronchial asthma: Select all common triggers.
House dust mites and indoor allergens
Exercise (especially in cold, dry air)
Cold air exposure
Respiratory viral infections
Signs and symptoms of a patient with bronchial asthma: Select all that typically apply.
Wheezing (especially expiratory)
Shortness of breath
Chest tightness
Nocturnal cough
Pedal edema unrelated to heart failure
Common investigations for bronchial asthma: Select all routinely used tests to assess and monitor asthma.
Spirometry with bronchodilator reversibility testing
Peak expiratory flow monitoring
Chest X-ray (to rule out other causes)
Arterial blood gas analysis (in severe cases)
Medical management of patients with bronchial asthma: Select all appropriate components of pharmacologic treatment.
Inhaled corticosteroids as controller therapy
Short-acting beta2-agonists for quick relief
Leukotriene receptor antagonists as add-on therapy
Routine antibiotics for all patients regardless of signs of infection
Systemic corticosteroids for severe exacerbations
Nursing process care plan for bronchial asthma including reviews and outcomes (ineffective breathing pattern; ineffective airway clearance): Select all appropriate nursing interventions/outcomes.
Teach and evaluate pursed-lip and diaphragmatic breathing to reduce work of breathing
Position patient in high-Fowler’s and reassess respiratory effort regularly
Encourage adequate fluid intake and humidification to thin secretions
Provide chest physiotherapy/assisted airway clearance techniques and monitor sputum characteristics
Restrict bronchodilators to bedtime only to prevent daytime dependence
Health teaching plan that empowers the patient and caregivers on self-care related to asthma: Select all key education points.
Demonstrate and regularly review correct inhaler technique with spacer use if indicated
Identify and reduce exposure to personal triggers (e.g., dust mites, smoke)
Provide a written asthma action plan including peak flow zones and steps for exacerbations
Emphasize adherence to controller medications even when asymptomatic
Advise starting antibiotics at the first sign of wheeze without consulting a clinician
