WorksheetsLesson 6 Part 3 - Central Dogma
Total questions: 40
Worksheet time: 40mins
How many codons equal one amino acid?
1
3
6
9
ATG TGA CAG
What is a promoter?
Sequence of DNA at the beginning of the gene that tells RNA polymerase where to start transcription.
Sequence of RNA that tells the ribosome where to start translation.
Sequence of DNA at the beginning of the gene that tells the ribosome where to start transcription
Sequence of RNA that tells RNA polymerase where to start translation.
5'-AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG-3'
What is the stage of gradual extension of the growing chain of pre-RNA to the final size?
initiation
elongation
termination
processing
Large RNA-protein complex that conducts RNA splicing by removing of intron and joins together the two exons are
RNA polymerase
spliceosome
Primer
Helicase
This enzyme is used to remove short RNA bases
Topoisomerase
DNA Helicase
Exonuclease
Telomerase
If the mRNA codon is AUG, what would the matching tRNA anticodon be?
UAC
AUG
TAC
GUA
The stop codons are: (Choose all that apply)
UAA
UAG
GUC
UGA
In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus. Where does it occur in prokaryotes?
Nucleoid
Which DNA strand has the same base sequence as the transcribed RNA (except with T replacing U)?
The template strand
The coding strand
The antisense strand
The non-informational strand
In prokaryotes, which subunit of RNA polymerase is responsible for promoter recognition?
What is the consensus sequence for the prokaryotic promoter element located at the -10 region (the Pribnow box)?
GGGCG
TGTTGACA
In eukaryotes, what is the name of the main protein complex that scans the promoter and recruits RNA polymerase II?
TFIID
The spliceosome
What is the 'transcription bubble'?
the site of DNA replication initiation.
the area where proteins are synthesized.
a structure that stabilizes DNA strands.
the region of unwound DNA where RNA synthesis occurs.
Prokaryotic transcription can terminate in two ways. The 'Rho-independent' mechanism relies on what structure?
What is '5' capping' in eukaryotic post-transcriptional modification?
The binding of a σ-factor to the 5' end.
The addition of a 7-methyl guanosine to the 5' nucleotide.
The removal of introns from the transcript.
The addition of ~200 Adenine residues to the 3' end.
What is an 'Open Reading Frame' (ORF)?
A sequence of DNA or RNA that can be translated into a protein, starting with a start codon and ending with a stop codon.
A type of RNA that cannot be translated into proteins.
A segment of DNA that only contains non-coding regions.
A sequence of amino acids that does not include start or stop codons.
What is the function of the enzyme 'aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase'?
The genetic code is 'degenerate'. What does this mean?
The genetic code is 'unambiguous'. What does this mean?
The catalytic activity of the ribosome (forming the peptide bond) is carried out by...
A protein enzyme in the large subunit.
The rRNA, which acts as a 'ribozyme'.
The mRNA itself.
The EF-Tu elongation factor.
How do prokaryotic ribosomes find the correct place to start translation on an mRNA?
They bind to the 3' polyA tail and move backwards.
They bind to the Shine-Dalgarno sequence, which pairs with the 16S rRNA.
They bind to the Kozak sequence.
They bind to the 5' methylguanosine cap and scan for the first AUG.
During the elongation phase of translation, which factor is responsible for binding the aminoacyl-tRNA to the A site?
The step in elongation where the ribosome moves one codon down the mRNA is called...
How is translation terminated?
The ribosome reaches the polyA tail.
A special 'stop' tRNA binds to the stop codon.
A Release Factor (RF) protein binds to the stop codon in the A site.
The Shine-Dalgarno sequence is reached.
