WorksheetsHealth II (lit,dec, equity)
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 10mins
A food manufacturer reformulates a cereal to include a high amount of fiber and advertises it as a 'High-Fiber' product. The FDA requires a 'High' claim (or 'Excellent Source') to contain at least 20% of the Daily Value per serving. If the Daily Value for fiber is 28g, how many grams of fiber must be present in a single serving for the claim to be valid?
At least 4.2 grams of fiber
More than 10 grams of fiber
Exactly 5.6 grams of fiber
At least 14 grams of fiber
Which of the following scenarios is the most complex example of a health inequity that would require an intervention at multiple levels of the Socio-Ecological Model (SEM) to resolve?
An individual stops exercising because their primary workout partner moves to a different state.
A student lacks the knowledge to interpret complex nutritional information on food labels.
A low-income neighborhood lacks fresh food stores due to a history of discriminatory zoning laws and low investment, creating a food desert.
A workplace fails to offer a wellness program, leading to higher stress among employees.
Which of the following best exemplifies the principle of health equity when distributing resources to address food insecurity?
Giving the exact same quantity of food vouchers to every person in the city, regardless of their income or proximity to grocery stores.
Offering free seeds and gardening tools to individuals who already own large yards for planting.
Implementing a policy that uses tax incentives to encourage major grocery chains to open stores specifically in designated 'food deserts'.
Requiring all citizens to attend a mandatory nutrition education class to qualify for food assistance.
An AI model trained to detect pneumonia performs with 98% accuracy on its validation dataset. However, its accuracy drops to 65% when used in rural hospitals with older, lower-resolution X-ray equipment, compared to the urban academic centers where the data was collected. This drop is primarily a failure of the AI's:
algorithmic Bias
Conformity Bias
Internal Validity
External Validity (Generalizability)
According to FDA labeling laws, a product is considered a 'Good Source' of a nutrient if a single serving provides between 10% and 19% of the Daily Value (for Daily calorie consumption= 2,000) for that nutrient. If the DRV for Calcium is 1,300 mg, which of the following amounts in a single serving would legally allow the product to claim it is a 'Good Source' of Calcium?
350 mg
195 mg
260 mg
110
A community program aims to increase physical activity. Intervention A provides free gym memberships. Intervention B works with city planners to expand and connect public sidewalk and bike lane networks. Applying the principles of the Socio-Ecological Model (SEM), Intervention B is generally preferred for sustainable change because it targets the:
Interpersonal level by creating shared social spaces.
Individual level by offering a choice, maximizing autonomy.
Community/Policy level, altering the structural environment to make the healthy choice the easy choice.
Organizational level by involving multiple institutions and agencies.
Which of the following describes a decision-making outcome that is equitable but not necessarily equal?
All city parks receive the same total budget for playground equipment, regardless of neighborhood size or existing equipment quality.
Only individuals who can prove a specific income level are eligible for free preventative health screenings.
Neighborhoods with the highest rates of heat-related illness receive a disproportionately larger budget to plant shade trees and install cooling stations.
Every resident receives a $100 health credit to spend on any service they choose.
A food package is labeled with a serving size of 1 cup (228g), and a total of 3.5 servings per container. If the container holds 798g of food, which claim on the label would fail the Currency aspect of the CRAAP test, indicating potential misinformation?
The ingredient list is organized in alphabetical order, not by weight.
The Daily Value calculation is based on an outdated 2,000 calorie diet reference value.
The nutrition panel was last updated 15 years ago, before new FDA rules changed the definition of added sugars.
The total grams per container 798 g does not precisely match the serving size multiplied by the number of servings 228 g times 3.5 = 798 \text{g}$ total).
To achieve true Health Equity in a city with widely varying rates of premature mortality, public health efforts should shift their focus primarily from:
Individual behavior modification to addressing the structural determinants of health (upstream).
Providing free health screenings to implementing a tax on unhealthy foods.
Focusing on physical health outcomes to focusing on mental health outcomes.
Treating existing disease (downstream) to promoting individual lifestyle changes (midstream).
The United States sees significant differences in both Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) rates and Infant Mortality Rates (IMR) among racial groups.
Using these two conditions as examples, explain the critical difference between a health disparity and a health inequity.
What is the role of the socio-ecological model in addressing health disparities and health inequities?
The model helps identify individual level factors that contribute to health disparities and health inequities
The model highlights the need to address social and environmental factors to reduce health disparities and health inequities.
The model emphasizes the importance of individual choices and behaviors in addressing health disparities and health inequities.
The model suggests that health disparities and health inequities are solely the result of genetic and biological factors.
Implicit Bias refers to:
A conscious and deliberate attitude towards a person
A legal bias that favors one group over another
An unconscious attitude or stereotype that affects understanding and actions
A social movement aimed at reducing bias within institutions
This popular Health Inequity case led to widespread changes in how research could be conducted in the United States. New legislation required that researches maximize benefits to participants, provide participants with informed consent, and fairly select research participants.
Flint Water Crisis
Native American Women and Sterilization
Henrietta Lacks
Tuskegee Syphilis Trials
Chemical experimentation by race in World War II
A student finds an article claiming a new supplement cures common chronic pain. The article cites three small studies but is hosted on the website of the company that manufactures the supplement. Which two criteria from the CRAAP test are most severely compromised?
Relevance and Purpose
Currency and Authority
Authority and Purpose
Currency and Relevance
On a food label, food ingredients are listed in order by
calorie, content, from most to least
name, in alphabetical order
volume, from least to greatest
weight from most to least
