WorksheetsPerfusion, Fluid, & Electrolytes Post-Lecture Quiz
Total questions: 11
Worksheet time: 6mins
The nurse is teaching a pregnant woman about the increased oxygen demand that develops during pregnancy. The nurse knows the client comprehends the teaching when she makes the following statement:
“I may need to drink more fluids to make more oxygen.”
“I may need to take an iron supplement so that I am not anemic.”
“I will need a multivitamin supplement for several months.”
“I will need to eat more fruits and vegetables.”
The nurse is providing care to the client who is 3 days status post–cardiac bypass grafting. The client has incisions to their medial right leg from the graft harvest of the saphenous vein. The client complains of warmth and tenderness to their right calf. Staples are intact along the incision, and there is no drainage. Vital signs are stable. The nurse would suspect that the client has what kind of complication?
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
Dehiscence of the wound
Internal bleeding
Infection at the incisional site
A client with heart failure has BP 120/60 mm Hg, heart rate (HR) 64 beats/min, respiratory rate (RR) 18 breaths/min, temperature (T) 97.6°F, coarse crackles bilaterally, and 3+ edema to the lower extremities. The most appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client is:
Impaired gas exchange.
Excess fluid volume.
Ineffective tissue perfusion.
Deficient knowledge.
The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client diagnosed with hypertension and atherosclerosis. The nurse knows that all of the following teaching points are accurate, except:
Yoga may decrease heart rate and improve blood pressure.
As the body ages, cardiovascular decline is expected and cannot be controlled.
Consuming a diet low in fat, cholesterol, and sodium can support cardiovascular health.
Even small amounts of tobacco can increase cardiovascular risk.
The nurse is preparing client teaching for a client diagnosed with peripheral edema secondary to right-sided heart failure. What intervention will promote circulation and reduce edema in the lower extremities?
Encourage frequent ambulation.
Administer antihypertensive medications.
Encourage vigorous exercise for 30 minutes a day.
Administer oxygen when the client is short of breath.
The nurse is assessing a client in the acute care unit. The client’s blood pressure is 80/40 mm Hg, their pulse is 120 beats/min and thready, and they have poor skin turgor and dry mucous membranes. Which of the following IV fluids would the nurse expect the healthcare provider to prescribe for this client’s condition?
0.9% normal saline
Serum albumin
0.45% normal saline
D5W with normal saline
The nurse is caring for a client who has the following lab results: sodium (Na) 147; potassium (K) 3.6; calcium (Ca) 8.8; magnesium (Mg) 1.9. The following prescriptions are written in the client’s electronic health record. Which one should the nurse question?
Administer intravenous (IV) D5W at 125 mL/hr.
Perform strict intake and output (I&O) monitoring.
Restrict oral intake to 900 mL per 24 hours.
Monitor serum electrolytes every 4 hours.
The nurse recognizes that a balance of fluid and electrolytes is essential to maintain homeostasis. Excesses or deficits can lead to severe disorders. Which of the following is the principal site for regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance?
Cardiac system
Vascular system
Pulmonary system
Renal system
Which of the following is the most appropriate goal for a client with the nursing diagnosis of deficient fluid volume?
Electrolyte balance restored, as evidenced by improved levels of alertness and cognitive orientation
Electrolyte balance restored, as evidenced by sodium and potassium returning to normal range
Fluid balance restored, as evidenced by lowered blood pressure and absence of jugular venous distention
Fluid balance restored, as evidenced by moist mucous membranes and urinating every 4 hours
The nurse is assessing the client in the long-term care facility and notes bilateral pedal pitting edema. The nurse knows that this signifies excess volume in which fluid compartment?
Intracellular
Interstitial
Intravascular
Transcellular
Which laboratory result on a client’s health record should alert the nurse to a potential problem?
Sodium (Na+) = 137 mEq/L
Potassium (K+) = 5.2 mEq/L
Calcium (Ca2+) = 9.2 mg/dL
Magnesium (Mg2+) = 1.8 mg/dL
