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Endocrine System Study Guide

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 25mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Hormones are best described as:

a)

neurotransmitters

b)

glandular tissue

c)

a type of cell

d)

chemical messengers

2.

The part of the brain that controls hormone function is the:

a)

cerebellum

b)

hypothalamus

c)

thyroid

d)

medulla oblongata

3.

This organ, located near the stomach, is responsible for secreting insulin and glycogen:

a)

pancreas

b)

thyroid

c)

thymus

d)

adrenal gland

4.

The “master gland” of the endocrine system is the:

a)

thymus

b)

pituitary

c)

pineal

d)

thalamus

5.

Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback loop?

a)

shivering when the body temperature drops

b)

insulin being released in response to glucose

c)

uterine contractions during labor

d)

release of hormones to stimulate appetite

6.

A doctor wants to induce labor in a pregnant woman, which of the following hormones is she most likely to use?

a)

antidiuretic hormone

b)

prolactin

c)

oxytocin

d)

thyroxine

7.

If this disease is left untreated, nerves can become damaged (neuropathy) and can result in the inability to heal wounds and even loss of limbs. What is this disease?

a)

diabetes

b)

PTSD

c)

Cushing’s Disease

d)

dwarfism

8.

Hypothyroidism might cause which symptom?

a)

weight loss

b)

weight gain

c)

soft bones

d)

diabetes

9.

Epinephrine is released by the:

a)

pituitary

b)

pancreas

c)

adrenal glands

d)

thyroid

10.

The basal metabolic rate refers to:

a)

the level of glucose is constant in the blood

b)

the growth rate of a child

c)

the amount of calories needed to maintain life

d)

the resting heart rate of a normal human

11.

Which would be large in a child but much smaller and less active in an adult?

a)

pituitary

b)

pancreas

c)

thyroid

d)

thymus

12.

Which hormone would be considered the “opposite” of glucagon?

a)

insulin

b)

thyroxine

c)

melatonin

d)

cortisol

13.

Cortisol may be released as a response to:

a)

changes in daylight

b)

stress

c)

high blood pressure

d)

sexual development

14.

A tumor of the pituitary gland disrupts its functions. What symptoms are likely to appear in the patient?

a)

inability to gain weight

b)

infertility

c)

anxiety

d)

all of these

15.

Which regulates the blood concentration of calcium?

a)

calcitonin

b)

oxytocin

c)

luteinizing hormone

d)

Testosterone

16.

The pineal gland is responsible for:

a)

regulating circadian rhythms (night & day activity)

b)

maintaining water balance

c)

development of sex characteristics

d)

maintaining the immune system

17.

Hypoglycemia occurs when a person has:

a)

high blood pressure

b)

extreme stress

c)

low blood sugar

d)

a calcium deficiency

18.

Which of the following is NOT directly secreted by the pituitary gland?

a)

growth hormone

b)

adrenocorticotropin

c)

thyroxin

d)

prolactin

19.

This condition describes nerve damage as a result of untreated diabetes:

a)

goiter

b)

neuropathy

c)

hypoglycemia

d)

dwarfism

20.

Aldosterone is important for:

a)

maintaining blood glucose levels

b)

responds to stress and injury by activating cortisol

c)

growth and development

d)

maintaining blood pressure by regulating mineral concentrations

21.

Antidiuretic hormone controls:

a)

rate at which carbohydrates are broken down

b)

water balance and kidney function, decreases urine formation

c)

levels of calcium and potassium in the blood

d)

breakdown and uptake of glucose

22.

An increase of epinephrine in the blood may have resulted from?

a)

lack of sleep

b)

low blood sugar

c)

extreme stress (“flight or fight”)

d)

low calcium levels

23.

Iodine was added to salt to prevent enlargement of the thyroid, a condition known as:

a)

cushing’s syndrome

b)

diabetes

c)

hypoglycemia

d)

goiter

24.

Which of the following is a gonadotropin?

a)

estrogen

b)

testosterone

c)

calcitonin

d)

both a & b

25.

This hormone helps adults maintain muscle and bone mass.

a)

growth hormone

b)

prolactin

c)

insulin

d)

luteinizing hormone

26.

What metaphor (comparison) can be used to explain how a NEGATIVE feedback loop works?

a)

a house thermostat

b)

a bee sting

c)

ants building a nest

d)

snowball rolling downhill

27.

Type II diabetes is usually diagnosed when a person is:

a)

young

b)

pregnant

c)

older

28.

Fertility treatments may be used to increase egg production in females. What hormone could be used?

a)

glucagon

b)

follicle stimulating hormone

c)

adrenocorticotropin

d)

thyroxin

29.

Which of the following is an example of an exocrine secretion?

a)

calcitonin

b)

steroids

c)

breast milk

d)

androgens

30.

A female has trouble gaining weight and reports that she feels anxious and jittery all the time. What gland could be causing this problem?

a)

thyroid

b)

pancreas

c)

pineal

d)

ovaries

31.

A diabetic who is insulin dependent is feeling faint and sleepy. What should she do?

a)

eat something with sugar

b)

drink water

c)

exercise

d)

inject insulin

32.

This type of diabetes might occur when a woman is pregnant?

a)

type I

b)

type II

c)

gestational

d)

insipidus

33.

A child is diagnosed with a problem that prevents her from making growth hormone. This could result in what disorder?

a)

diabetes

b)

dwarfism

c)

sterility

d)

grave’s disease

34.

What gland(s) are located behind the thyroid?

a)

thymus

b)

adrenal

c)

pineal

d)

parathyroid

35.

What is a risk factor for Type 2 Diabetes?

a)

high blood pressure

b)

exposure to a virus

c)

pregnancy

d)

obesity

36.

Melatonin is a hormone that affects:

a)

sleep cycles

b)

water balance

c)

sex drive

d)

blood pressure

37.

Which hormone regulates water balance by influencing the amount of urination and water conservation?

a)

prolactin

b)

antidiuretic hormone

c)

thyroxine

d)

adrenocorticotropin

38.

The cortex and medulla are individual parts of what gland?

a)

pituitary

b)

thyroid

c)

adrenal

d)

pancreas

39.

This disease can result from an overactive adrenal gland and can cause weight gain and hair loss.

a)

diabetes

b)

dwarfism

c)

hypothyroidism

d)

Cushing’s disease

40.

Testosterone and estrogen are both types of:

a)

steroids

b)

feedback loop

c)

gonadotropins

d)

thyroid hormones

41.

On the labeled body diagram, which label indicates the location of the testes? Labels available: A, B, C, D, AB, AC, E.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

E

42.

On the labeled body diagram, which label indicates the location of the thyroid? Labels available: A, B, C, D, AB, AC, E.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

43.

On the labeled body diagram, which label indicates the location of the pituitary? Labels available: A, B, C, D, AB, AC, E.

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

44.

On the labeled body diagram, which label indicates the location of the adrenal gland? Labels available: A, B, C, D, AB, AC, E.

a)

C

b)

D

c)

AB

d)

AC

45.

On the labeled body diagram, which label indicates the location of the pancreas? Labels available: A, B, C, D, AB, AC, E.

a)

AB

b)

AC

c)

D

d)

E

46.

On the labeled body diagram, which label indicates the location of the ovary? Labels available: A, B, C, D, AB, AC, E.

a)

AB

b)

AC

c)

D

d)

E

47.

The image of the thyroid feedback pathway shows what type of regulatory system?

a)

negative feedback loop

b)

positive feedback loop

c)

anti-inhibition

48.

What is the identity of the box labeled ? in the thyroid feedback diagram?

a)

thalamus

b)

medulla oblongata

c)

pituitary gland

d)

parathyroid

49.

In the thyroid feedback diagram, what is hormone X?

a)

adrenocorticotropin

b)

luteinizing hormone

c)

prolactin

d)

thyroid stimulating hormone

50.

In the thyroid feedback diagram, what is hormone Y?

a)

insulin

b)

thyroxine

c)

cortisol

d)

gonadotropin