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Вопросы по философии и науке

Total questions: 52

Worksheet time: 26mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

All sciences are divided into physics and stamp collecting, - said:

a)

Ernest Rutherford

b)

Richard Dawkins

c)

Immanuel Kant

d)

Albert Einstein

e)

Isaac Newton

2.

"Civilization" is considered the last stage of development of any culture:

a)

Oswald Spengler

b)

Nikolai Danilevsky

c)

Arnold J. Toynbee

d)

Karl Jaspers

e)

Martin Buber

3.

"Evolution" is the central concept in the doctrine of:

a)

John Stuart Mill

b)

Herbert Spencer

c)

Auguste Comte

d)

Saint-Simon

e)

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

4.

"God is dead", the reevaluation of values, and the idea of the Übermensch are found in the philosophy of:

a)

Friedrich Nietzsche

b)

Albert Camus

c)

Martin Buber

d)

Karl Jaspers

e)

Jean-Paul Sartre

5.

"Have the courage to use your own understanding!" wrote:

a)

Diderot

b)

Voltaire

c)

Montagne

d)

Rousseau

e)

Kant

6.

"I believe because it is absurd" was stated by:

a)

Augustine of Hippo

b)

Tertullian

c)

Thomas Aquinas

d)

Giordano Bruno

e)

Thomas More

7.

"I believe in order to understand" is a statement of:

a)

Scholasticism

b)

Peripateticism

c)

Agnosticism

d)

Fatherhood

e)

Creationism

8.

"The less superstition, the less bias; the less bias, the less misfortune and disasters" - these words were spoken by:

a)

Diderot

b)

Rousseau

c)

Voltaire

d)

Holbach

e)

Condorcet

9.

"Man is born free, and yet everywhere he is in chains" - the treatise opens with these words:

a)

Discourse on the Freedom of Thought

b)

Philosophical Inquiry into Human Freedom

c)

Fifteen Sermons on Human Nature

d)

On the Social Contract

e)

Thoughts on Various Subjects

10.

"Social anthropology" is...:

a)

Discipline of natural sciences

b)

Interdisciplinary field of knowledge

c)

Studies the influence of natural phenomena on human behavior

d)

Studies the relationship between humans and space

e)

Addreses the problems of natural sciences of our time

11.

"The book of nature is written in the language of mathematics," - stated:

a)

Copernicus

b)

Galileo

c)

Bacon

d)

Descartes

e)

Newton

12.

"The Epic of Gilgamesh, or He Who Saw Everything" is a poetic work of:

a)

Sumerian civilization

b)

Indian civilization

c)

Egyptian civilization

d)

Chinese civilization

e)

Persian civilization

13.

"In every knowledge, there is as much truth as there is in mathematics", - believed:

a)

Copernicus

b)

Galileo

c)

Kant

d)

Descartes

e)

Newton

14.

"The word, life, science, creation, power, insight, justice" - these are the "eight faces" of Allah mentioned:

a)

Chokan Valikhanov

b)

Akmet Baitursynov

c)

Magzhan Zhumabaev

d)

Abai Kunanbaev

e)

Mustafa Shokay

15.

The distinctive feature of the worldview of French Enlightenment thinkers, related to their anti-theological activities, is:

a)

Anti-clericalism

b)

Secularism

c)

Humanism

d)

Enlightenment

e)

Atheism

16.

A person who behaves in a way that is acceptable to most people and avoids doing things that may be considered different or unusual:

a)

supporter

b)

follower

c)

advocate

d)

conformist

e)

adept

17.

A person who does not behave as most people do:

a)

antagonist

b)

nonconformist

c)

protester

d)

opponent

e)

adversary

18.

Philosophical theory that emphasizes the existence of individual freedom:

a)

Nihilism

b)

Empiricism

c)

Liberalism

d)

Romanticism

e)

No correct answer

19.

The philosophical trend that absolutized the laws of mechanics in relation to social philosophy:

a)

Existentialism

b)

French materialism of the 18th century

c)

Phenomenology

d)

Postmodernism

e)

Psychoanalysis

20.

Renaissance thinker who believed that a ruler should combine the qualities of a lion and a fox:

a)

Campanella

b)

More

c)

Petrarch

d)

Bruno

e)

Machiavelli

21.

The sign of the artistic nature of a specific work can only be:

a)

Reason

b)

System of criteria

c)

Theory of art

d)

Ideal

e)

Experience

22.

The system of philosophy that recognizes only things that can be scientifically or logically proven:

a)

Romanticism

b)

Existentialism

c)

Nihilism

d)

Positivism

e)

No correct answer

23.

The thinker who claims that a philosopher should be at the head of the state:

a)

Aristotle

b)

Democritus

c)

Heraclitus

d)

Plato

e)

Epicurus

24.

The thinker whose ideas about man reflect the following statement: "Man is a wolf to man":

a)

Spinoza

b)

Hobbes

c)

Pascale

d)

Hegel

e)

Kant

25.

Utilitarian and practical approach to life:

a)

Creates an artistic image

b)

Contributes to the understanding of the essence of the aesthetic

c)

Leads to the loss of the specificity of art

d)

Provides a basis for creating the beautiful

e)

Opposes the beautiful and the ugly

26.

The utopian program of universal social transformation based on communal ownership was presented by:

a)

Confucius in 'Conversations and Judgments'

b)

Tommaso Campanella in 'The City of the Sun'

c)

Plato in 'The Republic'

d)

Charles de Montesquieu in 'The Spirit of the Laws'

e)

Michel de Montaigne in 'Essays'

27.

Abai Kunanbayev stated in his works:

a)

Blind faith in Allah

b)

True faith in Allah - iman

c)

Denial of God

d)

Pantheism

28.

is by Montesquieu in 'The Spirit of the Laws'

a)

Michel de Montaigne in 'Essays'

b)

Abai Kunanbaev in his works:

c)

True faith in Allah - iman

d)

Blind faith in Allah

e)

Denial of God

29.

Abai Kunanbaev in his works:

a)

Blind faith in Allah

b)

True faith in Allah - iman

c)

Denial of God

d)

Pantheistic ideas

e)

The idea of God as the first cause

30.

According to Abai, 'the power of the Almighty is expressed in ...'

a)

Science and mercy

b)

Technology and nature

c)

Art and culture

d)

Man and society

e)

Law and virtue

31.

According to Al-Farabi, the ideal social structure:

a)

city of freedom

b)

city of panic

c)

city of the sun

d)

city of ambitions

e)

virtuous city

32.

According to Al-Farabi, the most valuable quality in a person, and thus a means of getting closer to Allah, is:

a)

Faith

b)

Conscience

c)

Love

d)

Reason

e)

Feeling

33.

According to Augustine, the state, as the 'kingdom of sin', is based on:

a)

Law

b)

Contract

c)

Man's love for himself

d)

Man's love for God

e)

Private property

34.

According to B. Spinoza, everything in the world is governed by:

a)

Absolute necessity

b)

Man

c)

World soul

d)

Objective laws of nature

e)

God the demiurge

35.

According to Hegel, the true driving force of history is:

a)

Natural selection

b)

Class struggle

c)

World spirit

d)

Historical figures

e)

Spiritual values

36.

According to José Ortega y Gasset, the emergence of technical technology and engineers occurs with the emergence of:

a)

Christianity

b)

New Era

c)

Philosophy

d)

Law

e)

State

37.

According to Kant, the kingdom of nature is necessity, while the kingdom of culture is:

a)

Possibility

b)

Content

c)

Chance

d)

Freedom

e)

Consequence

38.

According to M. Weber's concept, society is:

a)

Life world, constructed according to the phenomenology of consciousness

b)

Understanding 'being-in-the-world'

c)

Free practical and creative choice

d)

A system of social actions and their meanings

e)

Economic interactions between people

39.

According to Nietzsche, since there is no transcendent ethics or values, we must:

a)

We must live in a transcendent world

b)

We must destroy everything

c)

We must live in its imaginary form

d)

We must live in absurdity

e)

We must create our own values

40.

According to O. Spengler's definition, civilization is...

a)

Twilight of the Gods

b)

Decline of Europe

c)

Birth of Culture

d)

Death of Culture

e)

Beginning of Society

41.

According to Rousseau, fundamental social problems can be solved through:

a)

Properly organized education and training

b)

Development of science and technology

c)

Strengthening the role of the church in society

d)

Expanding the powers of government bodies

e)

Accelerating any religion

42.

According to Spengler, the reason for the 'transformation' of culture into 'civilization' is:

a)

Dominance of technicism

b)

Massification of culture

c)

Decline of morality

d)

Globalization

e)

Struggle for power

43.

According to Spinoza, the wisdom of a 'free man' consists in the contemplation of:

a)

Death

b)

Universe

c)

Life

d)

Nature

e)

First Cause

44.

Adequate reflection of reality in art, deep disclosure of the essence of depicted phenomena from the perspective of aesthetic ideals is called:

a)

Artistic truth

b)

Copying

c)

Plagiarism

d)

Separation from reality

e)

Fiction

45.

Ancient Egyptian text is:

a)

Book of Songs

b)

Book of Rituals

c)

Book of the Dead

d)

Book of Changes

e)

Book of Sacrifices

46.

Ancient philosopher who believed that the material world consists of atoms:

a)

Aristotle

b)

Pyrro

c)

Zeno

d)

Democritus

e)

Heraclitus

47.

Indicator of the objectively existing discrepancy, contradictions between a person and the external world, and the desire to eliminate this discrepancy:

a)

Aesthetic perception

b)

Artistic creativity

c)

Aesthetic feeling

d)

Aesthetic need

e)

Artistic taste

48.

An open society, according to Popper's definition, is characterized by:

a)

a dynamic social structure and traditionalism

b)

the ability to innovate and limited mobility

c)

Individualism and a democratic pluralistic ideology

d)

Critique and a static social structure

e)

high mobility and a dogmatic authoritarian ideology

49.

Analyzes and develops the theory of separation of powers as a pillar of the rule of law and the practice of democratic life:

a)

Diderot

b)

Rousseau

c)

Voltaire

d)

Holbach

e)

Montesquieu

50.

Antonio Gaudi is a famous ...:

a)

American director

b)

English scientist

c)

Italian sculptor

d)

Spanish architect

e)

Argentinian artist

51.

Аристотель разделил науки на три группы:

a)

Теоретические, практические и рациональные

b)

Теоретические, практические и культурные

c)

Теоретические, практические и этические

d)

Теоретические, практические и эмпирические

e)

Теоретические, практические и поэтические

52.

Искусство, согласно Шиллеру, должно изображать:

a)

Мораль

b)

Чувственное

c)

Сверхчувственное

d)

Опыт

e)

Реальность

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