Worksheetssciece
Total questions: 99
Worksheet time: 50mins
What is the term for the ability of an organism to keep steady internal conditions, like body temperature, when the outside environment changes?
Reproduction
Homeostasis
Stimuli
Development
A plant growing towards sunlight is an example of a living thing...
Reproducing
Using energy
Responding to a stimulus
Maintaining homeostasis
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living things?
They are made of one or more cells.
They can move from one place to another.
They grow and develop.
They need energy.
The process by which living things create new living things is called...
Homeostasis
Reproduction
Organization
Growth
All of the following are examples of stimuli that an organism might respond to EXCEPT...
The sound of a predator
A change in temperature
The availability of food
The color of its own fur
Why is a car NOT considered a living thing?
It doesn't need energy.
It cannot respond to stimuli.
It does not grow and develop in the way a living thing does.
All of the above.
Which two questions should a student ask to determine if an object is alive, based on the characteristics of life?
Does the object grow and reproduce? Does it respond to its environment?
Does the object have a color? Does it make noise?
Does the object move quickly? Does it change shape?
Does the object contain metal? Does it float in water?
Which should NOT be included in a model developed to show differences between unicellular and multicellular organisms?
Unicellular organisms have fewer cells than multicellular organisms.
Unicellular organisms are larger than multicellular organisms.
Unicellular organisms are organized differently than multicellular organisms.
Unicellular organisms are smaller than multicellular organisms.
Look at the image of the cell below. What type of cell is it?
Eukaryotic cell
Animal cell
Prokaryotic cell
Plant cell
The most important difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that prokaryotic cells...
are much smaller.
do not have genetic material surrounded by a lining.
cannot respond to their environment.
do not need energy to survive.
Look at the image of the cell below. What is the main function of the structure labeled "Nucleus"?
To store water
To create energy
To surround and protect the genetic material
To help the cell move
Which of the following lists contains ONLY organisms made of eukaryotic cells?
Bacteria, Archaea
Plants, Animals, Fungi
Trees, Bacteria, Dogs
Protists, Bacteria, Mushrooms
Look at the two cells shown below. Which statement best compares their size?
A eukaryotic cell is about the same size as a prokaryotic cell.
A prokaryotic cell is usually larger than a eukaryotic cell.
About ten prokaryotic cells would fit inside one eukaryotic cell.
Prokaryotic cells are too small to see with a microscope.
Which is the best explanation of the change in energy shown in the model?
New energy is produced by plants during photosynthesis.
Large amounts of energy are released into the environment during photosynthesis.
Energy from sunlight is destroyed as it powers photosynthesis.
Energy input from the environment is stored in food molecules during photosynthesis.
In recent decades, average global temperatures have increased significantly. Scientists agree that the widespread destruction of the Amazon rainforest contributes to climate change. Which mechanism might be cited to support that hypothesis?
Deforestation causes water on the ground to reflect sunlight.
Deforestation reduces the number of plants able to absorb carbon dioxide.
Photosynthesis produces energy, which gives off heat.
Plants use up energy during cellular respiration.
Look at the image. In which organelle does this process primarily occur?
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
Chloroplast
Vacuole
The primary source of energy for the process of photosynthesis is...
sugar (glucose)
oxygen
carbon dioxide
light
Look at the diagram below. What is the name of the process that this organelle is carrying out?
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Reproduction
Waste Removal
What are the two main products of photosynthesis that are used by other organisms?
Carbon dioxide and water
Glucose and oxygen
Light energy and heat
Oxygen and carbon dioxide
Look at the image below showing a plant and an animal. The arrow between them represents...
the transfer of light energy.
the one-way flow of oxygen from the animal to the plant.
the cycling of gases (like oxygen and carbon dioxide) between living things
the creation of water from glucose.
In the Photosynthesis and Light lab with Elodea, what gas was produced by the plant when it was exposed to light?
Carbon Dioxide
Water Vapor
Oxygen
Glucose
In the photosynthesis equation (6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Light Energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂), what are the reactants, or ingredients, that the plant uses?
Glucose and oxygen
Carbon dioxide, water, and light energy
Carbon dioxide and glucose
Water and oxygen
Look at the cellular respiration equation: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Usable Energy. What is one of the products released by this process?
Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)
Light Energy
Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
Oxygen (O₂)
How do the equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration show that they form a cycle?
They both produce the same products.
They both use light energy to function.
The products of one process are used as the reactants for the other.
They both take place in the same organelle.
Imagine you eat a leaf of lettuce from the Elodea plant. What molecule in the lettuce provides your cells with energy? What process in your cells releases this energy, and which organelle performs it? What gas do you breathe out that the Elodea plant can then use?
a. Glucose (sugar) b. Cellular respiration, mitochondria c. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
a. Protein b. Photosynthesis, chloroplast c. Oxygen (O₂)
a. Starch b. Fermentation, cytoplasm c. Nitrogen (N₂)
a. Fat b. Digestion, lysosome c. Methane (CH₄)
The chemical equations for photosynthesis and cellular respiration are shown below. Photosynthesis: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Light Energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ Cellular Respiration: C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Usable Energy
a. The products of one process are the reactants of the other (photosynthesis uses CO₂ and produces O₂; cellular respiration uses O₂ and produces CO₂). b. Photosynthesis provides energy and oxygen; cellular respiration releases energy from food for cell function.
c. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration both produce glucose as their main product.
d. Cellular respiration uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen, while photosynthesis does the opposite.
e. Both processes require light energy to occur.
Glycolysis is:
the process of breaking down glucose to produce energy
the synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources
the breakdown of proteins into amino acids
the conversion of fats into fatty acids
What is glycolysis?
The process of making new cells
The breakdown of glucose to release energy
The movement of oxygen into the blood
The process of photosynthesis in plants
Where in the cell does glycolysis take place?
In the nucleus
In the mitochondria
In the cytoplasm
In the cell membrane
Which molecule is broken down during glycolysis?
Water
Oxygen
Glucose (sugar)
Carbon dioxide
What energy molecule is produced during glycolysis?
DNA
ATP
RNA
Protein
Does glycolysis require oxygen to occur?
Yes, always
Only at night
Only in plant cells
No, it does not need oxygen
Plants use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make their own food through which process?
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Fermentation
Transpiration
Photosynthesis is important for both plants and animals because:
it produces oxygen and food necessary for life.
it causes plants to lose water rapidly.
it makes animals grow faster than plants.
it allows plants to move from place to place.
What would happen if plants could no longer perform photosynthesis?
Plants would be unable to produce food and would eventually die.
Plants would grow faster due to increased energy.
Plants would start producing oxygen at a higher rate.
Plants would become carnivorous to survive.
Energy from the Sun is stored during photosynthesis in which form?
As chemical energy in glucose
As heat energy in leaves
As light energy in chlorophyll
As electrical energy in roots
Select the correct word equation for photosynthesis and its meaning.
Photosynthesis: Carbon dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen. This means plants use carbon dioxide and water to make glucose and release oxygen.
Photosynthesis: Oxygen + Glucose → Carbon dioxide + Water. This means plants use oxygen and glucose to make carbon dioxide and water.
Photosynthesis: Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water. This means plants use glucose and oxygen to make carbon dioxide and water.
Photosynthesis: Water + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Glucose. This means plants use water and oxygen to make carbon dioxide and glucose.
Cells get energy from the food we eat by:
absorbing sunlight directly
breaking down food molecules through cellular respiration
using water to create energy
storing food without breaking it down
Cellular respiration takes place in which part of a cell, and what is produced at the end of the process?
Nucleus; Oxygen
Mitochondria; ATP
Cytoplasm; Glucose
Ribosome; Protein
Both plants and animals need cellular respiration because:
It provides energy for their cells to function.
It helps them absorb sunlight directly.
It allows them to produce oxygen.
It enables them to grow without nutrients.
Oxygen and glucose are used during cellular respiration to:
produce energy, carbon dioxide, and water
create oxygen and glucose
store energy as fat
release only oxygen
If an organism's cells could not perform cellular respiration, it would:
be unable to produce energy and eventually die.
grow faster than normal.
become immune to diseases.
produce more oxygen than usual.
Identify the differences between a food chain, a food web, and a food pyramid.
A food chain shows a single pathway of energy flow, a food web shows multiple interconnected pathways, and a food pyramid represents the energy or biomass at each trophic level.
A food chain and food web both show energy flow, but a food pyramid only shows animal relationships.
A food chain shows all possible feeding relationships, a food web shows only one, and a food pyramid shows the number of organisms.
A food chain and food pyramid are the same, while a food web is different.
Which level in the food pyramid has the most energy?
Producers (plants)
Primary consumers (herbivores)
Secondary consumers (carnivores)
Tertiary consumers (top predators)
Which level in the food pyramid consists of top predators?
Tertiary consumers
Primary producers
Primary consumers
Secondary consumers
Analyze the food web. Which statement is correct?
The model tracks the transfer of energy as energy flows in this ecosystem.
The transfer of matter back into the environment occurs only at the detritivore level
The model shows the transfer of matter only
The decomposers in the model use matter but not energy for their life process.
What does a food chain show?
The energy transfer between one group of animals only
How energy cycles through the environment
The movement of energy in a single line from one organism to another
The number of animals in an ecosystem
How is a food web different from a food chain?
It shows only one predator
It includes many connected food chains
It shows only plants and herbivores
It focuses on energy loss
What does a food pyramid represent?
How fast energy moves
How much energy is available at each level of the food chain
The number of food chains in an ecosystem
The flow of water in the environment
Which level of a food pyramid has the most energy?
Tertiary consumers
Primary consumers
Secondary consumers
Producers (plants)
Why does energy decrease at each level of a food pyramid?
Some energy is used for life processes or lost as heat
Energy disappears completely
Top predators don’t need energy
Energy skips certain levels
Look at the diagram below showing a food web in a forest ecosystem. How does energy flow from one trophic level to the next, and why does energy decrease at each level?
Energy flows from producers to consumers, and energy decreases at each level due to loss as heat and metabolic processes.
Energy flows from consumers to producers, and energy increases at each level due to accumulation.
Energy flows randomly between organisms, and energy remains constant at each level.
Energy flows only within one trophic level, and energy increases due to photosynthesis.
KPI- describe the processes involved in the cycling of matter and flow of energy.
The cycling of matter involves processes such as photosynthesis, decomposition, and respiration, while the flow of energy moves in one direction from producers to consumers.
The cycling of matter only involves the movement of water, and energy flows in a circular pattern.
Matter cycles through ecosystems without any involvement of living organisms, and energy is recycled indefinitely.
The cycling of matter and flow of energy are both reversible and occur only in aquatic ecosystems.
What is nitrogen fixation?
Nitrogen fixation is the process by which bacteria convert nitrogen gas (N₂) from the air into usable nitrogen compounds like nitrates or ammonia that plants can absorb through their roots.
Nitrogen fixation is the process by which plants release oxygen into the atmosphere during photosynthesis.
Nitrogen fixation is the process by which animals convert carbohydrates into energy.
Nitrogen fixation is the process by which water vapor condenses to form clouds.
Steps of Nitrogen Fixation: 1. ______ in soil or root nodules of plants (like peas or beans) take in nitrogen gas from the air.
Bacteria
Fungi
Algae
Insects
Which cycle involves bacteria changing nitrogen into forms plants can use?
Water Cycle
Carbon Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
Carbon moves through the environment in various ways, and plants play a key role in the carbon cycle. What is the role that plants play in the carbon cycle?
Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis.
Plants release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere during photosynthesis.
Plants do not interact with carbon in the environment.
Plants convert carbon dioxide into oxygen during respiration.
What is the main source of energy for all life on Earth?
The Moon
The Sun
The ocean
The atmosphere
In an ecosystem, energy flows in which direction?
From decomposers to the Sun
From consumers to producers
From the Sun to producers to consumers
In a circle forever
Which group of organisms recycles matter back into the soil?
Producers
Consumers
Decomposers
Predators
How is matter different from energy in an ecosystem?
Matter is not recycled
Energy is recycled, matter is not
Both stop moving at the top of the food chain
Matter cycles; energy flows one way
When an animal eats a plant, what happens to energy?
It flows from the plant to the animal
It disappears
It turns into sunlight
It freezes
What is nitrogen fixation?
The process of adding nitrogen to fertilizers
The storage of nitrogen in the air
The movement of nitrogen from plants to animals
The process of turning nitrogen gas into usable compounds for plants
Which organisms perform nitrogen fixation?
Humans
Trees
Bacteria
Fungi
Which plants often have nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their roots?
Grasses
Legumes (beans, peas)
Cacti
Ferns
Why is nitrogen important to living things?
It gives plants water
It helps make proteins and DNA
It produces sunlight
It causes photosynthesis
What happens to nitrogen after plants and animals die?
It returns to the atmosphere and soil through decomposers
It disappears
It turns into carbon dioxide
Limiting factors are _________. Examples include _________. They affect the population by _________.
environmental conditions that restrict population growth; food, water, space; controlling population size
resources that always increase population; sunlight, oxygen, nitrogen; causing unlimited growth
factors that have no impact on populations; rocks, sand, soil; keeping population constant
elements that only help populations grow; rain, wind, clouds; increasing population size
What is a limiting factor?
Something that helps a population grow
A condition that slows or stops population growth
A type of food chain
A part of the carbon cycle
Which of these is a limiting factor for fish in a pond?
Amount of sunlight on land
Availability of water in the pond
Amount of oxygen in the water
Number of stars at night
If food becomes scarce, what happens to a population?
It decreases
It stays the same
It grows faster
It turns into a new species
What happens when too many animals live in one area?
Competition for resources increases
Resources become unlimited
Populations stop reproducing forever
Nothing changes
Which is not a limiting factor?
Food
Water
Shelter
Sunshine in space
A symbiotic relationship involves close interaction between two different species. Which of the following is an example of a symbiotic relationship and describes how populations interact in a community?
A bee pollinating a flower, benefiting both species
A lion hunting a zebra, benefiting only the lion
A tree growing in a forest, unaffected by nearby animals
A fish swimming alone in a pond, not interacting with other species
What is it called when one animal hunts and eats another?
Competition
Cooperation
Predation
Symbiosis
When two species need the same food, they are:
Cooperating
Competing
Symbiotic
Migrating
Wolves hunting together is an example of:
Cooperation
Parasitism
Competition
Predation
What is the general term for close, long-term interactions between species?
Symbiosis
Competition
Succession
Predation
Which interaction keeps populations balanced in nature?
Cooperation
Mutualism
Parasitism
Predation
Which type of symbiotic relationship helps both species?
Mutualism
Parasitism
Competition
Predation
A flea on a dog is an example of:
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
Cooperation
A bird eating insects off a cow's back is an example of:
Parasitism
Mutualism
Competition
Commensalism
Epiphytes growing on trees is an example of:
Parasitism
Mutualism
Commensalism
Predation
Which term is represented A?
Parasitism
Mutualism
Commensalism
Predation
11. Select the correct example that demonstrates both mutualism and commensalism.
A bee pollinating a flower and barnacles attaching to a whale
A lion hunting a zebra and a bird building a nest in a tree
A dog chasing a cat and a fish swimming in a pond
A spider spinning a web and a squirrel eating nuts
Symbiotic relationships are important for ecosystems because they:
help maintain balance and support survival of different species
cause competition that harms all organisms
reduce biodiversity in ecosystems
prevent any interaction between species
If parasitism harms the host, why do parasites not usually kill their hosts immediately?
Because killing the host immediately would reduce the parasite's chances of survival and reproduction.
Because parasites are always beneficial to their hosts.
Because parasites cannot harm their hosts at all.
Because hosts are immune to parasites.
14. Cooperation is important for animals like elephants or monkeys because:
it helps them survive and protect each other
it makes them run faster
it allows them to change their color
it helps them fly long distances
The predator-prey relationship helps keep ecosystems balanced by:
controlling population sizes of species
eliminating all prey species
increasing competition among predators only
preventing any changes in the ecosystem
An example of competition in nature is:
Two lions fighting over territory
A bee pollinating a flower
A bird building a nest
A fish swimming in a pond
After a devastating forest fire, small green sprouts begin to appear on the forest floor. What is happening in the image?
The forest is undergoing primary succession.
The green sprouts might soon grow into plants and the forest will reappear.
The area is suffering from eutrophication.
What physical or biological changes are most likely to occur as populations shift?
The population will shift from aquatic organisms to more land habitat use.
The communities will not be affected.
The population will shift to more oxygen and nutrient-rich water.
Ecological succession, primary succession, and secondary succession differ in their processes and conditions. Which of the following best describes these differences and the concept of a climax community?
Primary succession occurs on bare, lifeless areas; secondary succession occurs where life existed before; ecological succession is the overall process; climax community is the stable end stage.
Primary succession and secondary succession are the same; ecological succession only happens in water; climax community is the first stage of succession.
Ecological succession only refers to animal populations; primary succession happens after a fire; climax community is a temporary stage.
Secondary succession occurs on bare rock; primary succession happens after a forest fire; ecological succession is unrelated to climax communities.
Primary Succession Definition: This type of succession starts in an area where there was ________ before — like bare rock after a volcanic eruption or a newly formed sand dune.
no life or soil
abundant vegetation
freshwater sources
animal habitats
Steps of Primary Succession: G. ________ (no soil). H. Pioneer species like lichens and mosses break down rock. I. Small plants grow as soil forms. J. Shrubs and grasses take root. K. Trees and animals appear — a stable climax community forms. Fill in the blank for step G.
Bare rock
Fertile soil
Dense forest
Freshwater lake
After a devastating forest fire, small green spouts begin to appear on the forest floor. What is happening in the image?
The forest is undergoing primary succession
The forest is undergoing secondary succession
The green spouts will not grow into full plants and the forest will not recover
The forest is suffering from eutrophication
What is ecological succession?
The extinction of species
The gradual change of living things in an ecosystem over time
The breaking down of rocks into soil
The cycle of water through the environment
Which condition best describes primary succession?
Begins on bare rock with no soil
Happens after a forest fire where soil remains
Starts in an ocean ecosystem
Occurs only in deserts
Which of the following happens during secondary succession?
Starts without any soil
Only happens on new volcanic rock
Takes millions of years to form soil
Begins after a disturbance but soil still exists
