Centralized government was usually based on __________ authority = THEOCRACY.

Agricultural surplus led to an increase in __________, especially along rivers and by sea.

What were the responsibilities of citizenship in the Greek polis? Select all that apply.

Athens was the first to develop what type of government?

What were the democratic principles of Athens? Select all that apply.

Sparta: What type of government did Sparta have?

What was the written law code of the Roman Republic?

Republic = __________ Democracy.

How long did the Pax Romana last?

Who initiated the Pax Romana?

What is the “feudal system”?

What is “Manorialism” (or the manorial system) based on?

TRADE PATTERNS (WHI.10) Goods: Gold from West __________.

TRADE PATTERNS (WHI.10) Goods: Spices from lands around the __________ Ocean.

Goods: Textiles from __________, __________, the ____________, and later __________.

Porcelain from ________ and ________. Which pair correctly completes the statement about trade goods on the Silk Roads?

Paper spread from ________ through the ________ world to ________ and Western ________. Which sequence best completes the statement about the diffusion of paper technology?

New crops from ________ (e.g., for making sugar). Which location best completes the statement?

Navigation innovations included a compass from ________ and a lateen sail from the ________ Ocean. Which option correctly completes both blanks?

Spread of ________ across the hemisphere. Which belief best completes the statement about ideas along trade routes?

Buddhism from China moved to ________ and ________. Which pair correctly completes the statement?

__________ and __________ from India and Southeast Asia. Which pair of religions best completes the statement about ideas exchanged on trade routes?

__________ into West Africa, Central and Southeast Asia. Which religion best completes the statement about diffusion along trade networks?

Printing and paper money came from ________. Which origin best completes the statement?

How did the Crusades impact the Renaissance? Choose the best explanation.

How would “letters of credit” increase trade? Choose the best explanation.

Where did the Renaissance start, and why? Choose the best explanation.

Which statement best describes Machiavelli’s views on a good ruler?

The passage below is an excerpt from which written law code? “If a man has stolen an ox, sheep, or pig, or a boat that belonged to a temple or palace, he shall repay thirty times its cost. If it belonged to a private citizen, he shall repay ten times. If he cannot pay, he shall be put to death.”

According to the table below comparing two written law codes, which option best explains the difference between them? Table summary: Ten Commandments—moral directives such as “Thou shalt not kill,” “Thou shalt not commit adultery,” “Thou shalt not steal,” and “Thou shalt not bear false witness.” Hammurabi’s Code—specific penalties such as death for child stealing, eye-for-an-eye for injuring a patrician, cutting off a son’s hands for striking his father, and breaking a limb if one has broken a patrician’s limb.

In most ancient civilizations, the labor force was most likely made up of –

Which statement best describes the ancient civilization shaded on the map of the eastern Mediterranean coast?

Which of the following would not have contributed to an agricultural surplus?

Which Hebrew leader is associated with the founding of Hebrew law?

The hereditary rulers of ancient Egypt were known as:

What was the political structure of the first civilization of Sumer?

Which written law codes are from the ancient river valley civilizations?

The first empire-builder, _____ united the city-states of Mesopotamia under his rule.

Which characteristic was most common in ancient river valley civilizations?

The early river valley civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt developed governments that were ruled by –

The main idea of Hammurabi’s Code was –

Which group occupied the lowest class in Greek society?

Compared to women of other Greek city-states, the women of Sparta –

What type of governmental system was originated by the polis of Athens?

Which group in classical Athens had political rights?

Which form of government is based upon rule by a small group of people?

Which of the following Athenians did not make reforms that led to or expanded democracy?

Which form of government did Sparta have?

These features describe the government of the city-state of – Direct Democracy; Public Debate; Duties of the Citizen.

The Spartans’ use of _____ allowed their military lifestyle, but also made it necessary as revolt was a constant fear.

All citizens in ancient Athens had the right to attend the Assembly, where they could meet in open discussion and cast votes. This situation is an example of –

This diagram represents the development of government in – Monarchy → Aristocracy → Tyranny → Direct Democracy.

Which term best describes the role of Spartan males from early childhood to adulthood?

Which term was associated with slavery in Sparta?

How did the Roman government differ from Greek government?

Which group was excluded from citizenship in the Roman Republic?

The majority of people in the Roman Republic were members of the –

Which is the Roman title for the social class at the top of the pyramid shown?

Which phrase best describes the Twelve Tables?

In the Roman government, what officials protected the rights of the plebeians?

In the Roman Republic, which group was responsible for making laws and public policy?

Using the timeline, the Pax Romana began under the rule of which ruler?

Which two statements best replace “I” and “II” in the Pax Romana impact graphic?

Which characteristic do classical China and Rome during the Pax Romana have in common?

When economic improvement allowed trade to expand within the Roman Empire?

Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of Pax Romana?

The Pax Romana period impacted politics throughout the Roman Empire by –

The political and military system based on the holding of land is called

The center of economic and social life during the Middle Ages was the

What did vassals most likely contribute to feudal society?

What did serfs and peasants get in return for their labor?

What did the lords offer to their vassals and knights in return for military service?

The major source of labor in the feudal system were the –

Which of the following best completes the graphic?

Feudalism was defined by the relationship between a lord and a –

Which cause best explains the sequence of events shown?

Which group made up the largest part of the population and was the main labor force of medieval life?

What piece of information best fits the shaded region?

Where did the philosophy of Buddhism originate?

As a result of trans-Saharan trade, the areas of West Africa converted to –

A negative effect of the use of trade routes was the spread of –

Which area had an abundance of Amber?

Which religion spread from mainland Asia to Japan?

Where did Hinduism originate?

Use the map to answer this question. Spices came from the region around the ____ Ocean? The map labels SPICES over the sea between East Africa, Arabia, India, and Southeast Asia.

Use the map to answer this question. What area was NOT a source of textiles? The map labels TEXTILES over Persia, India, and East Asia.

Use the map to answer this question. Amber came from the region of –

Use the map to answer this question. Which regions produced porcelain?

The technology of the lateen sail came from the area with the number: The numbered map shows 1–6 placed on world regions; number 4 marks the Arabian Peninsula/Red Sea area.

Which idea or technology did NOT come from China?

This image is often associated with –

One of the economic effects of the Crusades was that it encouraged the use of –

The use of which of the following made banking practices easier?

The Crusades stimulated trade by introducing Europeans to many desirable –

As a result of the expansion of trade after the Crusades, all of the following items were trade EXCEPT –

Which of these was NOT an economic impact of the Crusades on Europe?

Which of the following best completes the graphic? Economic Foundations of the Italian Renaissance. Cause leads to Effect: Secularization of Northern Italy.

How did the Crusades stimulate trade in Europe?

Which statement does NOT describe the changing economic system in Europe after the Crusades?

Which theory on governing would be best supported by this quote? “Men ought either to be well treated or crushed, because they can avenge themselves of lighter injuries, of more serious ones they cannot; therefore the injury that is to be done to a man ought to be of such a kind that one does not stand in fear of revenge.” — Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince

The Renaissance began –

Which political philosopher maintained “the end justifies the means?”

Italian cities like Venice and Genoa became important after the Crusades due to their –