WorksheetsMed surg practice questions htn valvular disorders
Total questions: 12
Worksheet time: 18mins
A patient with Stage 2 hypertension is started on lisinopril. Which finding during the first 48 hours of therapy would require the nurse to question continuation of the medication?
Persistent dry cough
Swelling of lips and tongue
BP reduction from 170/92 to 148/86
Fatigue and mild dizziness
A patient on hydrochlorothiazide reports dizziness and muscle cramps. The nurse anticipates which laboratory change is most likely?
Hyperkalemia
Hypokalemia
Hypercalcemia
Hyponatremia
In evaluating the effectiveness of lifestyle changes for hypertension, which finding best indicates improvement?
Weight loss of 2 lb in one month
Resting heart rate decrease from 90 to 80 bpm
BP reduction from 158/98 to 128/82 mm Hg
Patient reports less stress at work
A patient taking labetalol develops wheezing and shortness of breath. The nurse recognizes this is most likely due to:
Beta-1 receptor blockade
Alpha-1 receptor blockade
Beta-2 receptor blockade
Excessive vasodilation
Which teaching is most appropriate for a patient prescribed prazosin?
"Take the first dose at bedtime to avoid dizziness."
"Limit intake of potassium-rich foods."
"Avoid dairy products within 1 hour of taking this drug."
"Report increased sweating to your provider."
Which statement by a patient with hypertension requires further teaching?
"I will check my BP at the same time each day."
"I can stop my medication once my BP is normal."
"I will rise slowly from sitting to standing."
"I'll keep a log of my daily BP readings."
A client with a mechanical valve replacement is starting warfarin therapy. What dietary advice should the nurse provide?
Avoid all foods containing potassium (K+)
Maintain consistent intake of vitamin K-rich foods like leafy greens
Increase intake of grapefruit juice
Eliminate all dairy products
During discharge teaching, the nurse explains the importance of DASH diet to a hypertensive client. The client asks why it's necessary to reduce sodium intake if they feel fine. How should the nurse respond to synthesize the explanation?
"Reducing sodium helps lower your blood pressure and reduces strain on your heart and kidneys."
"Because your doctor told you to do it."
"Sodium doesn't affect blood pressure, but it's still good to limit it."
"You can eat as much sodium as you want if you take your medications."
A client with hypertension is diagnosed with the nursing diagnosis: Ineffective Health Management related to lack of knowledge about disease process. Which goal is most appropriate to include in the client's plan of care?
Client will maintain blood pressure within target range by discharge
Client will verbalize 3 side effects of prescribed medication regimen and name 3 lifestyle modifications within 48 hours
Client will limit physical activity during hospitalization
Client will be free from hypertension within 14 days
What is the primary nursing goal for a client with acute pericarditis?
Promote rest and monitor for signs of cardiac tamponade
Encourage early ambulation
Increase dietary sodium to prevent hypotension
Restrict fluid intake to prevent overload
A nurse is teaching a client with a prosthetic heart valve about prophylactic antibiotic use. Which statement indicates understanding?
"I will take antibiotics before dental procedures to prevent infection."
"I do not need antibiotics if I feel fine."
"Antibiotics are only necessary if I get a fever."
"Antibiotics should be taken only after surgery."
A client with a mechanical heart valve is prescribed warfarin. Which laboratory test does the nurse monitor to assess therapeutic effectiveness?
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)
Prothrombin Time (PT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR)
Platelet count
Bleeding time
