NEW
Font size
WorksheetsQuiz on Bioavailability and Drug Metabolism
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 10mins
Bioavailability refers to:
Fraction of drug excreted
Proportion reaching systemic circulation
Rate of metabolism
Extent of protein binding
Oral drugs have reduced bioavailability due to:
Rapid IV entry
First-pass metabolism
High solubility
Absence of enzymes
First-pass metabolism mainly occurs in:
Kidney
Liver
Spleen
Lungs
Drug with highest first-pass metabolism:
Morphine
Diazepam
Gentamicin
Heparin
Factor increasing bioavailability:
High first-pass metabolism
Poor lipid solubility
No hepatic metabolism
Decreased absorption
Absolute bioavailability compares:
Oral vs IM
IV vs oral
IV vs rectal
SC vs IM
Bioavailability of IV drugs is:
<100%
50%
Variable
100%
Apparent volume of distribution (Vd) is:
Actual body volume
Imaginary volume for drug dilution
Plasma volume only
Interstitial fluid volume
Large Vd indicates:
Drug stays in plasma
Extensive tissue binding
Poor distribution
High renal clearance
Drug with low Vd:
Heparin
Chloroquine
Digoxin
Amiodarone
Vd is used to calculate:
Maintenance dose
Loading dose
Rate of elimination
Infusion rate
Plasma protein binding mainly involves:
Globulins
Lipoproteins
Albumin
Chylomicrons
Highly protein-bound drugs:
Have short duration
Are rapidly excreted
Have low free fraction
Cannot interact with receptors
Most significant in protein binding displacement:
Weak acids
Weak bases
Gases
Volatile agents
Protein binding affects:
Toxicity only
Distribution only
Clearance and distribution
Bioavailability alone
In hypoalbuminemia, free drug concentration:
Decreases
Remains same
Increases
Is unpredictable
Warfarin displacement increases:
Bleeding risk
Diuresis
Heart rate
Metabolism
Drugs with >90% protein binding:
Have low Vd
High Vd
Short half-life
No clinical effects
Protein-bound fraction is:
Filtered by kidney
Not filtered by kidney
Actively secreted
Highly diffusible
High Vd and low protein binding are features of:
Hydrophilic drugs
Plasma-restricted drugs
Lipid-soluble drugs
Large polar drugs
