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WorksheetsBIOL 1406 - Lecture Quiz 11 - Genes to Proteins
Total questions: 15
Worksheet time: 8mins
The genetic code is essentially the same for all organisms. From this, one can logically assume which of the following statements to be true?
The same codons in different organisms translate into different amino acids.
A gene from an organism can theoretically be expressed by any other organism.
DNA was the first genetic material.
Different organisms have different types of amino acids.
Which of the following sequences of nucleotides are possible in the template strand of DNA that would code for the polypeptide sequence Phe-Leu-Ile-Val?
3'-AAA-GAA-TAA-CAA-5'
5'-TTG-CTA-CAG-TAG-3'
5'-AUG-CTG-CAG-TAT-3'
3'-AAA-AAT-ATA-ACA-5'
What amino acid sequence will be generated, based on the following mRNA codon sequence? 5'-AUG-UCU-UGU-UUA-UCC-UUG-3'
Met-Glu-Arg-Arg-Glu-Leu
Met-Ser-Leu-Ser-Leu-Ser
Met-Ser-Ser-Leu-Ser-Leu
Met-Arg-Glu-Arg-Glu-Arg
Which of the following processes occurs during transcription?
mRNA attaches to ribosomes
DNA is replicated
proteins are synthesized
RNA is synthesized
Which of the following molecular structures contain codons?
mRNA
tRNA
a protein
tRNA
Once researchers identified DNA as the molecule responsible for transmitting heritable traits, they asked how information was transferred from the DNA in the nucleus to the site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm. Which of the following statements correctly describes the mechanism of information transfer in eukaryotes that accomplishes this task?
Histone proteins in the chromosomes transfer information from the nucleus to the ribosome, where protein synthesis takes place.
DNA from a single gene is replicated and transferred to the cytoplasm, where it serves as a template for protein synthesis.
Messenger RNA is transcribed from a single gene and transfers information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where protein synthesis takes place.
Transfer RNA takes information from DNA directly to a ribosome, where protein synthesis takes place.
According to the central dogma, what is the intermediate molecule involved in the flow of information in a cell that should go in the blank? DNA → ______ → Proteins
mtDNA
rRNA
tRNA
mRNA
Which of the following processes correctly describes alternative RNA splicing?
It can allow the production of proteins of different sizes and functions from a single mRNA.
It increases the rate of transcription.
It can allow the production of similar proteins from different RNAs.
It is a mechanism for increasing the rate of translation.
Which one of the following structures, if missing, would usually prevent translation from starting?
5' cap
poly-A tail
exon
AUG codon
During the elongation phase of translation, which site in the ribosome represents the location where a codon is being read?
P site
E site
A site
the large ribosomal subunit
Which of the following processes occurs when termination of translation takes place?
The end of the mRNA molecule is reached.
The poly-A tail is reached.
The 5' cap is reached.
A stop codon is reached.
How might a single base substitution in the sequence of a gene affect the amino acid sequence of a protein encoded by the gene?
All amino acids following the substitution would be affected, because the reading frame would be shifted.
Only a single amino acid could change, because the reading frame would be unaffected.
It is not possible for a single base substitution to affect protein structure, because each codon is three bases long.
The amino acid sequence would be substantially altered, because the reading frame would change with a single base substitution.
A single base substitution mutation is likely to have a less deleterious effect when the base change exhibits which of the following results?
a stop codon
an amino acid substitution that alters the tertiary structure of the protein
an amino acid substitution at the active site of an enzyme
a codon that specifies the same amino acid as the original codon
Which of the following is not true of RNA processing?
RNA splicing can be catalyzed by spliceosomes.
Ribozymes may function in RNA splicing.
Nucleotides may be added at both ends of the RNA.
Exons are cut out before mRNA leaves the nucleus.
Which of the following statements about codons is FALSE?
It extends from one end of a tRNA molecule to the other.
It is the basic unit of the genetic code.
It may code for the same amino acid as another codon.
It never codes for more than one amino acid.
