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WorksheetsEthics & Morals Final Exam
Total questions: 44
Worksheet time: 22mins
According to virtue ethics, eudaimonia refers to:
A state of sadness or melancholy
Aristotle’s understanding of how God’s plan is to love everyone
A final belief that everything will be alright and
A state of human flourishing and living life to its fullest potential
Telos can best be described as:
A form of philosophical debate
The end of an experience; essentially when it is over or has come to completion
A type of ancient Greek architecture
The ultimate purpose or end goal of something's existence
What is the primary way virtue is developed according to virtue ethics?
Through natural instinct alone
Through punishment and reward
Through experience and habit
Through reading philosophical texts
Rational capacity, as discussed in the readings, refers to:
The ability to do whatever you want without consequences
The power to choose that can rise above appetite
A right to make choices that feel good in the moment
Something only adults truly possess
Deontology is an ethical theory that emphasizes:
Personal happiness above all else
Character development and virtue
The consequences of actions
Duties and rules that must be followed regardless of outcomes
What is a characteristic of the categorical imperative?
Universal command to act in any situation, no matter the outcome
Maximizing overall happiness or minimizing suffering
A catalog that has important items for sale for Christmas
Obligated to act in a way that provides the best outcome for the most
A vice is best described as:
A virtue taken to an extreme
A habit of excellence
A habit of moral failing or deficiency
A type of punishment
Ethos refers to:
A form of government that means everyone is the same
A type of ancient Greek architecture that creates and echo
The characteristic spirit of a community
A mathematical principle to help balance an equation
According to virtue ethics, what is the relationship between virtue and habit?
Habits are obstacles to virtue
Habits and virtues are completely unrelated
Only naturally virtuous people develop good habits
Virtues are developed through repeated practice and habituation
The distinction between mortal sin and venial sin suggests that:
Some sins are more serious than others
Venial sins don't matter at all
All sins are equally serious
Only mortal sins require forgiveness
Social sin is challenging to address because:
It only affects large organizations and is not important
It's impossible to change and therefore that challenge isn’t worth addressing
It creates pressure to conform and makes harmful practices seem normal
Only politicians can address it, so our culpability isn’t high at all
Virtue is primarily developed through reading about ethics rather than through practice and experience.
Unknown
Sometimes true
False
True
Mortal sin requires full knowledge and deliberate consent to be considered a serious violation.
True
False
Only in some traditions
Not defined
Culpability means that a person bears responsibility for their actions.
Only for legal matters
Only for unintended outcomes
False
True
Relativism maintains that moral truths are absolute and unchanging.
False
Only in science
Unclear
True
Match each term with its correct definition: Utilitarianism
The power to choose that can rise above appetite
The characteristic spirit of a community and its guiding beliefs
An ethical theory emphasizing duties and rules that must be followed regardless of outcomes
An ethical approach that maximizes overall happiness and minimizes suffering
Match each term with its correct definition: Vice
A serious violation of God's law with full knowledge and deliberate consent
A minor sin that weakens one's relationship with God but does not sever it
A habit of moral failing or deficiency
A habit of excellence and moral character
Match each term with its correct definition: Virtue
A minor sin that weakens one's relationship with God but does not sever it
A habit of moral failing or deficiency
A habit of excellence and moral character
A serious violation of God's law with full knowledge and deliberate consent
Match each term with its correct definition: Moral Sin
A habit of excellence and moral character
A habit of moral failing or deficiency
Structures of evil formed when individual sins accumulate in society
A serious violation of God's law with full knowledge and deliberate consent
Match each term with its correct definition: Venial Sin
A minor sin that weakens one's relationship with God but does not sever it
A habit of excellence and moral character
A habit of moral failing or deficiency
A serious violation of God's law with full knowledge and deliberate consent
Which of the following best describes the concept of eudaimonia in virtue ethics?
A temporary feeling of happiness
An absence of moral responsibility
A state of human flourishing and living in accordance with virtue
A strict adherence to rules regardless of outcomes
According to utilitarianism, what determines whether an action is morally right?
The action's conformity to established laws
The action's alignment with religious teachings
The action's popularity among peers
The action's ability to maximize overall happiness and minimize suffering
Which statement about virtue is most accurate according to virtue ethics?
Virtue is only relevant in legal contexts
Virtue is cultivated through repeated practice and forming good habits
Virtue is the same as following rules without question
Virtue is an innate trait that cannot be developed
An ethical decision is choosing what is wrong.
True
False
Malcolm is facing an ethical dilemma, but instead of responding to it, he avoids it and pretends it doesn’t exist. The problem will most likely
solve itself.
get better.
get worse.
go away.
Which of the following best describes Kant's concept of moral duty?
Doing what feels right in the moment.
Acting according to one's desires.
Performing actions based on personal benefit.
Acting in accordance with moral laws regardless of personal desires.
Why is it important to consider the consequences of our actions?
It is not important
To avoid getting in trouble
To ensure our actions lead to positive outcomes for ourselves and others
To make life more complicated
What does ethical decision-making involve?
Choosing the easiest option available
Considering what is right and wrong before making a decision
Following what your friends think is the best
Ignoring the consequences of your actions
What is an ethical dilemma?
A simple choice between right and wrong
A situation where all choices seem wrong
A situation where choices have both right and wrong elements
A problem that can be solved with money
Shayla isn’t breaking any laws, but her behavior still isn’t ethical. This is because simply doing what is __________ isn’t always considered ethical.
legal
correct
right
respectful
How can we make ethical decisions in difficult situations?
By following the crowd
By considering the well-being of everyone involved
By choosing the quickest solution
By ignoring the problem
Moral relativism can be described as
A claim that human beings are universally selfish
Important and lasting beliefs shared by members of a culture
Selfless behavior that puts other’s interests above our own
The belief that our values are determined by the environment/society in which we live; there is no right or wrong
Kant was influential in developing which ethical areas of thought?
Categorical imperative
Moral relativism
Nihilism
Consequentialism
Who are the most famous utilitarian philosophers?
Immanuel Kant
John Stuart Mills
John Paul Sartre
Jeremy Bentham
The principle that you should only act on that which you are comfortable being a universal law is called the (a) .
Which ethical problem best illustrates inconsistencies in utilitarian thought?
The Pleasure Machine
The Allegory of the Cave
The Trolley Problem
Case Studies
Who is the most popular deontological philosopher?
Immanuel Kant
Jeremy Bentham
John Stuart Mills
Aristotle
Making a decision with no reference to what is going on in the world is known as using (a) .
Explain why individual moral relativism (subjectivism) is considered self-defeating.
Because it leads to contradictory standards when every individual can decide their own morals, undermining the concept of universal truth.
Because it universally validates all moral opinions without contradiction.
Because it provides a robust framework for resolving ethical dilemmas.
Because it establishes clear and consistent moral guidelines for all individuals.
Explain the concept of 'Relative to...' in the context of moral relativism.
It signifies that moral principles can vary based on different cultural and individual contexts.
It signifies that moral principles are set in stone and remain constant regardless of context.
It signifies that moral values are determined solely by religious texts.
It signifies that moral doctrines are universally accepted as correct.
Who is the famous ancient Greek philosopher who first argued that ethics and morals are more about becoming virtuous people?
Plato
Socrates
Aristotle
Pythagoras
What does Virtue Theory emphasize?
Following a set of rules
Individual character
Achieving success
Avoiding mistakes
What is the "Golden Mean" in virtue ethics?
The balance between two extremes
The pursuit of happiness
The avoidance of all vices
The adherence to societal norms
