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Astronomy Fall Semester Final Exam Review

Total questions: 208

Worksheet time: 3hrs 28mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Captures and magnifies light to make faraway objects seem closer.

a)

Telescope

b)

Compass

c)

Sextant

d)

Astrolabes

2.

What is this?

a)

Compass

b)

Astrolabe

c)

Telescope

d)

Sextant

3.

What is this?

a)

Compass

b)

Telescope

c)

Sextant

d)

Astrolabe

4.

Can be used for navigation, to tell time, and locate the sun and stars.

a)

Compass

b)

Astrolabe and Sextant

c)

Astrolabe and Compass

d)

Sextant

5.
An instrument that helps sailors find their latitude is a(n):
a)
Compass
b)
Astrolabe
c)
Caravel
d)
Lateen
6.
Which of the following helped explorers determine latitude from the position of the sun, moon, and stars?
a)
compass
b)
caravel
c)
astrolabe
7.
This invention used the sun, moon, planets, and stars to help explorers navigate on the open ocean.
a)
Compass
b)
Astrolabe
c)
Quadrant
d)
Telescope
8.
A piece of technology used by sailors that determined their latitude position.
a)
Astrolave
b)
Astrolabe
c)
Astrocave
d)
Astroship
9.

An imaginary dome of the sky onto which all celestial objects such as stars, moons and planets can be plotted.

a)

Sun

b)

Celestial Sphere

c)

Apparent Motion

d)

Real Motion

10.

How a celestial object seems to move.

a)

Real motion

b)

Rotation

c)

Revolution

d)

Apparent motion

11.

The highest point the Sun can be in the sky.

a)

Sunrise

b)

Sunset

c)

Solar noon

d)

Midnight

12.

Polaris will always be in this direction.

a)

North

b)

South

c)

East

d)

West

13.

An object's __________ will always point in the opposite direction of the Sun.

a)

Zenith

b)

Altitude

c)

Shadow

d)

Solstice

14.

An observer's shadow will be shortest when the Sun is at ________.

a)

Sunrise

b)

Sunset

c)

Midnight

d)

Solar noon

15.

An observer's shadow will be longest during which season?

a)

Summer

b)

Winter

c)

Fall

d)

Spring

16.

On ___________, the Sun will be directly overhead on solar noon during March 21 and September 21.

a)

Equinoxes

b)

Summer Solstice

c)

Winter Solstice

d)

Polaris

17.

On June 21st, the direct rays of the sun will be at ________.

a)

Tropic of Cancer

b)

Tropic of Capricorn

c)

Equator

d)

North Pole

18.

On March 21st, NYS will receive _________ hours of daylight.

a)

9

b)

15

c)

0

d)

12

19.

On which day will the Sun be out the longest in NYS?

a)

June 21

b)

March 21

c)

September 23

d)

December 21

20.

The apparent motion of the Sun will have it rising in the ______ and setting in the _______.

a)

north/south

b)

east/west

c)

west/east

d)

south/north

21.

What name is given to the array of constellations that the ecliptic plane passes through?

a)

Horoscopes

b)

Constellations

c)

Array of constellations

d)

Zodiac

22.

Polaris will always be in this direction.

a)

North

b)

South

c)

East

d)

West

23.

What is the Sun's path through the celestial sphere called?

a)

meridian

b)

declination

c)

ecliptic

d)

right ascension

24.

Which of the following correctly explains the plane of the ecliptic?

a)

The location on Earth where you can find all the constellations of the Zodiac

b)

The spot on the Equator where an observer can see all the stars over the course of a year

c)

A great circle on the celestial sphere representing the sun's apparent path during the year. It contains the constellations of the Zodiac.

d)

The projection of Earth's equator into Space

25.

Which statement correctly describes the rising and setting of the Sun？

a)

the Sun rises in the east and sets in the west

b)

the Sun rises in the west and sets in the east

c)

the Sun rises in the north and sets in the south

d)

the Sun rises in the west and sets in the north

26.

the sun, stars, and moon rise in the east and set in the west each day because

a)

the sun is revolving

b)

the earth is rotating

c)

the celestial sphere is revolving

d)

the ecliptic is rotating

27.

Match the following Constellations

a)
1.

Aquarius

b)
2.

Aries

c)
3.

Cancer

d)
4.

Capricorn

e)
5.

Gemini

28.

Match the following

a)
1.

Leo

b)
2.

Libra

c)
3.

Pisces

d)
4.

Sagittarius

e)
5.

Scorpius

29.

Match the following

a)
1.

Taurus

b)
2.

Virgo

c)
3.

Cassiopeia

d)
4.

Orion

e)
5.

Ursa Minor

30.

Match the following

a)
1.

Ursa Major

b)
2.

Ophiuchus

c)
3.

Draco

d)
4.

Cepheus

e)
5.

Sagittarius

31.

A refracting telescope uses _______ to focus light.

a)

Lenses

b)

Mirrors

c)

Lasers

d)

Water

32.

Reflecting telescopes use _______ to focus light.

a)

Lenses

b)

Glass

c)

Mirrors

d)

Lasers

33.

One reason that reflective telescopes are more commonly used in space technology is that

a)

they avoid the problem of chromatic aberration

b)

refractive lenses will not work in space because there is no air

c)

refractive lenses melt in space because they absorb energy

d)

they use mirrors, which produce perfect image

34.

An arrangement of stars as seen from Earth.

a)

constellation

b)

model

c)

star

d)

sun

35.

Something we observe to be similar over and over again.

a)

constellation

b)

data

c)

model

d)

pattern

36.

Earth’s revolution around the sun affects what we see in the sky at different times of day.

a)

True

b)

False

37.

Which explanation matches the reasoning why different constellations are visible from Earth during different seasons?

a)
Constellations change shape with the seasons.
b)
The visibility of constellations is affected by Earth's tilt alone.
c)
Different constellations are visible due to Earth's orbit around the Sun.
d)
Different constellations are visible due to the Moon's phases.
38.

Why are the constellations visible to earth when it is at position 7 different from the constellations visible from earth when it is at position 3?

a)
The constellations are the same regardless of Earth's position.
b)
Constellations are only visible at night, not affected by position.
c)
The constellations are different because Earth's position in its orbit changes the direction we look into space.
d)
The constellations change based on the season, not position.
39.

The diagram below represents our solar system. This system is best classified as....

a)

heliocentric, with the sun at the center

b)

heliocentric, with the earth at the center

c)

geocentric, with the sun at the center

d)

geocentric, with the earth at the center

40.

The longest day of the year occurs during the...

a)

Spring equinox

b)

Fall Equinox

c)

Winter Solstice

d)

Summer Solstice

41.

Which letter best corresponds to a Lunar Eclipse?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

42.

One which days does the length of daylight = length of the night?

a)

Summer Solstice

b)

Winter solstice

c)

Autumnal or Spring Equinox

d)

Halloween

43.

Which letter best corresponds to a Solar Eclipse?

a)

A

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

44.

When is the Sun closest to the Earth?

a)

Early July

b)

Early January

c)

Sept 21/22

d)

March 21/22

45.

What is the primary cause of seasons on the Earth?

a)

distance from the Sun

b)

Earth's rotation on the axis

c)

Earth's axial tilt

d)

Phases of the Moon

46.

Using the diagram, what kind of eclipse is represented?

a)

lunar

b)

annular

c)

solar

d)

partial

47.

The dark shadow part of an eclipse is called the ....

a)

penumbra

b)

ring of fire

c)

umbra

d)

inner halo

48.

The lightly shadowed part of an eclipse.

a)

penumbra

b)

light-umbra

c)

umbra

d)

ecliptic

49.

Which of the following best describes the field of Astronomy?

a)

Applying math and science to understand the universe

b)

The practice of studying objects in space to better understand them

c)

Applying myth and legend to understand how the stars influence human lives

d)

BOTH applying math and science and the practice of studying space

50.

Which of the following best describes Astrology?

a)

Applying math and science to understand the universe

b)

The practice of studying objects in space to better understand them

c)

Applying myth and legend to understand how the stars influence human lives

d)

BOTH applying math and science and the practice of studying space

51.

Which statement holds true about ancient astronomers (before 1500 AD)?

a)

Ancient astronomers could accurately track the movement of stars and planets

b)

Ancient astronomers lacked the modern-day tools to study the heavens

c)

Ancient astronomers were a bunch of hacks that didn't understand science or reason

52.

Which of the following is the correct definition for the GEOCENTRIC model of the universe?

a)

Earth is the center of the universe

b)

Earth is the center of the solar system

c)

The Sun is the center of the universe

53.

Which of the following is the correct definition for the HELIOCENTRIC model of the solar system, as Copernicus described it?

a)

Earth is the center of the universe

b)

Earth is the center of the solar system

c)

The Sun is the center of the solar system

54.

Which of the following correctly describes Copernicus's contribution to modern Astronomy?

a)

He was one of the first to propose the geocentric model

b)

He developed a series of laws to describe the motion of planets

c)

He cataloged hundreds of stars and their movement

d)

He defied the Catholic Church and proposed the heliocentric model of the universe

55.

Which of the following correctly describes Kepler's contribution to modern Astronomy?

a)

He was one of the first to propose the geocentric model

b)

He developed a series of laws to correctly describe the motion of planets

c)

He cataloged hundreds of stars and their movement

d)

He defied the Catholic Church and proposed the heliocentric model of the universe

56.

Choose 2. Which of the following reasons is why Astronomers still study constellations today?

a)

Constellations can be used as a form of navigation

b)

Constellations help mark the location of deep space objects

c)

Constellations help scientists to tell Greek myths

d)

Constellations can be used to draw pictures in the night sky

57.

What is a zodiac and why is it significant?

a)

It is a group of constellations near the path the Sun takes

b)

It is a group of mythical monsters

c)

They define your major life events

58.

What is the presumed purpose of Stonehenge

a)

To see when there will be an alien invasion

b)

To determine your location on Earth

c)

To measure the position of the stars

d)

To tell people the season of the year

59.

There have been many different types of calendars created throughout history. What have almost all of them had in common?

a)

They have the same number of days in a week

b)

They all have the same names for months

c)

They all rely on the movements of the Earth, Moon, and/or Sun

d)

They all rely on the tidal patterns of the ocean

60.

Historically, what is the most main reason all people have observed and charted things in space?

a)

To predict solar eclipses

b)

For farming purposes

c)

To worship their gods

d)

To tell stories about the stars

61.

What is the primary function of a sundial?

a)

To tell time using the stars

b)

To measure the phases of the moon

c)

To tell time based on the position of the sun

d)

To track the position of the planets

62.

Which of the following is a key limitation of sundials?

a)

They cannot work during daylight hours

b)

They are accurate only on cloudy days

c)

They do not work at night or when the sky is overcast

d)

They can only measure time in minutes

63.
What is in the center of the Heliocentric Model?
a)
Sun
b)
Comet 
c)
Jupiter
d)
Earth
64.
This person believed that planets move on small circles that move on larger circles
a)
Ptolemy
b)
Copernicus
c)
Galileo
d)
Aristotle
65.
This person developed the heliocentric theory and was considered the founder of modern astronomy.
a)
Aristotle
b)
Copernicus
c)
Ptolemy
d)
Galileo
66.
What shape is an ellipse?  
a)
An oval shape
b)
A round shape
c)
A circle shape 
d)
Sun, moon and Earth lined up shape
67.
This astronomer discovered that the orbit of each planet is an ellipse, or an oval shape, and not perfectly circular.
a)
Aristotole
b)
Copernicus
c)
Kepler
d)
Newton
68.
His model of the Earth-centered universe was the cornerstone of astronomy for 1,500 years
a)
Claudius Ptolemy
b)
Nicolaus Copernicus
c)
Charles Messier
d)
Galileo Galilei
69.

What did Johannes Kepler contribute to astronomy/physics?

a)
Developing the theory of relativity
b)
Formulating the three laws of planetary motion
c)
Discovering the law of gravity
d)
Inventing the telescope
70.

What is the biggest difference between the Geocentric Model and the Heliocentric Model?

a)

the shape of the planets' orbits

b)

the movement of the moon

c)

the center of the solar system

71.

What is the name of this model?

a)

Heliocentric Model

b)

Kepler Model

c)

Galileo Model

d)

Geocentric Model

72.

What is the name of this model?

a)

Heliocentric Model

b)

Geocentric Model

c)

Circle Model

d)

Aristotle Model

73.

What is at the middle of a Heliocentric system?

a)

Mars

b)

Moon

c)

Sun

d)

Earth

74.

What is at the middle of a Geocentric system?

a)

Sun

b)

Neptune

c)

Earth

d)

The Universe

75.

What does the word "Helio" mean?

a)

Earth

b)

Mars

c)

Sun

d)

Juputer

76.

What does the word "Geo" mean?

a)

Sun

b)

Earth

c)

Milky way

d)

Back

77.

Which constellation is the Big Dipper asterism located within?

(a)  

78.
Which astronomer of antiquity first applied a telescope to astronomical observation?
a)
Ptolemy
b)
Galileo Galilei
c)
Tycho Brahe
d)
Copernicus
79.
Tycho Brahe's biggest contribution to astronomy was...?
a)
Accurate Observations of the stars and planets
b)
His telescopic observations
c)
Heliocentric Universe
d)
His Silver Nose
80.
Astronomer Johannes Kepler...
a)
Published Almagest
b)
Invented the first Radio Telescope
c)
Suggested elliptical orbits for the planets
d)
Was made head astronomer for the Church
81.

Select the correct order of waves on the Electromagnetic Spectrum

a)

Radio, Microwave, Infrared, Visible, Ultraviolet, X-ray, Gamma ray

b)

Gamma ray, X-ray, Ultraviolet, Visible, Infrared, Microwave, Radio

c)

Visible, Microwave, Infrared, Ultraviolet, X-ray, Gamma ray, Radio

d)

Microwave, Radio, Visible, Infrared, Ultraviolet, X-ray, Gamma ray

82.
What does Kepler's 1st Law state? 
a)
all planets move in elliptical shaped orbits around the sun
b)
all ellipses have foci
c)
not all ellipses have the same eccentricity
d)
the sun is located at one of the foci
83.

Why may have ancient cultures studied astronomy?

a)

For timekeeping purposes

b)

For timing agriculture (planting and harvesting)

c)

For astrology or religion

d)

For historical record keeping

84.

Astrology can be defined as

a)

the idea that the positions of the stars and planets at the time of our birth determine our personalities and influence our future.

b)

the scientific study of celestial objects such as planets, moons and stars.

c)

the scientific study of astrological phenomena such as the Big Bang Theory.

d)

the observation of the heavens using telescopes and other instruments.

85.

A collection of ideas and beliefs that sound like science but not supported by evidence, such as astrology, is known as...

a)

Pseudoscience

b)

Fact

c)

Theory

d)

Law

86.

Fill in the blank:

The Scientific Revolution happened ___________ the Renaissance.

a)

before

b)

during

c)

after

87.

The scientific method is a procedure for...

a)

following teachings of Aristotle

b)

navigation and discovery

c)

creating new inventions

d)

gathering and testing ideas

88.

Which moon phase is shown?

a)

Waxing Crescent

b)

Waning Gibbous

c)

Full Moon

d)

First Quarter

89.

Which moon phase is shown?

a)

New Moon

b)

First Quarter

c)

Waning Gibbous

d)

Waning Crescent

90.

Which moon phase is shown?

a)

First Quarter

b)

Waxing Crescent

c)

Full Moon

d)

Waning Crescent

91.

Which moon phase is shown?

a)

New Moon

b)

Third or Last Quarter

c)

Waxing Gibbous

d)

Full Moon

92.

Which moon phase is shown?

a)

First Quarter

b)

New Moon

c)

Waning Crescent

d)

Waxing Crescent

93.

Which moon phase is shown?

a)

Waxing Gibbous

b)

Waxing Crescent

c)

New Moon

d)

Third or Last Quarter

94.

Which moon phase is shown?

a)

Waxing Crescent

b)

Waning Crescent

c)

Waning Gibbous

d)

Waxing Gibbous

95.

Which moon phase is shown?

a)

Third or Last Quarter

b)

First Quarter

c)

New Moon

d)

Waxing Crescent

96.

When the moon is waning it is __________________.

a)

Growing, or getting bigger

b)

Shrinking, or getting smaller

97.

When the moon is waxing it is ____________________.

a)

Growing or getting bigger

b)

Shrinking or getting smaller

98.
During the phases of the Moon, the Moon appears to change shape.  This change in appearance is due to the Moon...
a)
physically changing size and shape.
b)
moving closer and then farther away from Earth.
c)
reflecting a different amount of light due to alignment with Earth and the Sun.
d)
having craters on its surface.
99.

How many Earth days are in a lunar month?

a)

27.5 days

b)

30 days

c)

28 days

d)

29.5 days

100.

Which term is used to describe the phase of the moon in which the visible surface of the moon is completely illuminated?  

a)

new moon

b)

full moon

c)

waning crescent

d)

waxing gibbous

101.

When the moon passes into the shadow that is being cast by the Earth, a

(a)   occurs.

Choose from the below words
lunar eclipse
solar eclipse
partial eclipse
new moon
high tide
lunar month
102.

When the Moon passes directly in front of the Sun from your position on Earth, a ​ (a)   happens.

Choose from the below words
solar eclipse
lunar eclipse
new moon
full moon
low tide
partial eclipse
103.

If a celestial body like a planet or a moon is covered completely from receiving the Sun’s light, and the body is perfectly in line with the Sun, a ​ (a)   occurs.

Choose from the below words
total eclipse
partial eclipse
solar eclipse
lunar eclipse
new moon
104.

Generally, any beach location will have ​ (a)   each day.​

Choose from the below words
2 high tides and 2 low tides
1 high tide and 1 low tide
1 high tide
1 low tide
1 high tide and 2 low tides
105.

Tides are caused by...

a)

the rotation of the Earth

b)

the orbit of the Moon

c)

the gravitational pull of the Sun and Moon

d)

wind currents

106.

When do Spring Tides occur?

a)

During the new moon and full moons

b)

During the crescent moons

c)

During the Spring

d)

During the gibbous moons

107.

What moon phase comes after this?

a)
b)
c)
d)
108.
How much time passes between Position "a" and Position "g"
a)

One Day

b)

One Week

c)

Two Weeks

d)

One Month

109.
If there was a New Moon on December 30, approximately when would we have our next Full moon?
a)
January 14
b)
January 6
c)
January 30
d)
February 30
110.
If there was a New Moon on December 30, approximately when would we have our next 1st quarter moon?
a)
January 14
b)
January 6
c)
January 30
d)
February 30
111.
Which lunar phase is visible when the moon is in this position?
a)
New moon
b)
Full moon
112.
Which moon phase is shown in this diagram?
a)
new moon
b)
first quarter
c)
full moon
d)
last quarter/3rd quarter
113.

Use the calendar to predict the moon phase on March 30th.

a)

New Moon

b)

Full Moon

c)

Third Quarter

d)

First Quarter

114.

Which tide would be the highest and lowest?

a)

Tide 1 would be highest

b)

Tide 1 would be lowest

c)

Tide 2 would be lowest

d)

Tide 2 would be highest

115.

What phase is number 4?

a)

Waning crescent

b)

Waning gibbous

c)

Waxing crescent

d)

Waxing gibbous

116.
If the last full moon was on April 4th, when can you expect to see the next full moon? 
a)
April 29th
b)
July 4th
c)
May 4th
d)
September 12th
117.

What kind of eclipse is created when the moon blocks the sun casting a shadow on the earth?

a)

Lunar

b)

Geo

c)

Solar

d)

Annual

118.

Why don’t we have a solar eclipse every new moon?

a)

The Earth is too big

b)

The moon is too small

c)

The moon’s orbit is tilted 5 degrees in respect to the earth

d)

The moon only orbits the earth 2 -5 times a year

119.

Shadow when the sun is partially blocked

a)

umbra

b)

penumbra

c)

overshadow

d)

undershadow

120.

Shadow when the sun is totally blocked

a)

overshadow

b)

ultishadow

c)

penumbra

d)

umbra

121.
a)

Solar eclipse

b)

Lunar eclipse

c)

Transit eclipse

d)

Earth eclipse

122.
a)

Astral eclipse

b)

Lunar eclipse

c)

Solar eclipse

d)

medial eclipse

123.

Which tide would be caused by the positions of the sun and moon in the picture?

a)

High Tide

b)

Low Tide

c)

Spring Tide

d)

Neap Tide

124.

Which tide would be caused by the positions of the sun and moon in the picture?

a)

High Tide

b)

Low Tide

c)

Spring Tide

d)

Neap Tide

125.

Which tide results in the LARGEST movement of water?

a)

Spring Tide

b)

Neap Tide

c)

Rip TIde

d)

Ebb Tide

126.

Which of the following has the GREATEST gravitational effect on the tides?

a)

Earth

b)

Moon

c)

Sun

127.

Which of the following has the LEAST gravitational effect on the tides?

a)

Earth

b)

Moon

c)

Sun

128.

What causes the high tide area that is opposite the moon?

a)

the centrifugal force of the earth

b)

the moon

c)

the sun

d)

high wind speeds

129.

The sun influences the tides just as much as the moon.

a)

True

b)

False

130.

Spring tides are when the sun and moon are lined up and working together.

a)

True

b)

False

131.

Which response best explains changing tides on Earth:

a)

The Moon circles the Earth and creates a bulge as it sweeps around. The bulge is high tide.

b)

The Earth rotates and different regions are pulled into the bulge created by the Moon's gravitational pull.

c)

The periodic earthquakes from the mid-ocean ridge send micro-tsunami twice per day to coastlines around the world.

d)

Powerful thunderstorms form twice a day in the middle of the oceans, these send powerful waves to coastlines.

132.
Why do we experience the changing of the season on the earth?
a)
distance from the sun
b)
rotation of the earth
c)
change in solar output
d)
tilt of the earth's axix
133.
What does the rotation of the earth cause us to experience?
a)
seasons
b)
year
c)
day & night
d)
eclipse
134.
When is the winter solstice?
a)
December
b)
June
c)
March
d)
September
135.
The Earth's axis is tilted _____ degrees.
a)
23.5
b)
25.3
c)
30.2
d)
24
136.
At position A, which hemisphere would have summer?
a)
Northern hemisphere
b)
Southern hemisphere
137.
What happens when the area in which you live tilts away from the sun?
a)
It is summer.
b)
It is spring.
c)
It is winter.
d)
It is fall.
138.
If its ____ in the Northern hemisphere, then its summer in the Southern hemisphere. 
a)
spring
b)
summer
c)
fall
d)
winter
139.

The REVOLUTION around the Sun and the TILT on the Earth's axis cause what?

a)

Seasons

b)

Rain

c)

Tidal Waves

d)

Moon Phases.

140.
What effect does the tilt of the earth have?
a)
It changes the angle that the sun strikes the earth in different land areas
b)
It causes the earth to be farther away from the sun at different times of the year
c)
When the earth is tilted away from the sun we have night
d)
When the earth is tilted away from the sun we have day
141.
Which of the following best describes the tilt of the earth when it is summer in the southern hemisphere?
a)
The northern hemisphere is tilted toward the sun
b)
The northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun
c)
The norther hemisphere is tilted neither toward or away from the sun
d)
Why are you talking about the northern hemisphere when you asked about the southern hemisphere?
142.

Which part of the Earth is receiving the most direct Sunlight?

a)

Northern Hemisphere

b)

Southern Hemisphere

c)

Polar Hemisphere

d)

MidAtlantic Hemisphere

143.

What two factors determine the apparent path of the sun?

a)

season and longitude

b)

date and longitude

c)

season and latitude

d)

rotation and revolution

144.

How many hours of daylight does the equator get when the Earth is tilted towards the sun?

a)

24

b)

0

c)

12

d)

16

145.

On this day, which location has the greatest number of hours of daylight?

a)

E

b)

B

c)

C

d)

D

146.

Which color has the longest waves?

a)

red

b)

orange

c)

yellow

d)

green

147.

Which color has the shortest wavelengths?

a)

yellow

b)

green

c)

blue

d)

violet

148.

The portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that humans can see is called:

a)

radio waves

b)

visible light

c)

gamma rays

d)

x-rays

149.
Put the visible light colors in order from longest wavelength to shortest wavelength
a)
Violet, Blue, Green, Orange, Yellow, Red
b)
Red, Yellow, Green, Orange, Violet, Blue
c)
Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Violet
d)
Blue, Violet, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red
150.

Light is a kind of....

a)

matter

b)

heat

c)

reflection

d)

energy

151.

Light is considered to be

a)

all of the above

b)

particles

c)

electromagnetic waves

d)

transverse waves

152.

Which degree of latitude receives the GREATEST INTENSITY of Insolation based on the Season Shown?

a)

0 °

b)

23.5 °N

c)

23.5 °S

d)

90 °S

153.

At which degree of latitude are perpendicular sun rays striking Earth in the diagram?

a)

Equator

b)

Tropic of Cancer

c)

North Pole

d)

Tropic of Capricorn

154.

The degree to which a planet's axis is slanted

a)

phase

b)

orbit

c)

tilt

d)

revolve

155.

What would happen on Earth if there was not an axial tilt?

a)

The Earth would make more revolutions.

b)

There would be no seasons.

c)

The Earth would rotate on a faster pace.

d)

There would be more seasons.

156.

If Earth's axial tilt were to increase to 30 degrees, what would be the likely impact on seasonal variations?

a)

Seasons would become less distinct with milder temperature changes.

b)

Seasons would become more distinct with more extreme temperature changes.

c)

There would be no impact on seasonal variations.

d)

Seasons would occur more frequently with shorter durations.

157.

Which EM waves have the longest wavelength?

a)

radio

b)

x-rays

c)

ultraviolet

d)

gamma rays

158.

Which EM waves have the shortest wavelength?

a)

radio

b)

x-rays

c)

ultraviolet

d)

gamma rays

159.

Which EM waves are invisible? (more than one correct answer)

a)

radio

b)

visible

c)

ultraviolet

d)

gamma rays

160.

Which electromagnetic waves are used in devices such as heat lamps & TV remote controls?

a)

Ultraviolet Rays

b)

Microwaves

c)

Infrared Rays

d)

Gamma Rays

161.

What type of wave is associated with TV and DVD remotes?

a)

Radio

b)

Microwaves

c)

Infrared

d)

Light

e)

UV

162.

What type of wave is associated with TV satellite dishes?

a)

Radio

b)

Microwaves

c)

Infrared

d)

Light

e)

UV

163.

Spectra can be used to determine the composition of stars and planets. What form of light is used for spectra analysis?

Los espectros se pueden utilizar para determinar la composición de estrellas y planetas. ¿Qué forma de luz se utiliza para el análisis de espectros?

a)

Radio Waves

b)

Microwaves

c)

Infrared Waves

d)

Visible Light

164.

This type of EM wave was used to create this image of the planet Mercury.

Este tipo de onda EM se utilizó para crear esta imagen del planeta Mercurio.

a)

Radio Waves

b)

Microwaves

c)

Infrared Waves

d)

Visible Light

165.

This type of EM wave is used to study energetic bursts from pulsars, black holes, and high energy galaxies.

Este tipo de onda EM se utiliza para estudiar estallidos energéticos de púlsares, agujeros negros y galaxias de alta energía.

a)

Ultraviolet

b)

X-rays

c)

Gamma rays

166.

This type of EM wave is used to look back in time when the universe was only 3 billion years old.

Este tipo de onda EM se usa para mirar atrás en el tiempo cuando el universo tenía solo 3 mil millones de años.

a)

Ultraviolet

b)

X-rays

c)

Gamma rays

167.

This type of EM wave is used to study areas interstellar gas near black holes, neutron stars, and colliding galaxies.

Este tipo de onda EM se utiliza para estudiar áreas de gas interestelar cercanas a agujeros negros, estrellas de neutrones y galaxias en colisión.

a)

Ultraviolet

b)

X-rays

c)

Gamma rays

168.

A refracting telescope uses _______ to focus light.

a)

Lenses

b)

Mirrors

c)

Lasers

d)

Water

169.

Reflecting telescopes use _______ to focus light.

a)

Lenses

b)

Flat mirrors

c)

Curved Mirrors

d)

A lens and lasers

170.

What are some disadvantages refracting telescopes?

a)

expensive

b)

large lens can be deformed by its own weight.

c)

flaws in glass

d)

chromatic aberration

171.

What do Earth telescopes suffer from that space telescopes don't?

a)

ground based technology

b)

infrared waves

c)

atmospheric turbulence

d)

birds

172.

What types of telescopes have to be placed in space? (Choose all that apply)

a)

X-ray Telescopes

b)

Gamma ray Telescopes

c)

Optical Telescopes

d)

Radio Telescopes

173.
Why are many large optical telescopes located on mountains?
a)
to be closer to the stars
b)
to be above part of the atmosphere
c)
because it is easier to build telescopes on mountains
d)
to be closer to city lights
174.

Why must Ultra-Violet observing be done in space?

a)

The ozone blocks most of the UV rays in the surface.

b)

It’s hard to know exactly where the ozone hole will be to find UV images

c)

It’s hard to use UV telescopes and radio telescopes together on the surface.

d)

So that the astronomers using it won't get a sunburn.

175.
What is the MAJOR problem with trying to see stars in or near a city?
a)
Not as many people with telescopes
b)
Light pollution
c)
Clouds
d)
The stars are too far away.
176.

One of the issues created by the air surrounding us is:

a)

Interferometry

b)

Reflection

c)

Interference

d)

Atmospheric blurring

177.

What are some of the characteristics of a good location for building a telescope?

a)

Calm air

b)

Clear skies (few clouds for most of the year)

c)

Dark skies (far from cities)

d)

Dry

178.

When sunlight is split by a prism or diffraction grating it appears to emit a ___ spectra.

a)

absorption

b)

dark-line

c)

continuous

d)

bright-line

179.

The analysis of the way matter emits and absorbs radiation is called ___.

a)

astronomy

b)

chemistry

c)

spectroscopy

d)

atomic theory

180.
Put the visible light colors in order from longest wavelength to shortest wavelength
a)
Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Orange, Yellow, Red
b)
Red, Yellow, Green, Orange, Violet, Blue, Indigo
c)
Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet
181.

Define spectroscopy

a)

a device used to measure spectra

b)

the study of spectra

c)

breaking light into wavelength components

d)

formed from a hot luminous object.

182.

Define spectrum

a)

a device used to measure spectra

b)

the study of spectra

c)

breaking light into wavelength components

d)

formed from a hot luminous object.

183.

Very hot objects appear __________ in color.

a)

red

b)

green

c)

white

d)

blue

184.

Very cool objects appear __________ in color.

a)

red

b)

green

c)

white

d)

blue

185.

What is the primary characteristic of a black body in terms of radiation?

a)

It reflects all incoming radiation

b)

It absorbs all incoming radiation

c)

It only emits infrared radiation

d)

It only absorbs ultraviolet radiation

186.

What does the light-gathering power of a telescope primarily affect?

a)

The ability to observe during daytime

b)

The telescope's resistance to atmospheric interference

c)

The ability to observe faint and distant objects

d)

The telescope's magnification power

187.

Which of the following best describes the relationship between a telescope's size and its light-gathering power?

a)

Smaller telescopes gather more light

b)

Telescope size has no impact on light-gathering power

c)

Larger telescopes gather more light

d)

Only space-based telescopes have significant light-gathering power

188.

Which telescope would be the best?

a)

A telescope with a 2-inch mirror.

b)

A telescope with a 10-inch mirror.

c)

A telescope with a 20-inch mirror.

d)

A telescope with a 40-inch mirror.

189.

What advantage do space telescopes have over telescopes used on Earth?

a)

They are much cheaper to build

b)

They are not affected by Earth's atmosphere & weather

c)

They do not use lenses or mirrors to gather light

d)

They last longer

190.

Modern telescopes are reflecting because: (Choose all that apply)

a)

Lenses are difficult to manufacture

b)

Lenses are heavy and fragile

c)

lenses absorb light that passes through them

d)

Lenses require only 1 perfect surface

191.
Both reflecting and refracting telescopes are designed to
a)
break visible light into colors of the spectrum.
b)
separate visible light from ultraviolet and radio waves.
c)
gather and focus visible light.
d)
work better with short-wavelength radiation.
192.
Reflecting telescopes differ from refracting telescopes in having
a)
no eyepiece lens.
b)
two large objective lenses.
c)
a mirror instead of an objective lens.
d)
one large objective lens.
193.
A ______ telescope uses a mirror to focus light onto a small area.
a)
reflecting
b)
refracting
c)
radio
d)
spectrum
194.
A ______ telescope uses a glass to focus light. 
a)
reflecting
b)
refracting
c)
radio
d)
spectrum
195.

What are disadvantages of refracting telescopes (choose all)

a)

images are wrong color

b)

images are more blurry

c)

gravity can distort the lens

d)

images may be too big

196.
What does Refracting Telescope have?
a)
Sand
b)
Mirrors
c)
Lens
d)
Batmobile 
197.
In general the bigger the telescope's objective the better your _____
a)
resolution
b)
magnification
c)
attitude
d)
orientation
198.

What is parallax?

a)

the average distance between a celestial object and Earth

b)

the angle formed by Earth and two celestial bodies located in different directions from Earth

c)

the apparent difference in the position of an object when viewed at the same time each year

d)

the apparent difference in the position of an object when viewed from different lines of sight

199.

A light-year is a measure of

a)

time

b)

distance

c)

speed

d)

velocity

200.

Which of the following best describes the difference between two different units of distance in space?

a)

An AU is useful for measuring distances within the solar system; a light-year is useful for measuring distances beyond the solar system.

b)

An AU is calculated by dividing kilometers by 150 million; a light-year is calculated by determining how long it takes an object to travel 150 million AUs.

c)

An AU is useful for measuring objects fewer than 300 light-years from Earth; a parsec is useful for measuring objects more than 300 light-years from Earth.

d)

An AU equals the distance between Earth and the Sun; a parsec equals the angle between an object’s apparent positions when viewed from two different locations.

201.

Parallax is used to determine a star’s

a)

distance from Earth.

b)

brightness.

202.

During a stargazing night, Liam, Arjun, and Grace were discussing how parallax is used in astronomy. Can you help them understand its application?

a)

Parallax is used to study the composition of planets.

b)

Parallax is used to measure the distance to nearby stars.

203.

Which statement best describes "stellar parallax" when measuring star distance?

a)

as a term used for "parsec"

b)

as another term used for "light year"

c)

the geometric term for stellar angles

d)

the apparent shifting of a star's position over a year

204.

Most effective way to measure distances in the Solar System

a)

Radar

b)

Parallax

c)

Main-Sequence Fitting (HR diagram)

d)

Cepheid variable stars

e)

Type 2a (white dwarf) supernovae

205.

Most effective way to measure distances to nearby stars

a)

Radar

b)

Parallax

c)

Main-Sequence Fitting (HR diagram)

d)

Cepheid variable stars

e)

Type 2a (white dwarf) supernovae

206.

Parallax works because

a)

closer stars appear to move more when compared to distant background stars

b)

farther stars appear to move more when compared to distant background stars

c)

stars are variable in brightness

d)

the moon passes through the Earth's shadow

207.

If an object is 7.4 light years away from Earth, what does this tell you?

a)

It would take 7.4 minutes for the light to get to Earth.

b)

Traveling at the speed of light it takes 7.4 yrs to get to the earth.

c)

The object is very close to Earth.

d)

It would take 7.4 seconds for the light to get to earth.

208.
Proxima Centauri is the closest star to Earth after the Sun and is located 4.3 light years away from Earth. How long does it take light from Proxima Centauri to reach Earth?
a)
1 year
b)
4.3 years
c)
43 years
d)
10 trillion years

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