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Anatomy and Physiology Winter Final Exam

Total questions: 50

Worksheet time: 35mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

The largest organ of the human body is the:

(a)  

2.

Which organelle is responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP in a cell?

a)

Nucleus

b)

Mitochondrion

c)

Ribosome

d)

Lysosome

3.

What is the basic structural and functional unit of life?

a)

Tissue

b)

Organ

c)

Cell

d)

Organ system

4.

Which type of tissue lines the surfaces of organs and structures throughout the body?

a)

Connective tissue

b)

Muscle tissue

c)

Epithelial tissue

d)

Nervous tissue

5.

Which layer of the skin contains melanocytes?

a)

Epidermis

b)

Dermis

c)

Hypodermis

d)

Subcutaneous layer

6.

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?

a)

Support

b)

Blood cell production

c)

Hormone secretion

d)

Mineral storage

7.
Question Image

Match the following NAMES to the Letters of each bone

a)

A

1.

Cranium

b)

B

2.

Vertebra

c)

C

3.

Humerus

d)

D

4.

Carpals

e)

E

5.

Metacarpals

8.
Which layer of skin is "A" referring to?
a)
Epidermis
b)
Dermis
c)
Hypodermis
d)
Melanin
9.

Which type of muscle is under voluntary control?

a)

Cardiac muscle

b)

Smooth muscle

c)

Skeletal muscle

d)

Visceral muscle

10.

Which bone is classified as a long bone?

a)

Femur

b)

Sternum

c)

Vertebra

d)

Patella

11.

Which of the following is a function of the integumentary system?

a)

Producing hormones

b)

Protecting against pathogens

c)

Pumping blood

d)

Filtering waste

12.

Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane?

a)

Synthesizes proteins

b)

Controls movement of substances in and out of the cell

c)

Stores genetic information

d)

Produces energy

13.

Match the following epithelial tissue types with their primary function: 1. Simple squamous 2. Stratified squamous 3. Transitional

a)

1-Protection, 2-Absorption, 3-Stretching

b)

1-Diffusion, 2-Protection, 3-Stretching

c)

1-Secretion, 2-Absorption, 3-Protection

d)

1-Absorption, 2-Secretion, 3-Protection

14.

Which process best explains how oxygen moves from the alveoli into the blood?

a)

Active transport

b)

Diffusion

c)

Filtration

d)

Osmosis

15.

Label the bones in the picture. Not all will be used.

a)

Tarsals

b)

Sacrum

c)

Femur

d)

Fibula

e)

Tibia

f)

Patella

1
2
3
4
1)
2)
3)
4)
16.

Which bone type is primarily responsible for protecting internal organs?

a)

Long bones

b)

Short bones

c)

Flat bones

d)

Irregular bones

17.

Which mechanism is responsible for the sliding of actin and myosin filaments during muscle contraction?

a)

Sodium-potassium pump

b)

Sliding filament theory

c)

All-or-none law

d)

Cross-bridge inhibition

18.

Which neurotransmitter is most associated with the regulation of mood and sleep?

a)

Serotonin

b)

Acetylcholine

c)

Dopamine

d)

GABA

19.

Which skin layer is primarily responsible for thermoregulation and contains sweat glands?

a)

Epidermis

b)

Dermis

c)

Hypodermis

d)

Stratum corneum

20.

The outside layer of the skin structure is the epidermis

a)

true

b)

false

21.

A patient has a mutation that prevents the production of collagen. Which tissue would be most affected?

a)

Epithelial tissue

b)

Connective tissue

c)

Muscle tissue

d)

Nervous tissue

22.

Identify structure 11.

a)

sweat gland

b)

dermis

c)

hair follicle

d)

nerve ending

23.

A person suffers a deep cut that damages the dermis but not the hypodermis. Which structures are most likely to be affected?

a)

Hair follicles and sweat glands

b)

Adipose tissue and blood vessels

c)

Melanocytes and keratinocytes

d)

Bone and cartilage

24.

If the parathyroid glands are removed, what is the most likely effect on bone tissue?

a)

Increased bone density

b)

Decreased bone resorption

c)

Increased risk of fractures due to low blood calcium

d)

Enhanced bone growth

25.

A person has a genetic disorder that causes the skin to lack melanin. Which of the following is a likely consequence?

a)

Increased risk of dehydration

b)

Increased susceptibility to UV damage

c)

Decreased sweating

d)

Thicker epidermis

26.

A drug blocks the reuptake of dopamine in the brain. What is the expected effect on neurotransmission?

a)

Decreased dopamine levels in the synaptic cleft

b)

Increased dopamine activity at synapses

c)

No change in neurotransmission

d)

Decreased serotonin release

27.

A patient with osteoporosis has bones that break easily. Which bone tissue is most likely deficient?

a)

Compact bone

b)

Spongy bone

c)

Cartilage

d)

Periosteum

28.

If a person’s sweat glands are blocked, which homeostatic process would be most directly affected?

a)

Blood sugar regulation

b)

Thermoregulation

c)

Oxygen transport

d)

Immune response

29.

Place the label on the correct bone

a)Tibia
b)Fibia
c)Patella
d)Femur
e)Ulna
f)Radius
g)Cranium
h)Clavicle
i)Ribs
j)Pelvis
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10)
30.

A mutation causes sodium channels in neurons to remain open. What is the most likely effect on nerve function?

a)

Neurons will not fire action potentials

b)

Neurons will be unable to repolarize

c)

Neurotransmitter release will stop

d)

Myelin sheaths will degrade

31.

A person has a burn that destroys the epidermis and part of the dermis. Which of the following symptoms is most likely?

a)

Loss of sensation and blistering

b)

Increased hair growth

c)

Enhanced immune response

d)

Decreased blood flow to the area

32.

Ch 34: The adult human skeleton contains about ​ (a)   bones. It can be divided into two main parts. The ​ (b)   includes the skull, backone, and ribs. The ​ (c)   includes the bones of the arms and legs.

Choose from the below words
206
axial skeleton
appendicular skeleton
305
33.

If both parents carry a recessive gene for a genetic disorder, the chances their child will inherit the disorder are (a)  

Choose from the below words

25%

50%

75%

100%

34.

A patient is given a drug that inhibits the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. What is the expected effect on muscle contraction?

a)

Muscle contraction will be prolonged

b)

Muscle contraction will be inhibited

c)

No effect on muscle contraction

d)

Muscle contraction will be weaker

35.
To what layer of skin is letter "B" pointing?
a)
Epidermis
b)
Dermis
c)
Hypodermis
d)
Melanin
36.
Melanin:
a)
Helps protect skin from UV radiation
b)
Is found in almost every human being
c)
Is responsible for skin color
d)
All of the above
37.

Which one is not part of the skin:

a)

hair erector muscles

b)

receptors

c)

cilia

d)

blood vessels

38.

Mark the correct position of the diaphysis and one of the epiphysis

A
B
C
39.

Match the following structure to the correct description.

a)
Simple
1.

Single layer of cells

b)
Stratified
2.

Multiple layers of cells

c)
Transitional
3.

Changes shape when stretched

d)
Pseudo-stratified
4.

Cells appear layered but are not

40.
These muscles are attached to your bones
a)
Skeletal
b)
Smooth
c)
Rough
d)
Cardiac
41.
Which of the following is a type of muscle tissue.
a)
Blood
b)
Skin
c)
Cardic
d)
Bone
42.
What are the three types of muscles?
a)
smooth, skeletal, and stomach
b)
skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
c)
cardiac, skeletal, and brain
d)
skeletal, smooth, and lung
43.

Lable the muscle tissue types.

a)

Skeletal

b)

Cardiac

c)

Smooth

1
2
3
1)
2)
3)
44.
This part of the neuron stores then releases neurotransmitters into the synapse.
a)
Axon 
b)
Dendrite
c)
Myelin Sheath
d)
Axon Terminal
45.
Where are the sweat glands located?
a)
dermis
b)
epidermis 
c)
hypodermis
46.

what does the skin protect

a)

moisture

b)

face

c)

sun rays

d)

the cold

47.

What gives skin a reddish tint?

a)

Blood flow

b)

Carotene

c)

Melanin

d)

Keratin

48.

Which type of tissue is responsible for transmitting electrical impulses throughout the body?

a)

Connective tissue

b)

Muscle tissue

c)

Nervous tissue

d)

Epithelial tissue

49.

Which structure in the skin is primarily involved in temperature regulation?

a)

Hair follicles

b)

Adipose tissue

c)

Melanocytes

d)

Sweat glands

50.

Which of the following bones is classified as a short bone?

a)

Femur

b)

Carpal

c)

Scapula

d)

Humerus

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