WorksheetsEnvironmental Science Final Exam
Total questions: 55
Worksheet time: 32mins
A population with equal numbers at all ages likely has:
High fertility
Rapid growth
High mortality
Zero population growth
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert nitrogen into:
Glucose
Carbon dioxide
Nitrates or ammonia
Phosphate
An organism that produces its own food is classified as a:
Consumer
Decomposer
Autotroph
Heterotroph
Which human activity most directly causes land degradation?
Sustainable farming
Large-scale mining
Reading books
Using bicycles
Natural selection is best described as:
Organisms choosing traits
Random change only
All survive equally
Those with beneficial traits reproduce more
Fertilizer runoff into lakes from farms is an example of:
Thermal pollution
Point-source pollution
Nonpoint-source pollution
Indoor pollution
Correct order of biological organization from smallest to largest:
Organ → Cell → Tissue → System
Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ System
Ecosystem → Population → Organism
Biosphere → Community → Organism
Which ecological pyramid is always upright?
Numbers
Biomass
Trophic pyramid
Energy pyramid
Which best describes an invasive species?
Native endangered species
Large predator
Fast-spreading non-native organism
Island-only species
Resource partitioning allows species to:
Increase predation
Compete more
Become invasive
Coexist by dividing resources
Which nutrient cycle does NOT include an atmospheric component?
Water
Carbon
Phosphorus
Nitrogen
A J-shaped growth curve represents:
Population decline
Logistic growth
Carrying capacity
Exponential growth
Which of the following is one of the seven characteristics of life?
Reproduction
Not needing energy
Lack of organization
Inability to respond to stimuli
A Type I survivorship curve usually indicates:
High infant mortality
Constant death rate
Long lifespan with few offspring
Many offspring with few survivors
Clumped population distribution is most often caused by:
Even spacing
Human activity
Patchy resources
Random chance
Overshoot occurs when a population:
Migration stops
Birth rates drop suddenly
Death rates exceed births
Exceeds carrying capacity
A K-strategist typically has:
Many offspring with no care
Few offspring with high parental care
Short lifespan
Rapid reproduction
Darker beetles becoming more common on dark tree bark is best explained by:
Random mutation
Natural selection
Environmental choice
Artificial selection
An ecological footprint measures:
Pollution output
Organism count
Farmland only
Land and water needed to support a lifestyle
Only about 10% of energy is transferred to the next trophic level because most energy is lost as:
Nitrogen
Heat
Matter
Biomass
Mutualism is a relationship in which:
Both organisms benefit
Neither benefits
One benefits and one is harmed
Both compete
Thermal pollution in rivers is most commonly caused by:
Dam removal
Tree planting
Warm water discharge from power plants
Fertilizer runoff
A species that signals the health of an ecosystem is called a:
Keystone species
Indicator species
Endangered species
Invasive species
A species that has a disproportionately large effect on its ecosystem is called a:
Indicator species
Keystone species
Invasive species
Native species
Which biome has the greatest biodiversity?
Taiga
Tropical rainforest
Tundra
Desert
Direct harvesting is best described as:
Relocating animals
Capturing or killing organisms for human use
Planting trees
Protecting wildlife
Which action best represents sustainability?
Using more single-use plastics
Clear-cutting forests
Using renewable energy and energy-efficient homes
Ignoring recycling
Mushrooms belong to the kingdom Fungi because they:
Are single-celled
Photosynthesize
Move quickly
Absorb nutrients
Human population growth most increases pressure on:
Predation
Mutualism
Migration
Carrying capacity
Which factor is LEAST affected by population density?
Competition
Predation
Disease
Weather disasters
The maximum number of individuals that an environment can support is called:
Carrying capacity
Biotic potential
Ecological footprint
Mortality rate
Which of the following is a renewable energy source?
Coal
Wind
Petroleum
Natural gas
Which statement best describes the link between human population growth and resources?
Demand decreases
No relationship exists
Demand increases with population
Only affects poorer countries
Which relationship benefits one organism and has no effect on the other?
Predation
Mutualism
Parasitism
Commensalism
Which factor most increases a country's ecological footprint?
Low energy use
Strict conservation laws
High fossil fuel use and consumption
Small population
Deforestation directly affects biodiversity by:
Increasing habitats
Creating new species
Destroying habitats
Having no effect
Which growth model forms an S-curve?
Exponential
Predatory
Transitional
Logistic
A tick feeding on a deer is an example of:
Predation
Commensalism
Parasitism
Mutualism
Interspecific competition occurs between:
Predator and prey
Members of the same species
Two different species
Producers and consumers
The number of individuals per unit area is called:
Dispersion
Density
Distribution
Age ratio
Human population growth affects natural resources and ecosystems in several ways. Which of the following is an example of this impact?
Increased deforestation and water scarcity
Improved air quality and reduced waste
Decreased demand for food and energy
Expansion of wildlife habitats
Identify the type of population growth shown. Is it exponential or is it logistic?
Exponential growth
Logistic growth
Linear growth
Cyclic growth
Does the population growth reach carrying capacity? If so, approximately when is the carrying capacity reached?
Yes, the population reaches carrying capacity around year 10.
No, the population never reaches carrying capacity.
Yes, the population reaches carrying capacity around year 50.
Yes, the population reaches carrying capacity immediately.
What could have caused the population to stop increasing?
A decrease in birth rate
An increase in food supply
Improved healthcare
Higher immigration rates
Match the following
mutualism
+/+
commensalism
+/0
parasitism
+/-
competition
-/-
Aphids are insects that feed on plant sap, causing growth to slow, leaves to wilt, and in some cases, the death of the plant. Ladybugs, which also live on plants, feed on aphids.
Ladybugs and plants show a (a) relationship
In some coral reefs, a symbiotic relationship exists between pygmy seahorses and sea fans. The pygmy seahorse can wrap its tail around the branches of the sea fan. This allows the pygmy seahorse to be camouflaged within the sea fan, protecting it from predators. The pygmy seahorse does not harm or benefit the sea fan while it grasps the branches with its tail.
This symbiotic relationship is classified as (a) .
Oxpeckers are birds that land on zebras' and eat ticks that live on the zebras' skin. Ticks are insects that feed on the blood of animals. They can cause infection and spread disease.
Place the correct labels in the boxes to describe the relationship between each pair of organisms.
Mutualism
Parasitism
Predator-prey
Name the relationship between mistletoe and tree.
*Mistletoe is a herb that grows on trees.
*Mistletoe uses the water & nutrients of the tree on which it lives.
(a)
commensalism
predator-prey
parasite-host
mutualism
In the field of biology, (a) refers to the relationship between (b) different kinds of living things that live together and (c) on each other.
All the living things in an ecosystem are the (a) factos. The nonliving things are (b) .
In (a) , one species harms another species to benefit themselves. For example, a flea bites a dog to get (b) . This leaves the (c) with itchy bite marks.
(a) is a common type of symbiosis because all the species involved benefit. For example, a hummingbird drinks (b) from a flower, gaining food. The flower is (c) by the bird. Both species help each other.
Match the following.
plant eater
herbivore
meat eater
carnivore
break down dead organic matter
decomposer
consumes both plants & animals
omnivore
consumes dead organisms
scavanger
Match the following
Lion
Organism
Herd of Zebras
Population
Lions, Zebras, Gazelles, and Trees
Community
The water, the zebras, and the lions in an area.
Ecosystem
The entire planet.
Biosphere
