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WorksheetsPharmacology Quiz
Total questions: 20
Worksheet time: 10mins
Biotransformation mainly occurs in the
Heart
Liver
Kidney
Lungs
Phase 1 reactions are also called
Conjugation reactions
Synthetic reactions
Functionalization reactions
Hydrolysis reactions
Which enzyme catalyzes Phase 1 oxidation?
MAO
CYP450
COMT
Acetyltransferase
Prodrugs are
Active drugs
Inactive precursors
Highly toxic drugs
Enzyme inhibitors
Example of a prodrug is
Paracetamol
Codeine
Aspirin
Lidocaine
Phase II reactions usually lead to
Less water solubility
More lipid solubility
More water solubility
Toxic metabolites
Glucuronidation occurs in presence of
UGT enzyme
CYP3A4 enzyme
GST enzyme
EST enzyme
Which of the following induces microsomal enzymes?
Rifampicin
Chloramphenicol
Erythromycin
Ciprofloxacin
Zero-order kinetics means
Constant fraction eliminated
Constant amount eliminated
Half-life constant
None
Example of zero-order elimination is
Warfarin
Phenytoin
Morphine
Losartan
Plasma half-life depends on
Vd only
Clearance only
Vd and Clearance
Bioavailability
Clearance is defined as
Rate of absorption
Volume cleared per unit time
Binding strength
Distribution ratio
Steady state concentration is achieved after
1 half-life
2 half-lives
4–5 half-lives
10 half-lives
TDM is most useful for drugs with
Wide therapeutic index
Large Vd
Narrow therapeutic index
Short half-life
A method to prolong drug action is
Increase clearance
Use antagonists
Sustained-release formulations
Decrease absorption
GPCRs act via
Tyrosine kinase
Second messenger pathways
Ion channels
Nuclear receptors
Which is a ligand-gated ion channel receptor?
GABA-A receptor
GPCR
Insulin receptor
Steroid receptor
Nuclear receptors act through
cAMP
IP3
DNA transcription
Calcium channels
CYP450 inhibition leads to
Increased clearance
Decreased drug levels
Risk of toxicity
Rapid metabolism
Enzyme induction leads to
Increased drug metabolism
Decreased clearance
Shorter half-life
Increased toxicity
