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WorksheetsPractice Final pt. 2
Total questions: 25
Worksheet time: 13mins
Which is the BEST definition of an antigen in the context of immune response?
A hormone released during stress
Any foreign substance that can trigger the production of antibodies
A type of white blood cell
A protein that always belongs to the body
How do antibodies help the body fight infection?
By directly creating more white blood cells
By binding antigens and making them easier for immune cells to find and destroy
By thickening the skin
By lowering blood pressure
A patient with an autoimmune disease has immune cells attacking joint tissue. What is the BEST explanation for this?
The body has no immune cells
The immune system fails to recognize self tissue and attacks it as if it were foreign
The joints release antibodies
The disease is always caused by a virus
Why are memory cells important for vaccines to work?
They destroy the vaccine
They allow for a slower response the next time
They “remember” the antigen so the immune system can respond faster and stronger in the future
They block any future immune response
Which scenario BEST illustrates the role of memory cells?
A person gets chickenpox twice
A person gets a flu shot and later fights off the flu with milder or no symptoms
A person breaks a bone and it heals
A person gets a sunburn
A patient with anaphylaxis is experiencing wheezing, facial swelling, and a rapid drop in blood pressure. What is happening in the body at the tissue level?
Blood vessels are constricting and airways are relaxing
Widespread vasodilation and leaky capillaries with airway smooth muscle constriction
Bones are dissolving and joints inflaming
Only the skin is affected
Which finding would MOST strongly suggest anaphylaxis rather than a mild allergic reaction?
Localized itchiness at the site of a bug bite
Global hives, difficulty breathing, and dizziness
Watery eyes during pollen season
A single rash patch on the leg
A patient has red, warm, swollen skin around a small cut, with pus drainage. Which is the MOST likely cause?
Leukemia
Staphylococcus aureus skin infection
Viral bronchitis
Rhabdomyolysis
Which pattern BEST fits a suspicious lesion for malignant melanoma?
Symmetric, round, light brown, unchanged for years
Dark, irregular borders, multiple colors, and recent growth
Small clear blister that appears after a burn
Flat, flesh-colored tag near the neck
UV radiation increases the risk of melanoma PRIMARILY by:
Increasing sweat production
Causing DNA damage and mutations in melanocytes
Thickening the hypodermis
Increasing platelet counts
In leukemia, how does abnormal bone marrow function explain easy bruising and frequent infections?
Too many healthy platelets and WBCs
Abnormal cells crowd out normal WBCs and platelets, reducing immune function and clotting
Extra red blood cells block the veins
The liver stops working
Cellulitis with lymphangitis often appears as:
Multiple small freckles
Red, swollen area of skin with red streaks tracking toward regional lymph nodes
Dry, flaky skin with no redness
A bruise that changes color over time
Metastasis is MOST accurately described as:
The process of tumor cells staying contained in one location
The spreading of cancer cells via blood or lymph to distant sites to form new tumors
The shrinkage of a tumor after treatment
The first mutation that starts a tumor
Why does chemotherapy cause side effects like hair loss, nausea, and low blood counts?
It affects all rapidly dividing cells, including healthy ones in hair follicles, gut, and bone marrow
It only targets hair cells
It only affects the brain
It increases skin thickness
Which patient education point is MOST appropriate to reduce UV-related skin cancer risk?
Use sunscreen only on cloudy days.
Avoid tanning beds, use broad-spectrum sunscreen, and wear protective clothing when in the sun.
A base tan fully protects you from damage.
You don’t need sun protection if you don’t burn.
A patient fell and now has severe localized bone pain, visible deformity, and inability to bear weight. Which condition is MOST likely?
Sprain
Strain
Fracture
Cellulitis
Over many years, a patient develops knee pain worse with activity, crepitus, and X-ray showing joint space narrowing and bone spurs. This MOST strongly suggests:
Acute fracture
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid arthritis
ACL tear
A young adult has morning stiffness in multiple small joints of both hands lasting over an hour, plus fatigue. Lab work suggests an autoimmune process. Which condition is MOST likely?
Osteoarthritis
Rhabdomyolysis
Rheumatoid arthritis
Meniscus tear
A soccer player plants their foot, twists, hears a “pop,” and their knee swells within an hour. They feel the knee “give out” when walking. Which injury is MOST likely?
ACL tear
Rotator cuff tear
Herniated disc
Scoliosis
A basketball player reports knee pain, especially with twisting and squatting. The knee sometimes “locks” and catches. This MOST likely indicates:
ACL tear
Meniscus tear
Ankle strain
Compartment syndrome
A patient with a rotator cuff tear will MOST likely struggle with which activity?
Flexing the wrist
Lifting the arm overhead to comb their hair
Bending forward at the waist
Moving the toes
During a scoliosis screening, which finding is MOST concerning?
Equal shoulder height
Rib hump and asymmetry when the patient bends forward
Straight, midline spine
Mild bruising on the arm
A patient has severe lower leg pain out of proportion to the injury, with pain on passive stretching and decreased pulses in the foot. Which complication is the GREATEST concern if untreated?
Mild muscle soreness
Chronic cough
Permanent nerve and muscle damage from compartment syndrome
Simple arthritis
After an intense workout in extreme heat, a patient reports severe muscle pain, weakness, and dark, cola-colored urine. Which internal problem is MOST likely occurring?
Excess skin shedding
Massive breakdown of muscle cells releasing myoglobin, risking kidney damage
Mild dehydration with no other issues
Simple ankle sprain
A patient with a herniated lumbar disc compressing a nerve root is MOST likely to report:
Localized shoulder pain only
Radiating sharp pain, numbness, or tingling down one leg
Pain only when swallowing
Joint redness and warmth in the hands
