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WorksheetsCapacitors and Robotics
Total questions: 30
Worksheet time: 15mins
Which statement best defines a capacitor in electronics?
A passive component that stores energy in an electric field
An active device that amplifies electrical power continuously
A chemical source that generates charge through reactions
A sensor that converts light energy into electric current
In the water tower analogy for capacitors, what corresponds to voltage?
Water pressure pushing through the pipe
Water volume collected in the tank
Height of the ladder near the tower
Pipe diameter between the towers
What are the two main conductive parts of a simple capacitor called?
Two terminals on a semiconductor
Two plates made of conductive material
Two brushes on a rotating disk
Two coils wound from copper wire
What is the role of the dielectric in a capacitor?
A reactive chemical for energy release
A magnetic core to boost inductance
A conductive path to discharge quickly
An insulating layer separating the plates
After a capacitor is fully charged in a direct-current circuit, how does it behave?
Like an open switch for steady current
Like a short circuit for steady current
Like a battery that increases voltage
Like a constant current source always
Capacitance measures a capacitor’s ability to do what?
Store electric charge between its plates
Increase magnetic flux inside coils
Generate voltage from chemical energy
Reduce heat loss across resistors
The SI unit of capacitance is the farad (F). Which conversion is typically used in practice?
Kilofarads and megafarads for small parts
Microfarads and picofarads for common sizes
Millivolts and microvolts for storage
Coulombs and amperes for measurements
Which type of capacitor is polarized and marked with a plus sign?
Ceramic capacitor without polarity
Variable capacitor with knob mark
Electrolytic capacitor with polarity mark
Film capacitor without polarity
What is the typical use of ceramic or film capacitors in circuits?
Power smoothing under load
Bulk energy storage mainly
Timing large RC delays
Filtering high‑frequency signals reliably
Why must the polarity of an electrolytic capacitor be observed?
Reverse connection can cause damage or explosion
Reverse connection improves filtering performance
Reverse connection only lowers capacitance slightly
Reverse connection only changes the symbol drawing
Two capacitors of 10 µF and 20 µF are connected in parallel. What is the equivalent capacitance?
30 µF total capacitance
6.7 µF total capacitance
200 µF total capacitance
10 µF total capacitance
Two capacitors of 6 µF and 3 µF are connected in series. Which statement is correct about the equivalent capacitance?
It is greater than 6 µF overall
It is between 3 µF and 6 µF
It equals 9 µF overall
It is less than 3 µF overall
In an RC circuit, what role does the resistor mainly play during charging?
It limits current and controls the rate
It reverses the capacitor polarity
It converts DC into AC signals
It stores charge like a capacitor
What components make up a basic RC circuit?
An inductor and a switch
A battery and a diode
Two resistors in series
A resistor and a capacitor
In an RC circuit, what role does the resistor primarily play during charging and discharging?
It limits the current flow
It measures the circuit voltage
It converts AC to DC
It stores electrical energy
Which statement best defines the RC time constant, τ?
Time for resistance to double in value
Time for voltage to reach 100%
Time for capacitor voltage to reach 63.2%
Time for current to stop completely
Which formula correctly gives the RC time constant τ?
τ = R × C
τ = R + C
τ = C − R
τ = R ÷ C
Which units pair correctly matches R and C so τ is in seconds?
Watts for R and Joules for C
Volts for R and Amps for C
Henries for R and Teslas for C
Ohms for R and Farads for C
A 2 kΩ resistor is in series with a 500 µF capacitor. What is the time constant τ?
1.0 second
0.01 second
0.10 second
10 seconds
A designer wants the capacitor to reach about 63.2% of the supply in 0.25 s. If C = 50 µF, what resistor value is needed?
50 Ω
0.50 Ω
5.0 kΩ
500 kΩ
Which role of a capacitor helps stabilize a robot’s microcontroller by filtering noise and spikes from motors or power supplies?
Power smoothing near sensitive electronics
Storing data in digital memory
Providing short bursts to high-current loads
Timing delays for sensor debouncing
In a simple RC circuit, what quantity does the time constant tau represent?
Time for resistance to double from heat
Time for charge to completely stop flowing
Time for voltage to change by about 63 percent
Time for current to reach its absolute maximum
Which application best matches: creating brief time delays for sensors or switch debouncing in a robot?
Timing using an RC network
Energy storage for camera flash
Inductive kickback suppression only
Power smoothing at the battery
Electrolytic capacitors have a positive and negative lead. What practice is critical when using them in circuits?
Using the largest value available
Placing them far from heat sources
Wiring multiple in random series
Observing polarity orientation carefully
A solenoid in a robot needs a quick surge of energy to actuate. Which capacitor role directly supports this need?
Voltage regulation by itself
Long-term energy storage only
Precision timing for clock signals
Energy burst for high-power loads
You are asked to build an RC circuit with tau = 1 second. Which pair meets the requirement?
R = 470 Ω and C = 220 nF
R = 100 Ω and C = 10 µF
R = 1 kΩ and C = 1 µF
R = 10 kΩ and C = 100 µF
During the 1-second RC challenge, you measure the capacitor’s charging curve. Which observation best verifies tau = 1 s?
Voltage drops to half the supply at 1 s
Voltage remains unchanged for the first 1 s
Voltage reaches about 63 percent of supply at 1 s
Voltage reaches full supply value exactly at 1 s
All of the following are common examples of capacitors EXCEPT:
lightning clouds
Van der Graaff generators
batteries
defibrilators
