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Semester Test Study Guide

Total questions: 48

Worksheet time: 38mins

Name
Class
Date
1.

Which of the following is an inherited trait?

a)

dimples

b)

long hair

c)

favorite color

d)

driving ability

2.

What are you most likely to inherit from your parents?

a)

Sense of fashion

b)

Hair Color

c)

Hair Style

d)

Beautiful jewelry

3.

A feature regulated by a set of genes (allele) passed on

from parents to offspring. Also called inherited traits.

a)

Heterozygous

b)

Mendel

c)

Chromosome

d)

Traits

4.

The letter symbols for both homologous alleles.

BB Bb bb AA Aa aa

a)

Genotype

b)

Phenotype

c)

Recessive

d)

Dominant

5.

A genotype where only dominant alleles were passed on

from both parents for one trait

BB AA TT LL

a)

Homozygous Recessive

b)

Homozygous Dominant

c)

Dihybrid

d)

Heredity

6.

A genotype where only recessive alleles

were passed on from both parents for one trait

bb aa tt ll

a)

Heredity

b)

Homozygous Dominant

c)

Homozygous Recessive

d)

Phenotype

7.

The Italian monk/scientist who first showed

the principles of genetics

a)

Watson and Crick

b)

Linnaeus

c)

Darwin

d)

Mendel

8.
How many alleles (letters) do each person carry for a trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
9.
How many alleles (letters) does a child get from each parent for each trait?
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
10.
Dominant alleles are represented by a:
a)
Male gene
b)
lowercase letter
c)
recessive trait
d)
capital letter
11.
In a flowering plant species, red flower color (R) is dominant over white flower color (r). What is the genotype of any red-flowering plant resulting from this species?
a)
rr
b)
R
c)
RR
d)
RR or Rr
12.
What gender has an X and a Y chromosome?
a)
male
b)
female
c)
transgender 
d)
all of the above
13.

This type of reproduction requires 2 parent cells.

a)

Sexual

b)

Asexual

14.

What is a form of asexual reproduction in which offspring grow from a part of the parent plant?

a)

Spores

b)

Budding

c)

Vegetative Reproduction

d)

Regeneration

15.

a slight difference in the appearance of individual members of a species

a)

comparative anatomy

b)

variation

c)

homologous structures

d)

analogous structures

16.

the process by which populations of organisms with variations that help them survive in their environments live longer, compete better, and reproduce more than those that do not have the variations

a)

selective breeding

b)

genetic engineering

c)

natural selection

17.

a characteristic of a species that enables the species to survive in its environment

a)

adaptations

b)

comparative anatomy

c)

analogous structures

d)

homologous structures

18.

a characteristic of a species that enables the species to survive in its environment

a)

adaptations

b)

comparative anatomy

c)

analogous structures

d)

homologous structures

19.

the science of the development of embryos from fertilization to birth

a)

geneology

b)

comparative anatomy

c)

embryology

20.

the preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past

a)

jelly

b)

fossil

c)

landmark

d)

portrait

21.

a well tested concept that explains a wide range of observations

a)

research

b)

scientific theory

c)

natural selection

d)

selective breeding

22.

most species produce more offspring than can possibly survive

a)

competition

b)

overproduction

c)

natural selection

d)

variation

23.

What is the human most closely related to?

a)

Fish

b)

mouse

c)

Salamander

d)

Human

24.
When all individuals in a species have died, it is called
a)
evolution
b)
extinction
c)
adaptation
d)
natural selection
25.
Relative dating of rock layers tells us that the deeper we dig, 
a)
the younger the rocks get.
b)
the simpler the rocks get.
c)
the harder the rocks get.
d)
the older the rocks get.
26.
Study of embryos of various organisms to show a common ancestor because of similarities in development
a)
natural selection
b)
embryology
c)
speciation
d)
evolution
27.
Which layer is the oldest
a)
B
b)
A
c)
E
d)
C
28.
What is this an example of?
a)
vestigial structures
b)
embryology
c)
homologous structures
d)
fossil record
29.
The survival of the fittest 
a)
Natural selction
b)
Evolution 
c)
Mimic 
d)
Camouflage 
30.
Which layer is the youngest
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
31.
What would happen if the Giraffes never evolve?
a)
they would survive
b)
They would thrive
c)
They would become extinct
d)
They will find another source of food
32.
Darwin wrote that organisms with traits that are best suited to the environment will ________________
a)
increase in number
b)
become extinct
33.

The fossil record help scientists

a)

better understand the kinds of organisms that lived in the past

b)

better understand how the environment has changed over time

c)

better understand how organisms have evolved over time

d)

all of the above

34.

Scientists are studying a particular protein found in blood cells. Based on this, which animals are most closely related?

Dog: ARG - LYS - HIS - TYR

Rabbit: ARG - LYS - TYR - TYR

Elk: ARG - PRO - TYR - ARG

a)

Dog & Rabbit

b)

Rabbit & Elk

c)

Dog & Elk

35.
Which layer is the oldest
a)
B
b)
A
c)
E
d)
C
36.
What type of beak would help a bird pick insects off a plant?
a)
a large thick beak
b)
a long thin beak
c)
a small short beak
d)
a large hooked beak
37.
Which scientist gets credit for developing the theory of natural selection
a)
Charles Darwin
b)
Gregor Mendel
c)
Benjamin Franklin
d)
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
38.
The theory of Natural Selection is based on
a)
the fossil record only
b)
neither the fossil record nor observations of living organisms
c)
observations of living organisms only
d)
on both the fossil record and observations of living organisms
39.
On what continent did Charles Darwin make his observations?
a)
North America
b)
Asia
c)
Europe
d)
South America
40.

Jonah’s science class is examining different rocks. Jonah finds the rock shown. What can Jonah see on this rock?

a)

DNA

b)

fossil

c)

organism that died recently

d)

genetic evidence for evolution

41.

These are structures that are no longer used but show that an ancestor did.

a)

Fossils

b)

Homologous Structures

c)

Embryology

d)

Vestigial Structures

e)

DNA/Amino acid comparisons

42.

Most rock pocket mice are typically light brown, living on desert sands. Occasionally, a darker colored mouse appears in the population.After a large volcanic eruption, some rock pocket mice found themselves living on the hardened lava flow.

b. What caused the variation in fur color in the mice?

a)

mutations

b)

fur color to blend in

c)

natural selection

d)

radiation

43.

If an offspring is produced through sexual reproduction, the offspring's genetic material is always _____

a)

a copy of the genetic material of one parent.

b)

identical to the genetic material of its siblings.

c)

completely unrelated to that of its parents.

d)

a blend of the genetic material of its parents.

44.

Plants can reproduce asexually. Based on the images of the plants below, traits of each new plant include _____

a)

a mixture of traits from its parent

b)

the exact traits to the parent

c)

varied traits of all plants

d)

different traits from its parents

45.

A scientist observes a parent organism with its offspring. The color of the offspring is different than the parent. The most likely inference the scientist makes is that the organism reproduces by ____

a)

budding.

b)

sexual reproduction.

c)

asexual reproduction.

d)

vegetative propagation.

46.

Seeds that are dispersed by _____________ are small and light.

a)

water

b)

wind

c)

animals

d)

humans

47.

Which is not part of the chromosome?

a)

proteins

b)

cell

c)

adesine

d)

DNA

48.

Which of the following is not an example of a trait?

a)

species

b)

body height

c)

ear shape

d)

ear size

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