WorksheetsFall Final Exam Review
Total questions: 48
Worksheet time: 48mins
Which observation from Rutherford’s gold foil experiment most strongly supported the nuclear model of the atom?
Alpha particles lost all kinetic energy
Most alpha particles passed straight through
Many alpha particles reversed direction
Most alpha particles stopped in the foil
In the Bohr model, what happens when an electron drops from a higher to a lower energy level?
It gains kinetic energy and speeds up
It releases a neutron from the nucleus
It absorbs a photon with random energy
It emits a photon with specific energy
Two atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are best described as
ions of the same element
isotopes of the same element
molecules of the same element
different elements entirely
Which statement compares Thomson’s and Rutherford’s atomic models most accurately?
Thomson placed electrons inside a nucleus
Rutherford proposed electrons fixed in orbits
Thomson’s atom was a positive sphere with electrons
Rutherford’s atom had electrons embedded uniformly
An emission spectrum shows distinct bright lines at specific wavelengths. What does matching these lines between an unknown source and a reference element indicate?
The source is hotter than the element
The elements have identical masses
The elements share identical isotopes
The element is present in the source
Which statement best explains why noble gases have the highest ionization energies?
They have strong metallic character and weak electron pull
They have many valence electrons and easily donate one
They already have a complete octet and resist losing electrons
They are small atoms with fewer electron shells
Which element is predicted to have the highest electronegativity in its period?
An alkali metal in s1
A noble gas in p6
A metalloid in p3
A halogen in p5
Across a period from left to right, what happens to atomic radius and why?
Radius increases due to added electrons
Radius increases due to proton repulsion
Radius decreases due to stronger nuclear charge
Radius stays constant due to shielding
Which electron configuration describes a highly reactive nonmetal?
1s2 2s2 2p6
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5
1s2 2s2 2p4
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p3
An element ends in s1. Which property is most likely?
Completely unreactive
Highly reactive metal
Moderately reactive metal
Least reactive metal
Which pair of configurations represents two elements with very similar chemical properties?
1s2 2s2 2p6 and [Ne]3s2 3p5
1s2s1 and 1s2s2
1s2 2s2 and 1s2 2s2 2p1
1s2 2s2 2p5 and [Ne]3s2 3p5
Which property best distinguishes ionic bonds from polar covalent bonds as shown in the figure?
Have low melting and boiling points
Do not dissolve in water well
Share electrons equally between atoms
Conduct electricity only when dissolved
A powder is soluble in water, conducts electricity when dissolved, and has a high melting point. Which identity is most consistent with these properties?
C10H8, showing covalent compound properties
C10H8, showing ionic compound properties
KCl, showing covalent compound properties
KCl, showing ionic compound properties
A compound consists of Mg2+ and two Cl− ions. Which properties are most expected for the substance formed by these particles?
Low melting point, brittle solid, insoluble in water
High melting point, brittle solid, conductive when dissolved
Low melting point, malleable solid, conductive when dissolved
High melting point, malleable solid, insoluble in water
Which statement best distinguishes intermolecular from intramolecular forces?
Intramolecular forces control density between liquids
Intermolecular forces form ionic bonds within atoms
Intramolecular forces act between separate molecules
Intermolecular forces act between molecules in a sample
A metal cube has a mass of 25.73 g and side length 2.12 cm. What is its density?
1.25 g/cm3
12.1 g/cm3
9.53 g/cm3
2.70 g/cm3
Which compound most likely exhibits hydrogen bonding?
HF because H bonds with a highly electronegative atom
Cl2 because it is a diatomic nonpolar molecule
CH4 because it forms nonpolar covalent bonds
C2H5 because it only shows dispersion forces
A student heats a metal until it melts and records the melting point. Which property is being tested?
Physical property of conductivity
Physical property of phase change
Chemical property of reactivity
Chemical property of flammability
A block has a mass of 45 g and a volume of 46 mL. Will it float in water? Use water density = 1.0 g/mL.
No, because its mass is greater than volume
Yes, because its density is less than water
Yes, because its mass equals its volume
No, because its density is more than water
Two liquids have these flow times: A = 0.1 s, B = 10 s, C = 1 s. Which liquid has the strongest intermolecular forces?
Liquid A, because lowest viscosity
Liquid B, because highest viscosity
Liquid C, because moderate viscosity
All are equal, because same temperature
Which reaction type best fits this reaction: CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O?
Double replacement exchanging two ions
Single replacement with one element swapping
Decomposition reaction splitting one compound
Combustion of a hydrocarbon in oxygen
Synthesis reaction combining two reactants
Which observation is the best evidence that a chemical reaction occurred when two solutions are mixed in a test tube?
Bubbles suddenly appear and gas is produced
The temperature stays the same throughout mixing
Magnets near the tube attract each other
The mass displayed on the scale increases slightly
Which change is physical rather than chemical?
Ice melts into liquid water on a warm day
A gas forms and bubbles up from the solution
A new solid precipitate forms in the mixture
A bright light is emitted from a cracked tube
Which statement best applies the law of conservation of matter during a reaction?
Atoms disappear when a precipitate forms
Products always have greater mass than reactants
Total mass of products equals total mass of reactants
Mass can be lost if bubbles form during reaction
Zinc reacts with copper(II) sulfate. Which balanced single replacement equation correctly represents this reaction?
Zn + CuSO4 → ZnSO4 + Cu
Zn + CuSO4 → ZnO + CuSO3
Zn + CuSO4 → CuSO4 + Zn
Zn + CuSO4 → Zn2SO4 + Cu2
Four students performed four different investigations by combining different substances. Their results are shown in the table to the left. In (a) , a chemical reaction took place. The other experiments (b) result in a chemical reaction.
Match the observations with their evidence that a chemical change has occurred
a reaction goes from 40 degrees to 70 degrees
temperature change
A baggie puffs up when 2 substances are mixed inside
gas production
rust on a nail
color change
meat has gone bad
odor produced
milk turns chunky after being left out for days
formation of a precipitate
What type of chemical reaction is B? (a)
What type of chemical reaction is E? (a)
When energy is added to an atom from an outside source, an electron will move to a higher orbit.
True
False
How many valence electrons does this element have?
0
2
3
4
How many shells/levels does this atom have?
1
2
3
4
Which electron transition leads to the highest energy released:
n6 to n2
n5 to n2
n4 to n2
n3 to n2
Match the following
number of protons & electrons
18
number of neutrons
22
mass number
40
Which isotope has 4 neutrons?
What is the main intermolecular force present in nonpolar molecules?
London dispersion force
Dipole-dipole interaction
Hydrogen bond
Ionic bond
Which type of intermolecular force is the weakest?
Hydrogen bonding
London dispersion force
Ionic bond
Dipole-dipole force
What is the main intermolecular force present in polar molecules?
hydrogen bonding
London dispersion forces
ionic bonding
dipole-dipole interaction
Which type of intermolecular force is responsible for the strong attraction between hydrogen fluoride (HF) molecules?
hydrogen bonding
dipole-dipole forces
London dispersion forces
ionic bonding
Which of the following molecules is/are polar? (mark all that apply)
K + HCl -->
Mg + Al(OH)3 →
Predict the products for the this Single Replacement reaction: (Copper has a charge of 1+)
Mg + CuCl →
MgCl2 + Cu
Mg + Cu
MgCu + Cl2
MgCl + Cu2
Predict the products for the this Double Replacement reaction:
AgNO3 + KCl →
AgCl + KNO3
AgK + ClNO3
KAg + NO3Cl
AgCl + 3 KNO
