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WorksheetsPSY SEM 2 PK Exam
Total questions: 90
Worksheet time: 2hrs 30mins
Which of the following is a psychological concept related to decision-making?
Schema
Prototype
Heuristic
Assimilation
Which theory describes intelligence as a single general ability?
General Intelligence (g)
Multiple Intelligences
Emotional Intelligence
Savant Syndrome
What is the term for the mental process of forming new ideas and concepts?
Creativity
Cognition
Metacognition
Insight
Which effect describes the rise in IQ scores over time?
Flynn Effect
Savant Syndrome
Construct Validity
Encoding Failure
What is the process of organizing information into manageable units?
Encoding
Chunking
Priming
Framing
When someone mentions fast food, you immediately picture a burger from McDonald's. Here, McDonald's is your _______.
Prototype
Priming
Heuristic
Peg-word
There is a man who is tall, athletic and has big hands. You see him among a group of friends and are told that one is a basketball player, another is a hockey player and the third is a soccer player. If you assume that he is the basketball player, you are influenced by
The representative heuristic
Retrograde amnesia
Algorithmic decay
The availability heuristic
Memory of a specific event
Semantic Memory
Implicit Memory
Episodic Memory
Long Term Memory
A multiple choice question is checking what part of memory?
Recall
Recognition
Method of Loci
Encoding
The term for retaining information in your brain.
Recall
Retrieval
Storage
Encoding
The term that shows how much we forget when we do not review information?
Effortful encoding
Automatic encoding
Spacing
Ebbinghaus curve
The term for remembering the things at the beginning and end of a list.
Tip of the Tongue
Spacing effect
Serial position effect
Method of Loci
The type of memory that is immediate and involves the 5 senses?
Sensory memory
Short term memory
Long term memory
Encoding
Jose, the father of a newborn, gently strokes the bottom of his baby's foot. As he does this, the baby's toes move outward and then curl in. Which of the following newborn reflexes is Jose's baby demonstrating?
Rooting
Moro
Babinski
Stepping
Grasping
Amina, who is two-and-a-half years old, pointed to the ocean and called it a "pool" because she had never seen the ocean before. ? She is trying to use __________________ to understand the new information, but someone should help her create a new cognitive category for ocean.
Accomdation
Object permanence
Conservation
Assimilation
Habituation
Which of the following children would be considered to have a secure attachment, according to Mary Ainsworth?
Mekhi, who cries when his mother leaves but does not seem to care when she returns
Sam, who cries when his mother leaves and seeks physical contact from her when she returns before beginning to play independently
Jorge, who is indifferent to his mother leaving and returning
Itsuki, who happily plays with the stranger who is present when his mother leaves
Szymon, who cries when his mother leaves and clings to her when she returns
Which of the following is most consistent with Erickson's psychosocial stage of industry vs. inferiority?
Paolo, who is trying to determine which interests and skills he is best at
Logan, who is trying to find a partner he can potentially marry
Tanya, who reflects on her life with satisfaction that she has left something for the next generation
Esmeralda, who has learned to begin activities with her friends
Monique, who still relies on her parents for feeding and clothing
Which of the following did Harry Harlow contend was the most important factor in forming a strong bond between mother and infant?
Assimilation
Conservation
Contact comfort
Object permanence
Egocentrism
Levi is in his mid-forties. He has a job he does not enjoy, but he does not know how to make a change. He recently was divorced and has not found a new relationship. Which of Erickson's stages of psychosocial development is Levi likely experiencing?
Identity vs role confusion
Intimacy vs isolation
Formal operational stage
Generativity vs stagnation
Integrity vs despair
Rani is twenty-six. She has many friends from college. She has just started a job as an accountant, which she enjoys and for which she is well suited. She is living at home with her parents and pays them a small amount of rent. She has also recently taken on his own car and insurance payments. She has plans to look for an apartment in the next few years. Which of the following is Rani likely experiencing?
Identity vs role confusion
Emerging adulthood
Gender identity
Generativity vs stagnation
Personal fable
Charlotte is eighty-five. Each morning she successfully completes a crossword puzzle, and she enjoys reading and learning about presidential trivia and American history. She knows more about these topics than ever before. Which of the following is strong for Charlotte?
Emotional intelligence
Fluid intelligence
Crystallized intelligence
Accommodation
Preoperational thinking
Substances that get to the fetus through the placenta and prevents normal development
Temperament
Germs
Bacteria
Teratogens
An unborn human baby more than eight weeks after conception.
Maturation
Fetus
Zygote
Embryo
A person's characteristic nature or emotional excitability
Schema
Self-Esteem
Temperment
Behavior
The Fertilized Egg.
Ovulation
Cell Mass
Embryonic Stage
Zygote
The baby's tendency when their cheek is touched to open their mouth and look for a food source.
Assimilation
Moro Reflex
Grasp Reflex
Rooting Reflex
All mental activities are associated with thinking and memory.
Social Learning
Trauma
Schema
Cognition
Concepts or mental frameworks that organize categories and interpret information
Thoughts
Schemas
Antecedents
Placentas
Interpreting new experiences by relating them to existing schemas
Assimilation
Accomodation
Attrition
Adaptation
Adapting current schemas to bring in new information.
Assimilation
Abomination
Acculturation
Accomodation
This takes place from birth to roughly age 2. In this stage, babies ―take in‖ the world through their senses and interactions.
Sensorimotor stage
Pre-operational stage
Concrete operational stage
Formal operational stage
These parents believe children should make and learn from their own mistakes; they provide few rules.
Permissive
Authoritative
Uninvolved
Authoritarian
Refers to the process by which a child learns to interact with others around them.
Physical Development
Social Development
Cognitive Development
Spiritual Development
Stage of cognitive development when children begin to show signs of adult thinking
Concrete operational stage
Formal operational stage
Preoperational stage
Sensory-motor stage
Who developed the theory of 8 stages of Psychosocial development?
Lawrence Kohlberg
Erik Erikson
Jean Piaget
Harry Harlow
Who developed the 4 stage theory of cognitive development?
Lev Vygotsky
Arnold Palmer
Erik Erikson
Jean Piaget
Which theorist was famous for their work with moral development?
Jerry Garcia
Erik Erikson
Lawrence Kohlberg
Steven Colbert
What is the process by which some animals form immediate attachments during a critical period?
assimilation
contact comfort
imprinting
separation anxiety
Piaget’s term for the knowledge that an object exists even when it is out of sight is _______.
accommodation
object permanence
centration
conservation
What term is used to describe a child’s inability to see the world through anyone else’s eyes except his or her own?
egocentrism
narcissism
disparity
assimilation
This man developed the first experiments around attachment. He used baby monkeys and their response to a wire mother and a cloth mother.
Piaget
Kohlberg
Harlow
Ainsworth
According to Jean Piaget, what type of learning do individuals acquire during the formal operational stage?
Abstract thought
Symbolism
Memorization skills
Visual learning
I developed an experimental procedure in order to observe the variety of attachment forms exhibited between mothers and infants. Called the “Strange Situation” method, it is based on a series of brief separations and reunions with the mother in a playroom situation. Who am I?
Harry Harlow
James Marcia
Mary Ainsworth
Carol Gilligan
If individuals successfully solve their problems during each stage of life, they will develop good social traits. If they do not, their problem solving skills will be hindered, causing new problems at the next stage. Which psychologist(s) would agree with this statement
Freud
Piaget
Erikson
Freud and Piaget
Freud and Erikson
Authoritative parents can best be defined as:
Parents who befriend their children and do not use discipline
Parents who are less controlling and behave with a more accepting attitude
Parents who try to control the behavior of their children in accordance with a set standard of conduct
Supportive parents who discuss their rules and policies with their children
Conservation
Objects exist even when they cannot be seen
Kohlberg's first stage of moral development
Children's pretend play
Number, mass, and volume stay the same despite changes in shape
Psychological disorders are diagnosed using criteria from
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
International Psychological Manual
Diagnostic and Psychosis Guide for Mental Illness
the Merriem Webster Dictionary
obsessive-compulsive disorder
Characterized by obsessions and compulsions that interfere with daily life and functioning.
Panic attacks and anxiety frequently occur.
A strong, constant fear caused by a particular object or act.
Identified by cyclical patterns of mania and depression. Excessive amounts of dopamine are often present.
Dalton developed a phobia of dogs after watching his older cousin act fearfully when he interacted with dogs in their neighborhood. Which of the following best explains why Dalton developed his phobia of dogs?
Classical conditioning, because dogs are associated with classical conditioning studies.
Operant conditioning, because Dalton is being reinforced for his behavior.
Social learning theory, because Dalton learned from observing his cousin's behavior toward dogs.
Genetics, because Dalton and his cousin share some of the same genes.
involves fear of interacting with others or being in a social situation.
social anxiety
specific phobia
agoraphobia
Psychoanalysis was a therapy technique designed by...
Freud
Rogers
Perls
Skinner
What did Carl Rogers view as a cause of the most personal problems & unhappiness?
reinforcement of maladaptive behavior patterns
unrealistic modes of thought employed by many people
a neurochemical imbalance
mismatch between an individual's ideal self and real self
Which method of treating phobias involves progressive relaxation & exposure to the feared object?
extinction
punishment
token economy
systematic desensitization
What is a goal of cognitive therapy?
to help clients gain insight into their unconscious
to help people change their ways of thinking
to change a person's behavior through shaping & reinforcement
to provide unconditional positive regard for the client
Antipsychotic drugs treat symptoms such as
hopelessness, sadness, and suicide ideations
excessive worry, repetitive thoughts
hallucinations, delusions, and bizarre behavior
manipulation, lying, and cheating
The condition in which a person shows little or no emotion is referred to as _?
flat affect
hallucinations
delusions
disorganization
The biological model views psychological disorders as resulting from _.
distorted thought patterns
repressed memories
behavioral issues
physiological causes
incongruence
In _, a person has a excessively ridgid, maladaptive pattern of behavior and ways of relating to others.
somatoform disorder
dissociative disorder
mood disorder
personality disorder
An irrational, persistent fear of something is called a ______.
mania
obession
phobia
compulsion
A person who suffers from bipolar disorder alternates between periods of ________.
anxiety and mania
severe depression and manic episodes
mania and schizophrenia
depression and schizophrenia
A disorder in which intruding thoughts that occur again and again are followed by repetitive, ritualistic behavior or mental acts meant to lower the anxiety caused by the thoughts is called____________ disorder.
OCD
delusional
PTSD
passive-aggressive
Which of the following is the most commonly diagnosed mood disorder in the United States?
agoraphobia
major depressive disorder
dysthymia
bipolar
The popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior) is known as _______________ .
interpersonal therapy
cognitive-behavioral therapy
psychotherapy
conversion therapy
Steve shows symptoms of both ADHD and anxiety simultaneously. His conditions are....
genetically triggered
medically synchronous
somatic
comorbid
A therapist decides to treat their patients arachnophobia by getting them to look at pictures of spiders until their anxiety is reduced. What type of therapy is this?
Systematic desensitisation
Counterconditioning
CBT
Exposure therapy
For the past 8 months, Susan has had persistent and excessive bouts of anxiety. She is really anxious a lot of the time, but the reason for her anxiety is not something specific. What disorder is Susan showing symptoms of?
Social Phobia
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
A Specific Phobia
Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
What is a psychological disorder?
a harmful dysfunction in which behaviors are maladaptive, unjustifiable, disturbing and atypical
chemical imbalances in the brain that cause people to act in harmful ways
malformations of important brain segments
a dysfunction that is not harmful but may consist of behaviors that are maladaptive, unjustifiable, disturbing and atypical
Ana has been in psychotherapy for five years. At the start of each session she describes any dreams that she has had since her last session. Her therapist analyzes the symbolism in these dreams, and helps Ana understand the unconscious conflicts that underlie the dreams. In this case, Ana is most likely seeing a therapist who is trained in
the client-centered approach.
rational-emotive therapy.
biofeedback therapy.
psychoanalysis.
An extreme fear of being in an open, public place is called what?
Acrophobia
Claustrophobia
Monophobia
Agoraphobia
Which disorder is characterized by an inability to establish meaningful relationships, assuming social responsibilities and treating people as objects?
Major Depressive Disorder
SAD
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Avoidant Personality Disorder
Which disorder is characterized by an individual having an unrealistic, inflated sense of their own importance?
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Avoidant Personality Disorder
Narcissistic Personality Disorder
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
A maladaptive behavior is one that:
is destructive to yourself or others and inhibits a person to adjust to particular situations
occurs without a rational basis
is troublesome to other people
is so different it violates a norm
The applied field of psychology that seeks to assess, understand and treat psychological conditions in clinical practice is called ____________.
Therapeutic Psychology
Clinical Psychology
Forensic Psychology
Disorder marked by the inability to focus attention, or overactive and impulsive behavior, or both.
Schizophrenia
ADHD
Dissociate Identity Disorder
One of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia includes ____________.
catatonia
an expressionless face
hallucinations
We have a tendency to explain the behavior of others in terms of ____ and to explain our own behavior in terms of ____.
personality traits; situational constraints
informational influence; normative influence
situational constraints; personality traits
normative influence; informational influence
Solomon Asch reported that individuals conformed to a group’s judgment of the lengths of lines:
only when the group was composed of at least six members.
even when the group judgment was clearly incorrect.
even when the group seemed uncertain and repeatedly altered its judgment.
only when members of the group were of high status.
Most people are likely to be surprised by the results of Milgram’s initial obedience experiment because:
the “learners” made so few learning errors under stress.
the “teachers” actually enjoyed shocking another person.
the “learners” obediently accepted painful shocks without protest.
the “teachers” were more obedient than most people would have predicted.
According to Milgram, the most fundamental lesson to be learned from his study of obedience is that:
even ordinary people, who are not usually hostile, can become agents of destruction.
people are naturally predisposed to be hostile and aggressive.
the desire to be accepted by others is one of the strongest human motives.
people value their freedom and react negatively when they feel they are being coerced to do something.
What is a fundamental attribution error?
Ignoring personal traits in behavior analysis
Attributing all actions to environmental factors
Focusing solely on positive impressions
Overlooking situational factors when interpreting others' behaviors
What does 'social loafing' refer to?
Working independently without supervision
Exerting less effort when working in a group
Loafing in social settings
Performing at peak when alone
What does 'groupthink' often lead to?
A consensus without critical evaluation
Enhanced creativity
Individual accountability
Decreased group cohesion
