Japanese word for “improvement”

Based on continuous improvement by everyone

Adapts efficiently to changing need

Possibly increase productivity by 50%

Objective is to eliminate waste

Capable of producing mixed products

Utilizes cross-trained workers

Systematic elimination of waste

Entire system must participate to produce effectively

Range of motion of a robot or machine

Degrees of freedom are individual movements

Manufacturing resources

arranged into a group

Prototype made directly from a computer model

Indicates measure of quality for near perfection

Produces fewer than 3.4 defects per million opportunities

Identifies and corrects causes of defects

Utilizes the five “whys” to uncover root cause

Applied to automotive manufacturing

Competes with mass production

Employs lean production strategy

A numerical control method in which one computer is linked with one machine tool to perform control functions.

A solid-state control system that has a user-programmable memory to store instructions.

The use of computers to convert engineering designs into finished products.

The use of computers to convert the initial idea for a product into a detailed engineering design.

A company-wide management philosophy for planning, integration, and implementation of automation.

The use of technology to ease human labor or extend the mental or physical capabilities of people.

The science and technology of robots, their design, manufacture, and application.

A system that moves material either vertically or horizontally between a storage compartment and a transfer station or within a process.

A computer-controlled system that uses pallets and other interface equipment to transport work pieces to numerical controlled (NC) machine tools and other equipment in a flexible manufacturing system.

A group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent elements or parts that function together as a whole to accomplish a goal. Change happens if you add or remove a part.

A series of actions or steps taken in order to achieve a particular end.

1. Something (such as energy, money, information, and so on) that is put into a system so that it can operate.

2. Information or signals entered into a computer system. Examples of an input device are a button, keys on a keyboard, touch screen, and accelerometer.

1. Something produced by a person, machine, factory, country, or other system or process.

2. Information or signals produced or delivered by a computer system. Examples of an input device are a slideswitch, push button, and servo.

A design and analysis tool that depicts a conceptual model of a system or process.

An accurate representation of an object or phenomenon. ​ ___________ can be visual, physical, mathematical, or computational, and are often used in the development of scientific theories or the engineering of artifacts. 

(noun) The result of taking away or removing characteristics from something in order to reduce it to a set of essential characteristics.

(verb) The process of taking away or removing characteristics from something in order to reduce it to a set of essential characteristics.

A system that has external interactions. Such interactions can take the form of information, energy, matter, or force transfers across the system boundary.

A system that is isolated from its surroundings by a boundary that allows no transfer of matter, energy, force, or information across it.

A system in which one or more outputs are forced to change in a desired manner as time progresses.

A visual representation of an idea. A ___________ can be a sketch, concept map, schematic, flowchart, or any other visual representation.

A pictorial representation (such as a picture, map, or technical drawing) used to convey detailed information. In engineering, _____________ are created using standards of engineering ___________ to document a design and are often referred to as technical drawings.

A working model used to test a design concept by making observations and necessary adjustments.

A representation of a real-world situation or system using mathematical concepts and language.

Border that separates the system from the rest of the world.

Elements of the system that work together to achieve a goal or desired outcome.

Quantities that are transferred or exchanged between system components or between the system and the outside environment.

Interactions that cause a transfer of resources within the system and/or across the system boundary.

one-time large expense

periodic costs over time

Unchanged regardless of production

Changes with production rate